 Lactobacillus salivarius humanew has been identified as a potent antiviral strain against norovirus infection. It induces the production of typi-interferons, IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, which are important components of the body's natural immunity system. This strain also increases the expression of antiviral interferon-stimulated genes, which leads to activation of the nuclear factor Kappa B and tank-binding kinase 1, TBK-1, interferon-regulatory factor 3 signaling pathways. Furthermore, it alters the gut microbiome profile, resulting in higher levels of IFN-beta and the ilium of mice. Overall, this study suggests that lactobacillus salivarius humanew could potentially be used as a probiotic agent to prevent norovirus infection. This article was authored by Dahyun Kim, Minjoo Jung, Jae Hwan Kim and others.