 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel, Explore Education and I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, S.S. Khanna Girls Free College, University of Allahabad and today I am going to discuss a very relevant topic in the field of education that is Education 4.0, a paradigm shift in pedagogy. So do subscribe my channel and the topic will be useful for various teaching examinations, your B.Ed, M.Ed, B.A., M.A. syllabus, C.Tech, U.B.T.T. and in general 2. So let's start. First of all, Education 4.0. What is Education 4.0? Actually, we are talking a lot. We have also read about it. Web 1.0, Web 2.0, Web 3.0, Web 4.0. Actually, Education 5.0 is also talking about it. But now we will start with Education 4.0. And Industrial Revolution 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, right? So we should know at least what is 4.0 in education. I wanted to make one, two, three education at the same time, but I couldn't find time. So I will make that too. So you will find out how education has evolved to 4.0. 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, what is it? So Education 4.0 is a response to the needs of Industrial Revolution 4.0. It means that as the industry is evolving, there is a revolution coming and it is reaching 4.0. So education will also have to be associated with that. Whether we are able to give education according to the needs of it or not. Whether we are able to produce a graduate according to that or not. We are human in technology and are aligned to enable new possibilities. Everyone knows that technology has become so heavy in our life that if we do not align it with it, if we leave it, if we do not accept it, then we will be left behind. Even you can say that your survival is impossible, impossible, you can say. Are aligns to enable new possibilities? That is to say, the new opportunities that human and technological alignments need to go through, like what Industrial Revolution 4.0 is saying, we have evolved Education 4.0 according to the needs of it. The fourth industrial revolution focuses on smart technology. The smart technology that has come today, like artificial intelligence, your Alexa, your smart watch, your mobile phone, all are governed by artificial intelligence. Robotics, big data, IoT, so many things have come, so we will have to improve our education system and upgrade it. Education 4.0 requires an altogether different paradigm for teaching learning. Their technology must be cross-cutting each aspect of the curriculum. That is to say, Education 4.0 is talking about a completely different paradigm, that you should teach learning in such a way that technology is cross-cutting each aspect. That is to say, you do not have to teach technology separately, but every topic, every conversation, every lecture, every discussion should come. Higher education must revisit the new educational paradigm, and especially our higher education sector will have to accept Education 4.0. What is modern pedagogy saying? Modern pedagogy, now we will not go to pedagogy, it has been talked a lot that I know that you know what pedagogy is. So, modern pedagogy must be based on collaborative learning, inquiry-based learning, research-based learning. Discovery learning and many other things, but we do not want to include everyone. Collaborative learning is a little different from cooperative learning. Collaborative learning is a little bit different. If I have made a separate video, what is collaborative learning? This produces intellectual synergy of many minds, coming to be on a problem and the social stimulation of mutual engagement in a common endeavor. That is to say, in a common endeavor, we have to combine and engage in mutual engagement, intellectual synergy, the intellect of a lot of minds, to create the solution to the problem by combining social stimulation. This is collaborative learning, this is how modern pedagogy should go. Inquiry-based learning, it starts by posing questions. Do not start with topics, start with questions. Problem rather than simply presenting established facts, that this happens, this happens, this happens, this happens, Instead of telling them, tell them that the question, like we also ask V-Ed, a lot of people have done V-Ed, that you first stimulate the child with questions. So he will try to think. That is to say, the beginning of the classroom, he will start thinking. It has emerged as a unique pedagogy to make students alert in the class and utilize their thinking. I mean, at least use your thinking pattern. Everyone will not be able to think, some will be able to think, some will be able to think till the end. But at least, think and research-based learning. It aims to promote and develop student competencies related to research practice and to benefit students. And NEP 2020 has also said that, emphasize for the establishment of research universities. Why? Because we lack a lot in research. Why? We are not at power. We wish that the great universities and colleges, because research is done for us in a very, very poor category. So from the classroom, we will have to start how to do research practices. All these things. Okay. Then, what will be more in modern pedagogy? Personalized learning. Now, it will not be possible that you have to give all the classes an assignment, you have to teach all the classes with the same method. But, as soon as we talk about e-learning, the e-learning becomes personalized. I have talked about e-learning in an old video. You can see that. What does e-learning mean? That we will learn by ourselves. According to ourselves, we will set the YouTube path. We will learn by ourselves. The more we learn, the more we will revive. We will learn again. We will learn quickly. We will learn slowly. How will we learn? That is its own taste. Right? Whose? The student's. So, e-learning can be termed as synonymous with personalized learning. Never can a classroom teaching learning be personalized. It can be here. Why? Because here, each individual can learn with his or her own pace. If we go for it, then we can also cater to the diversification and pluralism in class. If we adopt e-learning, then. And experiential learning. Experiential learning becomes a separate topic. You must have read that it is the concept of Colway. It means learning from experience or learning. When we will learn by experiencing it, when we will learn by doing it, then obviously, what we will learn will be permanent. It first immerses learners in an experience. So, what does it say? It says that first provide the learner with experience. And then, encourages reflection about the experience to develop new ways of thinking. And when he will reflect on that experience, then he will be able to think in a new way. He will be able to think in his mind. Then, let's talk about innovative teaching strategies. So, what is the new way of teaching? So, we are talking about brainstorming. Education 4.0 demands for innovation. And this strategy helps in the development of creative thinking and creation of innovative ideas. Today, we are talking about startups and ideas. Who is rich? Who is richer? Who is so? Who has innovative ideas? Idea is money nowadays, isn't it? This is your buy juice. This is all your new things. Where do you come from? From ideas that can be done this way. This can be done this way. We need to think. So, we need to develop the ability to think in a classroom that we have brainstorming sessions. Reverse brainstorming. Okay. Then, gamification. Gamification is the use of game-like elements in non-game-like situations. Even we all understand that when does a child be the happiest? We are talking about higher education. But even then, he is a student. Even then, he is a student. He has the mind of a child. When he is the happiest, he plays. Because the feeling in the game can never come in education. That we are winning. We have to compete with him. We have to move ahead. We are ahead of everyone. Or we immediately get a reward. All these things come into gamification. So, experience of gamification brings better retention and greater learning on the part of the students. You have been used by everyone during the Covid times that the classroom is a very good game-map. Then, spaced repetition should you. It is a century's old proven psychological technique and must be used by modern teachers as well. That we have to give a spaced repetition. After teaching once, we have to give a little space. We have to repeat it. Then, we have to give a space like this. This is the technique of memorization. Then, behaviour management technique. It is related with positive psychology and deal with mental, spiritual and emotional well-being of students. We all know that this is a time of stress. There is so much cutthroat competition. There is so much pressure on students, on teachers and on everyone. So, what do we have to do? We have to go into the path of positive psychology. Who is talking about positive psychology? She is talking about happiness. She doesn't say, do less sorrow. She says, go into the path of happiness. Take happiness. So, mental, spiritual and emotional well-being of students. If we want it to be better, then behaviour management technique will also have to be adopted. Then, transformations required in traditional pedagogy. How can we change our traditional pedagogy and do E4? Education 4.0. So, what should we do? E content. The biggest advantage of E content is that it can be shared to anyone at any time with the help of internet only. Only if you have Wi-Fi connection, you can send these numerous students your content. All over the world, globe, any video on YouTube can be seen in the world. Right? So, E content. Content has to be made by E content. Learning management system has to be made by E learning management. When all of us, before COVID time, I know, I... I mean, there must be some people who know about the IITs, IAM, and the IAM institution. Like us, normal people have never used IAMs. But when we used IAMs, we knew that how many of them have immense potentialities. What can they not do? Google Classroom. How much teacher-friendly and student-friendly cloud-based learning management system has been used by all of them. Moodle. Moodle is a little complicated. Most of all, when you want to enroll in a student, but when you want to enroll in it, it is very easy. And how many of them have possibilities. This is much better than Google Classroom. But it is a little more demanding than Techno. So, Moodle has more features than Google Classroom. Then, you have to do an assessment in E form. Because when we went to the online mode, we were in the shadow of it. It can be in the form of self-assessment, peer-assessment, as well as interactive-assessment. Let's check the assignment of each other, which is what you are doing. In Coursera, all the MOOCs, all the peer-assessment is going on. Our assignment, the one with us, we will check it. And then, according to that, it is grading. Because, in thousands, sometimes in lakhs, students enroll in some MOOC course, in MOOC. In MOOC, there is a course in itself. Every time, a MOOC course comes out by mistake. In MOOCs, it is impossible for a teacher to check it. Then, eExperiment. Virtual Laboratories is a simulated and remotely triggered Laboratory Experiment Platform. It is always about how to study science subjects, technology, techniques, how to study technical subjects, in your online world. So, the concept of Virtual Laboratories is coming, and it is flourishing. E-collaboration, in the form of Google Docs, Google Sheets, Google Drive. How much Google, because Google Drive was there before. But when we went to the online world, then we had to Google Drive to find out what it actually is. It is shareable. Anyone can go on it, can edit it, can do anything, means, can work on it. And E-socialization. Socialization is also E-socialization. We never meet anyone, but only through WhatsApp chats, we become friends. We share so many ideas, so many things become viral. Through various social media platforms. Okay, WhatsApp is a very small, it is a very small Twitter page, it has a lot of its possibility, popularity. Well, in this required in Transformation, it feels good to hear that it has become good, it has become E-content, it has become all this, but how will it happen? We have not enough qualified staff, neither resources nor funding. Then it stops there, where everyone has a smartphone, where the Wi-Fi is provided, and not everyone is qualified to use it. So, what do we have to do? We have to deal with two-step barriers. Firstly, we have to deal with two-step barriers that work. First one is the lack of adequate infrastructure. The lack of adequate infrastructure is there. But, and the second and much problematic is that of changing the rigid mindset of teachers, as well as students. Students say that they are a digital native, but it is not necessary that all the students are from techno. And they are accepting that yes, it has potentiality, we have to accept it. So, this is more difficult, that will be done through funding. But how will this happen? We need a change in the mindset. Leave your rigidity. And then, lack of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on the part of teachers to become updated. There is no intrinsic or extrinsic motivation that we have to become updated. That is what is going on. As those who have got permanent status in job, become reluctant to learn something new, and those who are in search of job may not get enough resources and back up to join these forces. Right? Those who have permanent status think that what is our job, what is our safety, what will we learn. And those who do not have a job, do not have funding resources to join these forces, so that they can be updated, skilled, generally. But there are always exceptions or always everywhere. And then, conclusion. How can we conclude this topic? Present the rise of industrial revolution 4.0. Hence, educational system must upgrade itself to education 4.0, so that our graduates can become industry ready. We always talk about there is a gap. There is a gap that industry demands and which we produce. That is why there is so much unemployment. Otherwise, the number of viewers or graduates is increasing day by day. So why so much unemployment? Because what we are creating, what we are doing, what we are giving to the industry, are those industries ready? Not at all. There is transformation required at each level. Hence, a lot of strategic planning and funding is required for such shift in paradigm. And if we fail to do so, then we remain producing obsolete graduates who are skilled to be unemployed. We will continue to create graduates who are skilled for whom they remain unemployed. But if we can do so, then our graduates become at-part with global standards. Okay. So I have completed a general topic today, Education 4.0. And thank you. And don't forget to like and subscribe my channel, Explore Education. Enjoy my Telegram Group 2. Okay. Done from my side.