 Earthworms, as soil ecosystem engineers, contribute approximately 6.5% to global grain production and 2.3% to legume production, equivalent to over 140 million metric tons annually, with a particularly notable impact in the global south where they contribute up to 10% of total grain production in Sub-Saharan Africa and 8% in Latin America and the Caribbean. Investment in agroecological policies and practices could support earthworm populations and overall soil biodiversity, contributing to sustainable agricultural goals.