 Good evening, everybody. Can everybody hear me okay? If you can hear me okay, can you just quickly chat and put a message into chat to say that everything is okay? Perfect. Thank you, Prithu. First of all, welcome everybody. It's great to be here. And it's a very significant evening for myself as a very proud Irishman that we are celebrating this gathering on our national holiday of St. Patrick's Day. So we look forward to spending the next hour or so with you to discuss a topic that is not just incredibly important to my little island, but I'm sure where you're from and in terms of Mauritius. And before we begin, what we want to do this evening is just to give you a bit of background in terms of where the project has come from, where we're going and just to give you a sense of this is the first of three webinars. And, you know, with anything in life when you begin something new, you have feeding problems. So bear with us if there's any technological issues or anything like that, but I'm sure we'll get there together. And we can flesh through where we're going in terms of the recommendations, but also some of your reflections. And indeed the title of the session this evening is very much symbolic of what we're trying to achieve, not just through the research project, but over the next couple of webinars. And we see it very much as a dialogue with the diaspora and with the community. So colleagues will go through some house rules and do in due course, but very simply, you know, feel free to use the chat. Please engage with each other and with the panelists and most importantly also if you have any questions to answer please let just use the Q&A function. And using those two functionalities will help you interact and engage with the sessions hopefully. So we're also being streamed live on Facebook. So if you are speaking or engaging with questions please just remain cognizant of the fact that that will be streamed live. And as they say in Ireland just mind our P's and Q's to make sure that we respect everybody on the call. So at that point, you know, I'd love to hand over to our colleagues at IOM if they're online and have access to the speaking platform. Just to share some welcoming remarks on the project just to let you know where the project has come from, what has been driving the research, and most importantly where we're going with it, which we'll address in the recommendations. So I'll hand over to Tanya for now I believe I also see Selim who may like to say a few words. So Tanya, I'll hand to you. Great. Thank you very much, Martin. Welcome everyone so just before I go over the background of the research and the project. I would like to invite to our head of office was on the call today. Thank you very much, Tanya. Good evening, everyone. It's a real pleasure for me to be here with you tonight. Thank you so much for joining us from wherever you are or all over the world. So I guess it's the beauty of technology now we are able to interact virtually. And it's a it's a real pleasure for us. So I won't be very long. I just wanted to say thank you to the ones who have already participated in the survey and to you also for contributing to today's discussion. So we will have a presentation of the key findings of this survey. And we really want to hear more from you from your ideas and what you think about the findings and how we could really focus our energy for the next steps because this is just the beginning and we really want to engage more with the Mauritian diaspora. It's a great potential. A lot is done already and we are here really to support this initiative. So, without being too long, I will hand over back to Tanya to say a few words about the project that has been conducted. And so that you have a better understanding of the overall framework to thank you very much and enjoy. Thank you Celine. Well, thank you for that. Just before we jump into the main part of the event which is much interesting about like the recommendations. I would just like to quickly give you a quick overview of the project. So, as some of you are already aware, I can see some of you were already part of approach of the consultation so from October to December 2020 last year. So we, IOM conducted a series of consultations in the free pilot countries which were Canada, Australia and the UK with the overall objectives to strengthen the relations between the diaspora, you and Mauritius. So now we have finalised the results of these consultations and we are pleased to hold this series, this diaspora series and welcome you, members of the diaspora for the first, for the very first session to present the recommendations of these consultations and here from you, as Mauritius mentioned, what will be considered as priority to you and so we can better support this program and initiatives for diaspora engagement. I also joined Celine in sincerely thanking the members of the advisory group. Some of you are on the call today in these free pilot countries for all their efforts, for all your efforts, your contribution despite the pandemic which made this project a success as well as all the diaspora who participated in the interviews and completed the service. I wish also to extend my thanks to Dr. Martin Russell and Ms. Amira Aditi who are on the call today who most of you I think already know. So the IOM researchers who have conducted the research and have also worked on the recommendations. So, thank you very much for your support on that and thank you for more things for being here today on St. Patrick's Day. I will just quickly go over the agenda. So, Martin and Amira will just go over the recommendations and then we wish to hear from you so we'll have a Q&A section, a Q&A board of the session so your feedback is almost welcome. Then we will conclude and just before we start, so I'll just go over a couple of house rules. So, your mic should be automatically muted while your speaker is presenting but just in case this doesn't occur, please ensure that your mic is muted when someone is speaking and feel free to make comments in the tag box. As Martin said, please stay respectful to all participants and attendees in your comments. You can also ask questions in the Q&A section and we'll try to answer all the questions but just in case. One, we will also do one-to-one sessions afterwards with the researchers so Amira will provide the link in the tag box as well. Please note that the webinar will be live streams on Facebook so please bear this in mind and I would just like to thank you for your cooperation and I will give the floor to Amira and Martin. Thank you. Yeah, I fell into the trap of being muted which I think is one of the things sadly of the last 12 months is that you're on mute, please unmute. First of all, just to echo what Tanja and Celine have said and to place our tanks on record for the IOM team as well. We'll speak about that more in a moment but even the commitment tonight and to thinking of the three different time zones and sessions that we're having tonight and over the weekend is to try to reach out to as many diverse geographies as we can within the diaspora but I'm conscious that it's I think it's 11.10pm for Tanja and Celine and the team and Tanvi so thank you for being here so late in the evening. So let's get to it and before I begin a deep dive in the sense of the recommendations and some of our reflections from the research. You know I just have to pause for a moment to allow my colleague, Ms. Amira Jetty, to quickly introduce herself because we see a lot of her in the chat and you'll hear a lot from her later on in terms of facilitating conversations. So Amira maybe you just want to give a quick background and it's an overview of how we collaborated on the project that's helpful. Hello everyone. It's a pleasure to be here today in this first webinar as Martin was saying it's kind of a pilot and we have two more lined up. It's great to see some of the diaspora members that we have actually spoken to with Martin and the development of the report and the recommendations and your suggestions have been very helpful throughout the time. I want to work together with my colleague Martin on that report and we'll continue collaborating in the field. And it's always a pleasure to talk to all of you and a special thanks go to members of the advisory board as well. Thank you so much of the time I think it's best we go straight ahead to the presentation and then basically we can talk through the questions and answers that you may have as we go. Thank you all. Perfect. And just to reaffirm whether you're part of the webinar platform on Zoom or you're looking at through this through Facebook please engage. We want to hear your comments. We want to hear your hopefully positive comments. You know if you have some concerns that's okay too. We can talk through that and just let you know that you can comment and engage either through the platform directly in terms of being on the webinar but also through the Facebook page. And I think there was a question from she or direction just to share the link for the for the Facebook stream so if we could share that in the chat as well it would be very helpful. So if we can just begin to share the screen please and we can begin to go through the main event in many ways the sense of recommendations and where we go from here. So, as I said, can you give us a bit of background in terms of where the project has come from where it is and where it's going. And before we went to do the real detail of the presentations I'm also acutely aware that I have a very strong Irish accent. So if you don't understand anything that I say just please last ask me to clarify or just give a little nudge in the chat box and we're more than happy to clarify. This evening is in many ways to give the first view of some of the preliminary findings of the research, and I think it's only to do care and do purpose that having the diaspora give up so much of their time. I don't know the advisory groups that we talk about more in a moment, but also people that took time out of their days to sit down and do the surveys and the help the project in different areas I think it's only fair that we have these sessions to sit with the people that these are some of our reflections, but also these are some of the recommendations that we think the diaspora have identified internally as a community, the colleagues and Mauritius have also helped us to identify and look at that wider question of how do we actually build this framework and how do we build that interaction in a in a more coherent and systematic way if you will. So if you just move to the next slide, just to give you a sense of where this is going and you know why now for diaspora engagement and the beauty of it is, and I think it's a sign of why the research was incredibly timely and important is that there's a very significant global movement happening in terms of engaging with diaspora communities. The front page of the economist article that you mentioned is that that that you see is actually about a decade ago, I believe. And what's been really interesting over the last decade or so is that there's been an explosion of interest from not just governments but civil society actors the private sector charity and philanthropic foundations to really look at one of these amazing growth areas if you think about obviously the last 12 months has been a little bit of a barrier to this but preceding that you just have just increased mobility of people moving around the world and what's really interesting for I'm sure an organization such as IOM, but for your own story as a diaspora is that you know the number of international migrants in the world is just growing phenomenally. And the beauty of it in terms of diaspora engagement is that when we talk about diaspora, it's a bit of a broader concept than just migrants or migration so we're actually talking about you know maybe second generation, third generation. So as you begin to shape that there's something very powerful in it and I think this article from the economist as I say when this was on the front page of the economist, that's when the world really began to take notice. So that's part of the reason of why we're looking at this now not just for Mauritius globally and research and data tells us for example that there's over 100 countries in the world that are trying to develop some form or have developed some form of institutional framework to engage with their people abroad. I just wanted to give you that scene setter to let you know that there's something much bigger happening here than I think it's a perfect time through this research and some of the recommendations to make sure Mauritius is part of that conversation and indeed hopefully in time leading it. And as I say I come from a very small island which is a dot on a global map where an island off an island. But what we realize for example is that we have a global family that are willing to step up and help when the time is right. So if we move to the next slide please mirror what we begin to look at and why we begin to look at this for many different reasons and as I say your entry point can vary. So whether you're a member of the diaspora whether you're working for a government or an organization whether that be for profit or nonprofit. What's begun to emerge in the sectors and understanding that there's a concept of diaspora capital. And if you look at the quote here in terms of definition refers to the resources available to a country region city location or organization and is made up of people networks finance ideas attitudes and concerns for their place of origin ancestry or affinity. So what what we're basically saying here and this is to give you a sense of sorts of somehow if the research was actually shaped and how we came to came to be in terms of the recommendations. What we're realizing is that you have this diverse talent and diverse opportunity in a sense of what can actually be hermest from diaspora engagement, or most importantly network from diaspora engagement. So, one of the questions that we had very early on for ourselves was, you know, what are we actually looking at in terms of Mauritian diaspora capital and trying to figure that out. And if we move to the next slide, we will give you a sense of what we're actually trying to look at in terms of the research. If we move too quickly or too slowly it's always difficult to gauge on online platform and a webinar for forum. So please just keep engaging with with questions and comments and we're happy to clarify. But setting the scene for the research, there was a couple of categories of questions that we had to kind of look at. And the first three questions that we have in this slide are essentially the baseline questions that you have to ask in terms of diaspora engagement. And that is, who are your diaspora, how do you define them. And that's incredibly important when you think about the type of activities that you want to engage with your diaspora, who are you actually talking about. The second is, where are your diaspora. And for this project, because it was a pilot research project we look at treat we looked at three key countries, we looked at Australia, Canada and region in the United Kingdom. So that question of who are they, where are they, and then most importantly, what are they doing. And to give you a sense of somebody, the feedback and we'll be all very open and honest and frank and this is not a reflection just on Mauritius is the same in many, many different countries. Sometimes to generate that data, it can be quite difficult for governments and diasporas to come together to share that type of data. The question is then who become the knowledge partners who become the research partners to begin to unlock those type of questions and those type of answers. And that's where we became from in terms of this research trying to figure out who read a diaspora, where are they, and what are they doing. Then we had some design questions. And it was something that a colleague of ours in the diaspora in the UK said to us quite clearly very early on. The question should be how can Mauritius support the diaspora. And that will lead to the second question of how the diaspora can support Mauritius, but it's a really interesting way of thinking about in terms of that mutuality, or that mutually beneficial relationships. So that was the spirit of the research in the sense of having that duality of purpose and benefit. A very simple question and I think what really excited us about the research was that that was very much listening exercise. What we wanted to look at was what are the aims, concerns, needs, and hopes of the Mauritian diaspora. And let's, let's be clear what we're hoping through this research is that this is the beginning of that listening exercise. And you'll see from the recommendations that there's much more that needs to maybe happen in the future to really develop that. And finally, what are the interests of the diaspora for the future relationship with Mauritius. You get that type of data and you try to, you never get a full picture, but you get a good enough picture. In many ways, then you have to begin to think of how well how do we actually make this work. And how do we do it in a way that serves not just Mauritius but also the diaspora and everybody that needs to be involved in terms of the institutional framework. So we began to ask the type of questions of what policies, programs or projects can be shaped in the short and midterm to link back to what we found out in the design questions. Ask very simple but very important questions of well what is the role and responsibility of each stakeholder in that work, including the diaspora and thinking through that piece. And most importantly, how can we build a better culture of diaspora engagement than Mauritius, because I think what was interesting for us and hopefully I'm not speaking out of her in here in terms of speaking on behalf of all of us as researchers. What was really fascinating to us is that there was an incredible strong desire from the Mauritian diaspora to get engaged and be actively engaged or perhaps just more engaged in terms of beyond what they're doing now. So I think that's why we started as researchers and what were those mechanisms. So let's move to the next slide and begin to get into some of that and to give you a sense of how we did the research. So to give you a quick snapshot of some methodological outputs and I'm a boring academic in her so I can talk about methodologies all day but I think I put everybody to sleep. The big, the big contextual setting of this study and this research was that it was developed in the context of the global pandemic. It's very clear to us at the very at the very early stages of the research as nothing was really set in stone in terms of international mobility, but you could travel and things like that to meet with the community that we needed really strong local ownership of the project in the pilot countries that we were looking at. So we created three Mauritian diaspora survey advisory groups. They'll all be listed in the report as promised I think I see some people on the call tonight that part that were part of these groups and to be to be brutally frank the project would not have been possible without the work and leadership of these people. They gave up their time for free, they engage they opened their networks they opened their hearts towards them anyway so we want to place a very strong thank you to everybody that was involved in that. They were incredible. So as what we began to do them was also to begin to map out organizations whether there are some very formal organizations in the Mauritian diaspora are particularly in the 21st century. There's a leaning towards more digital networks and online networks so we began to do the desk research there. And as was mentioned, we also develop surveys and stakeholder interviews so we began to talk to as many people as we could. Again, in the context of not having the ability to go meet physically with with the community. So, as we move into the recommendations and what we're going to talk about for the next five, 10 minutes before we open up the floor for conversation if we just move to the next slide please America. These are just some general reflections on the research that that work at a top tier level before we actually get into the cold her recommendations of the research. So one of the things that we found, particularly from the data that we generated in the surveys, but but also from the extensive desk research and wider consultations with the community is that the diaspora is very much gendered and generation. And mainstreaming gender and diaspora engagement is critically important, giving the where values and the type of values that the diaspora spoke to us for what they want to see happen for the future of the country but also the future of the diaspora. And that generational pieces is, it might sound very simple to note but it but it's incredibly important to think about. And I think what we heard from the diaspora quite a bit was that, you know, some had a little bit of a nervousness about the next generation and subsequent generations connections with Mauritius and how do we hear this and how do we shape more meaningful connectivity. And I think what's really interesting for us in the spirit of the research, we spoke quite a bit to understanding the relationship of the diaspora to Mauritius to true a sense of Mauritianness. And I think when you think about that as a concept and when you begin to think about it across generations, what's really interesting is that how next generations and younger members of your diaspora might represent or connect with their sense of Mauritianness, it's really fundamentally different to what would happen 10, 15, 20, 25 years ago, particularly without the role of technology back in the day as prevalent as it is now. I think that brings us to the second point in terms of what we found very simply and very bluntly was that the diaspora was incredibly committed to Mauritius and incredibly connected, once we sat down and spoke with them and I think they were both here and there. And I think there was a couple of events that happened along the cycle of the project that kind of elevated that. And I think the third point that we want to speak to, I think this is a very important thing to note. And the data backs this up, not just the data in the service but the data from the desk research and particularly from census data and the key countries that we looked at. There's a very strong capacity and propensity in the community to engage the story of Mauritian diaspora, living globally or at least the countries that we identified and worked with is one of over the achievement and one of significant potential when you think about what can be built. So I think it's about telling that story more at a very simple level and being much more clear and visible in the actual impact to the community it's incredible when you look at the data. And let's be frank, let's be honest, we heard some tough things as well in the research where when you sit down and talk with diasporas, you will hear some tough things, and particularly when we talk about that relationship between diaspora and government. So, as I mentioned earlier in the presentation, the research was also being conducted at the time of the tragic oil spill and there were some discontent and discord in many ways and from the diaspora but I think we have to fund up to that reality and not let it be a fundamental barrier to engagement but a space in which we can actually begin to use that energy and that heightened almost visibility of the community to think about how do we engage much more structurally. But this is just a commitment to everybody on the call that gave up their time and maybe told us some of these more sensitive issues and concerns that the research has not shied away from those issues we've addressed them and we spoke into them. And I think as I mentioned earlier about immutuality of purpose, what was really interesting to me, I think is that at its core the diaspora is just cares about Mauritius, and that's shown true in a lot of the calls and data that we generated. I think what's also interesting is that if we develop an ethics of care from Mauritius to the diaspora on the other side of the relationship something quite special could be built. So stick with us we're getting to the recommendations if we just keep going there's one more slide before the recommendations I believe so the next slide please America. So on many ways did the research and had a couple of next steps to make, if you will, and a couple of very small steps on one level but very important about thinking, not just in the short term but in the long term. And as I mentioned the question was how do we build a culture or system of diaspora engagement to successfully engage the diaspora, given what we were for what we found out and what we what we learned. What we would recommend is that the government would have the role of a facilitator of diaspora engagement and create a conducive environment to build that system that we spoke about. Let's talk about the ethics of care already, but these were the foundational principles that that really shaped the work and I want to be clear with everybody is that what what we will see in the research report when it when it's made public for for people to read and much more detail is into these topics in much more detail and in terms of not just recommendations but the key steps to achieve it. So everything around governance of diaspora engagement right through to how do you actually further strengthen the community and how do you build those networks. But these were the founding principles out of the foundational principles of where we will go with the recommendations. So here's the the exciting part, if we move to the next slide. So the recommendations when we talk about the system of their engagement, we essentially see four strands of recommendations. And we see these strands almost a cycle where the challenge for the research or the opportunity ahead of us more importantly is to both is to look both inward in terms of in Mauritius and to see what needs to happen, but also to look externally. Not just in terms of diaspora, but also in terms of where the aims the needs and the concerns and the hopes of the diaspora are, and how do we build that system out. So these are the four strands, institutional and leadership development so that's looking inward, if you will, in terms of the institutional apparatus and I'm building leadership in Mauritius to develop diaspora engagement strand two is on social and cultural capital. We saw this as very much the glue of what the diaspora have been involved in and most importantly, for a lot of the diaspora we heard again and again of increased engagement with diplomats, for example, and embassies and consulates and wanting to build that system. So what we're going to look at in that strand is is also the diplomas of diaspora engagement and how you build that through social and cultural capital, but particularly to public diplomacy and cultural diplomacy. Strand three is looking at diaspora human capital program and this is another way of thinking about what type of skills transfer or engagements kind of diaspora get involved with for the development of Mauritius because the data told us very clearly that this was one of the key areas of interest for the diaspora, and they saw it as a way and even just in terms of your more sharp to midterm engagement with Mauritius as a key area of interest for the community. And the final strand is looking at the economic capital program. So if we move to the next slide and this will be maybe what people would like to consider or maybe to have a conversation about. These are the key recommended recommended actions within each strand. So the reason why we built it this way is a sense of we see these three activities per strand as quite manageable types of initiatives and development programs. What's also interesting for us is that they map back on to what the diaspora have told us in either to the interviews or to the data of the surveys and the desk research of existing initiatives or programs of where we think success can happen in terms of diaspora engagement. So if we go back to the perfect manner. So, looking in terms of institutional leadership development. We have recommended that and this was in planning anyway the creation of a diaspora cell. I think by establishing that it gives a policy and an institutional apparatus to really showcase the importance of diaspora engagement to the government. And most importantly, what's really challenging from a government perspective on diaspora engagement is that it cuts across so many different ministerial portfolios. And indeed it also includes the private sector that also includes people like the media sector and education and different sectors whether they're universities and so on. So the question is how do you actually build that collaboration at an institutional level so so that's the first recommendation. And then this around the training program for the government of Mauritius. And I think what's really interesting for us is that this training process is something back to where we began in the presentation of what's actually happening globally. And how is this done well, but most importantly how is that applied back into the local context of Mauritius and the Mauritian diaspora. And this is a big one for us in terms of the recommendations of strand one is the development of an of the first ever national diaspora strategy. And the reason why I want to maybe spend a moment on this is that coming back to the conversations that we've had with the diaspora. There are some issues that need to be addressed that will take some form of policy or strategy or legislative discussions. And one of the topics that we heard about again and again was voting rights. And where we see this strategy playing a role is that it creates the space for the diaspora and the government to really iron out what needs to happen and where to have mutual interest. So I think that that just for people on the call that maybe have articulated to us, some of the more sensitive issues are some of the more challenging issues that they see in terms of their relationship. And I'm sure that these type of recommendations are tailored to those issues. The second around social and cultural capital and in many ways diplomatic capital. The first recommendation and these are these are placeholder titles let me be clear we'd love to see the branding of these and the naming of these be locally owned and influenced locally is the first is a Mauritius means campaign. And what we mean by that is it's essentially a public and cultural diplomacy campaign so that the Mauritian diaspora can celebrate their cultural heritage so that they can converse more with diplomats engage more with embassies and consulates but do it in a way that really celebrates and elevates the awareness of the impact of the Mauritian diaspora where they are. And what we see that as leaning in towards and helping with as well is to help the development or further strengthening of Mauritian diaspora organizations or networks. What was fascinating to us in the research is we met incredible people, but not many people were talking to each other even across the three countries that we were working in. And this comes into the second recommendation in a sense of how do we actually build Mauritian diaspora leadership network. I think what's interesting with that type of recommendation is that you can also look at young leaders. You can also look at female leaders and you can begin to build tailored networks that are really influential for the diaspora, but also representative of the diaspora. And the final recommendation in that strand is to bring people together, hopefully, when it's allowed post pandemic and hopefully in the not too distant future to create a diaspora summit. And this is again pointed to the spirit of, yes, there are, there are issues that need to be addressed, but they're not insurmountable, but we need to create a space where people can convene to discuss them. So that's the spirit of those recommendations. The third strand around human capital, they're relatively self explanatory, so I won't spend too much time. But there's been some incredible work done already in terms of building academic networks, for example. It's a unique opportunity to create a fellowship program for Mauritian diaspora. What we heard in the data, for example, was that many of the diaspora are maybe interested in going back for a shorter period of time. Maybe they're not in a position where they want to move back or can move back full time, but they're more than willing to engage in short term placements or fellowships. So that's services that need. Similarly, I think the last 12 months has told us all or maybe taught us all that embracing technology is going to be very important in terms of the type of work that can be done in this area. And the mentorship initiative in our mind is the development of an online mentoring program for the diaspora to engage particularly with emerging talent in Mauritius. And I just want to speak as well. I should have mentioned it maybe earlier that the Mauritius means campaign. We do see the mechanism of the development of a platform there to really build the networking component of it. So hopefully you begin to see that these all begin to fit into each other. And the Mauritius next generation camp directly addresses that issue of the next generation and their sense of connectivity to Mauritius or their sense of belonging to Mauritius, but also their peer to peer networking with their young counterparts in Mauritius as well. So we see that as something that has worked incredibly well elsewhere globally, and we can share examples of that. But it's something that I think a lot of the diaspora would love to see for their for their children. And for the, maybe their children in time was what coming true. And finally, in terms of the diaspora economic program or capital program. The first area we looked at quite obviously for Mauritius was around tourism. I say this as somebody that has spent most of their last 10 years living on the suitcases traveling the world. I think a lot of diasporas are pretty kind of ready to pack the bags and get back home as soon as they can. So we see this as well as a type of initiative that can help to direct help the diaspora, maybe also engage or advocate with private sector we heard quite a bit about the cost of travel from Mauritius for example, particularly from colleagues in Australia. So this initiative is actually a way of working across the different sectors and Mauritius to maybe help with those issues, but to essentially run an initiative that will be an open invitation for a certain period of time for the diaspora to come back and try to build incentives in and around that to help the diaspora. One of the things that the data told us also was that the investment journey for the diaspora is probably more in the mid to long term than in the short and mid term. And what they're actually most active in at the moment or perhaps even more most interested in at the moment is engaging through charitable giving or philanthropic giving to social development and nonprofits in Mauritius. So the development of trust fund and we want to be clear on this, we see the idea of a trust fund as something that would need very strong leadership from the diaspora side. In the sense of the management of the fund and how that gets played out, but the report develops that in much more detail so we just wanted to be clear on that. And finally, you know, the data does tell us that there are people in the diaspora that are investing and they do want to invest or they're interested in helping with the entrepreneurial ecosystem back in Mauritius. Another recommendation is the true to creation of a diaspora business competition where we see a couple of key elements to this. One is where entrepreneurs and change makers in Mauritius are open up to access up to people in the diaspora whether that's for investment or whether it's for business connections. What we also see potentially and this will have to be developed in more detail is the potential to have a call of key challenges to be addressed in Mauritius whether they're socio economic social entrepreneurial that the diaspora can develop some solutions to begin to help back home. So that's it. I know I went a little bit over time but I wanted to spend some time to really go through where we've where we've come from. Hopefully, it makes a bit more clear sense in terms of where we are, but just to close with a couple of thank yous I think we just moved to the next slide. We just want to close by saying just a huge thank you to all the advisory group members as I said somewhere on the call. It's been an absolute pleasure to get to know you not just in terms of the professional capacity but for many of you in a very much personal capacity. And I think we've made a lot of Mauritian friends over the last couple of months so we look forward to developing that. But genuinely it would could not have been done without you particularly in the context of the global pandemic and not being able to get engaged. As I mentioned we want to thank everybody that took the time to fill this out you know to share it with their friends whether that's on Facebook or WhatsApp and everything that goes with that. But the final thanks from her and goes to everybody in Mauritius as well that was involved in it, you know, so not just government stakeholders and colleagues who helped along the way, but especially to the IOM but especially to the young lady who opened up the call this evening, Tanya. Tanya has been up at 3am, 5am and this evening 20 minutes to midnight. So we just want to place on record our tanks. I know it's a lot. I know that you know sometimes it can be difficult to engage with everything in this type of format and presentations so we are available for one-to-one calls. This won't be the last that you hear of us, but I'm going to hand back to Amira now because I think she and colleagues have been keeping an eye just on comments and questions and also on Facebook and we'll address some of those. I think we've got some in advance as well that we can discuss. So I'll just hand back to Amira to facilitate that but we just love to hear your immediate reactions and reflections on that and in terms of the recommendations and where you see the big opportunities and indeed some challenges. So thank you for your time. Thank you for your attention and Amira the floor is yours. Thank you Martin for presenting the recommendations and the four strengths. As you noted, we are here definitely to provide more elaboration on the recommendations as well as answer your questions and address your comments. For those of you that are listening to us through Facebook, we're also keeping an eye on comments there. So basically feel free to send us any suggestions or questions you may have. Right now I will quickly check the RQ&A box and questions there as well as comments. Let me see quickly just one second. Yes, so let's go with the first question that we have. Martin, I'll address this one to you. So the first question we got is how do the recommendations help the diaspora build their networks and organizations? Perfect. Great question. I think the challenge that we have, and this is, you know, again this is not unique to Mauritius but it's something that came up in the research quite strongly was that we have many different types of organizations and networks operating across the diaspora. And the difficulty we have for a lot of people who are incredibly courageous to step up and lead these organizations is that they also live very busy lives and these organizations are quite often run in their spare time. So that big question of, you know, how do we actually strengthen those organizations? And I think if you look at the particularly strand one and strand two, in terms of the recommendations, what we'll be looking at there, particularly through the culture and public diplomacy is ways in which we can really understand the needs of those organizations and begin to support them in a much more targeted manner. Because if you want to think about it very, very simply, unless you have that really strong network of diaspora associations or organizations or leaders, you're almost missing out on your distribution channel in terms of trying to engage with your diaspora. So let's back to those questions of who are they, where are they, and what are they doing? So I think that's where we are. And I think what was interesting for us and we're free to share your perspectives because, you know, we kind of worked in different geographical areas. But what was interesting to me is that, you know, that shift towards technology as well. You know, so we have some really well established organizations that do a lot of really fascinating work and have been around for quite some time. What we're also seeing is, you know, for example, student networks at certain universities beginning to pop up. So we have that sense of really strong formal associations, but also informal associations beginning to happen. So what I would say is that within strand one and strand two, that's where we will see the support for the organizations, but I think the earliest part of that coming back to the diplomacy of this is beginning the conversation between government and the diaspora to say, look, this is kind of what we think we need as a community and what we need as organizations to develop. And then you begin to build a tailored program from that. Thanks, Martin. We have quite a bit of questions coming in. So I'll just move forward with the next one. Steve, send a question. Thank you, Steve. Can we share the presentation slides publicly on social media? And I'll answer that quickly just because we are live streaming the event on Facebook, we can definitely also share those slides. I mean, they can be seen throughout the live stream but we can do that as soon as we have the event going now. Another question coming in, Martin, this one is for you, is from Pritam. He asks, were there any big surprises from your research and any similarities, differences across the different countries studied? Great question. I'll come to the surprises in a minute. But I think the interesting pieces are probably the consistencies. Because that gives you a good understanding. And a couple of topics came up again and again. And I think we tried to address them in the presentation as well. There are still some sensitive topics and issues that need to be addressed and the diaspora have some strong views on that. So one topic, for example, that came up across all regions was voting rights. And another was around greater advocacy. And I think, again, as I mentioned, the context of when the research happened in terms of not just the pandemic, but the oil spill as well and Mauritius. So that was quite prevalent, I think, to speak bluntly as a researcher that can either make you nervous or really get you to see the power of the community as well. And I think what was interesting, for example, on commonalities as well, is that in terms of needs are maybe things to provide or to engage with. We heard about the networking piece quite a bit. In a sense of, well, how do we actually build networks across different geographies and how do we how do we network with each other. I think in terms of surprises, I wouldn't say big surprises, but what was interesting to us was again the consistency around particularly human capital and skills transfer and engaging through knowledge to begin with. I think, you know, what was interesting to us from from talking to the diaspora and let's be clear, I think it's fair to say that the the Mauritian community in Australia, in the UK and Canada are at different stages of their own development as as community. So something to watch you could think of happening is that, you know, diasporas that have diaspora communities that have been around for a little bit longer than others. They'd be more inclined in certain areas whether that's for for trade and investment promotion philanthropic purposes. So that sense of everybody kind of asking for the same thing in a very simple way, particularly around the short and midterm, I think was interesting to us. So, again, my simple reflection on this was, you know, it's more about now committing to the long term vision of of actually building the frameworks and the systems to do this. Because I think I speak openly and honestly and I've said this publicly on different platforms for different projects. Sometimes I work in countries where you just cannot see it happening. I cannot see it working for for whatever reason whether that be political whether it be historical or whatever it is. But in this context, I think we have a diaspora that is more than willing and more than capable of standing up and wanting to help the government that that is really beginning to invest in looking and strategically thinking this true. And the challenge and a lot of people on the call that we may have spoken to may have heard me say this over the last couple of months is, well, it's actually the middle ground that we need to build now. And I think what we should be clear with everybody on the call is, you know, we shouldn't be thinking of these recommendations as, you know, a two year, three year kind of play. These are the building blocks of a much longer term vision. And that brings with it a need for some strong political leadership some strong diaspora leadership and going that way. But I would say that the diaspora on the call is, you know, to think of this as a long term perspective. And what we would love to see is that the recommendations that we've made become the first almost five year cycle of work. And that will lead into future recommendations that can develop out of these initiatives. So, I may have gone off track a little bit but I think, you know, those commonalities were something that's shown true to us. And I think I wouldn't say big surprises but what was interesting to us was the clarity of ask in terms of the diaspora in terms of what they were really interested in. There's a follow up question to that from the same attendee. Any thoughts on the timeliness of acting on the recommendations. So what can be done in the short term to keep the momentum going? No, it's a great question. And as I look at my gut reaction in terms of the recommendations that we put forward and the terms of what we're hearing from the community is to think of it as within that kind of four to five year cycle of work. And what you want in many ways is, whilst the internal and institutional pieces being built, the activities externally are beginning to roll out as well because you need to keep that momentum. And I think what's what's interesting for us, and hopefully for people on the call that are living in the diaspora. There's a lot of the recommendations we when we talk about the role of government as a facilitator, for example. Hopefully colleagues on the call will see the opportunities for their organizations or their networks in certain areas. And what we would love to see is the diaspora step up to really drive forward with some of these initiatives as well so whether that for example is the next generation camp or the mentorship program or so what we're trying to do is build the system for the community but also to keep momentum as the question kind of asked very directly is what are the the low hanging fruit if you will, in terms of really engaging. And I think cultural heritage is really important in that context where Russian culture is worldwide known for its diversity and its richness so we can really begin to tell that story in a much more creative way. We can begin to bring the diaspora together through the leadership network at the summit so that momentum is building. And if you have any momentum, you have to, you have to act on it. As many things on the list appear for as you want but I think, you know, to really harness that are really hammer home the momentum will be about doing those additions early on, particularly around strand one is trying to. And again, as I said, please think of it as almost cyclic in the sense of the recommendations on where to go. I think we have a remark rather than a question is from us from UK. She says the overseas Martian society in the UK is happy to link up work with other Martian organizations within the UK and abroad to facilitate spread the diaspora messages. So thank you for that I think that's in line with what you were saying earlier Martin with your point. So there's another question in our Q&A box. So just, yeah, please feel free to send the questions in the box in the Q&A, but also in the chat room if that's easier. It says, have you guys been engaging with affluent Martian diaspora in your research. If yes, are they willing to contribute to Mauritius or creating a network. Look, I think it's, we have to be careful what you mean by affluent, you know, in the sense of upsetting the parameters for that. But the idea of the research was that it was open to everybody. And everybody in the diaspora wanted to have a voice and share their voice they could within the data. You know, we were able to obviously identify for some people if they were willing to share their data to that level in a sense of, you know, earnings and incomes and things like that. So you definitely had an element of the research addressing people that have been successful, but I think speaking back to the data that actually came from the desk research as well of the project. When you look at the impact level of Mauritian diaspora communities in the countries that we looked at in comparison for example to some other diaspora communities in those regions, it's one of great impact. The tagline of this report is to talk about belonging potential and impact and opportunities, you know, and the data backs that up. Now, in terms of are they willing to help. I think a lot already air and are very active in doing it. I think some like most walks of life I say this for the Irish diaspora as well for example, you know some like to have their name up and lights for doing that other people don't want anybody that they're doing it. So I think that that's happening with past most diaspora is probably happening in terms of Mauritius, but the quick answer is yes in the sense of wanting to engage. And I think, you know what we heard quite a bit for example even in response to the humanitarian response to to the oil spill for example was a lot of diaspora was saying well we wanted to engage but the challenge for us was what's the mechanism that we can trust. And what's the, the type of engagement that we can actually roll in with support. So I think that's what we're trying to do in the recommendations is to provide some solutions to that. You know, and to be clear on that, you know, we would love to see a very active role for the for the Mauritian diaspora and helping to design those solutions. I think it has to be done together. So the quick answer is yes and yes, but how you actually go about it will take a bit of time to really flesh through. The next question we have a few more. And so I'll try to keep an eye on all the questions Martin sorry them sending them all your way. That's from Alexander. It says in the press, it has been reported that there are 188,300 Mauritians abroad. What is this figure and how was it estimated a more general question. What are the mandate and objectives of IOM and how does this survey help this perfect perfect just in terms of the figure that that was based from very recent research from the European Union global diaspora facility, for example, and they've produced the fact sheets on diaspora engagement for many different countries around around the globe. So so that figure would have come from the most recent research from from the from those fact sheets. So that's available publicly. So I think if you just Google, you know, the EU DIF, and you'll be able to access it that way. I think it opens up a bigger question and I don't want to get into this because the academic and me could be here all night. And the question is, you know, when you talk about Mauritians living abroad, you know, there could be Mauritian citizens, for example, but what's interesting in terms of diaspora and very subtle difference to just migrants for example you're also talking about different generations, maybe so going beyond. So what what you're actually addressing there is a really important question of, of definition, and how do you define your diaspora and we can go down many different roles in that debate I'm happy probably best we do it offline one to one rather than for everybody on the call from the academic perspective, but I'm more than happy to recommend some good books in it. So did the question sorry the second part about IOM's mandate, I think we have people on the call that much better equipped than I am to answer that, you know, so I don't know whether Celine or Tanya want to jump in on that now, or we can kind of go from there. I can quickly respond to that one. Thank you very much. And thanks for the great questions. So, really in a nutshell so IOM we are an international organization, we are part of the UN system. And our mandate is really to promote safe, regular and orderly migration and to basically support governments and migrant communities to harness migration as a key driver of development so in that sense, diaspora are migrants. And the idea is really to support this community in the development of their host country and also of the home country. It's kind of a win-win situation that we really want to harness so basically, you know, Mauritius is now a high income country there's a lot of development there's a lot of potential. You know, the Mauritians people are a great asset, because as you know, you know, following the independence, a lot of people didn't believe in, you know, in the future of Mauritius and it's the people who have made it what Mauritius is right now. And for future, it's important to still continue to invest in people and that's what we want to also do to really support the government and also the member of diaspora to really fulfill, you know, themselves and to, you know, make those links and to facilitate that. So that's really what we are here for. So we have, you know, we have been supporting the government in engaged further engaging with the diaspora. We have piloted this survey and this whole project with the great support from Emira and Martin and from the team here in Mauritius led by Tania. And we will of course continue to engage. I've seen a few questions also related to the next steps in the future. So perhaps we can go back to that towards the end. Because what is important is that this is just the beginning for us it was important to give a feedback on what we did in terms of the survey, but also to look for the future and the next step. So, I hope I answered the question. If not, I will be happy to provide further clarification. Thanks and back to you, Martin. Perfect. I go back to Emira. Thank you Celine and Martin. Thank you both. I will read through a remark, three remarks actually coming from Shib from Canada. There are approximately 500,000 Mauritian diaspora and 35,000 in Canada and approximately 100,000 in Australia, which is probably the case with the numbers that we don't have statistically on paper right now. There's another question coming in from Pritam again. Were there any insights around work home life choices for the diaspora, and how this could influence future mobility choices for the diaspora and especially with current pandemic around the world. Yeah, it's a great question. I think it's difficult without knowing in much detail when we talk about work life choices and options. I mean, what we did find in the data for example in the report was true it is that there are certain sectors for example, either in terms of where the diaspora are working. And particularly where they may be more interested in giving back to Mauritians are engaging with Mauritians in terms of their focus in terms of that. What was interesting to us was, and I think it's more anecdotal than saying rooted in any hard evidence, because I do want to emphasize that this was very much a pilot research in the sense of the engagement with the community. What we did begin to notice was, for example, an evolution maybe in the type of careers and options of of careers that people are considering you know we did see for example the rise in some entrepreneurial activity as as the community developed and things like that so I think that strikes at in terms of the capacity of the community and where it can get a bit can get involved or maybe want to get involved. So I think there's there's facets of the story that everybody is very well familiar with I think you know there's a very strong record of academic achievement as well, for example within the diaspora and there's some incredibly talented academics for example in the diaspora. So, I think I wouldn't want to be overly prescriptive in a sense of you know given where we are the pandemic and it being so fluid, even as we sit here tonight. Today, wherever you're based in terms of of hosting conversation about where we're going to be in 6 to 12 months and making any major projections on that. But as I say what we do have a good sense of is different to different sectors. We have a good understanding of the facets of that story of historically maybe migration and type of careers that were developed, but we are beginning to see you know some much sort of possibility around, as I say entrepreneurship and things like that so I don't know if that answers the question or not but it's the best understanding that I could get of the question so if not, I'm happy to have a one one one one conversation on it, and and kind of help clarify that way if needs be. Thanks Martin there's a few more questions coming in. And thank you for all the interaction by the way to all the attendees. This is very, very helpful and very useful for us in the next steps forward. This is Pamela. She says I'm very happy to see the outcome of the hard work you all put in. I'm so skeptical as to how this report and it's finding will really be assessed and by which government body. We have seen through time the diaspora has been engaging but we could not be heard. How will that change now. And then she also says happy St. Patrick's Day. I think that's directed to you Martin. So happy St. Patrick's Day today. Perfect. Perfect. And look, I think maybe, you know, maybe Tanya, I think we're kind of organically going towards the section of kind of next steps that I think that Celine mentioned in the sense of, you know, where does it go from here. So look the good news and it's in the public domain is that the recommendations of the research were recently agreed for implementation by cabinet in Mauritius and maybe Celine or Tanya wants to speak more to how these projects are developed and set up and run and how the government colleagues and how we go through that process with them. So when we talk about the establishment of the diaspora cell, for example, we see that as very important to just give a significance at an institutional level, for example, for so you know the natural home for that will be within foreign affairs or the equivalent thereof in terms of foreign affairs and basing it there. So that's where the consideration and the application will come. And I think where we are going next is to really develop a detailed action plan from these recommendations and this is why we're keen to talk even more with the diaspora in many ways is to get a sense of, you know, what are the nuts and bolts now of really making these achievable because I'm conscious that, you know, this is the first time that many in the diaspora are seeing these recommendations they're hearing about them. So rest assured that these will be developed in much more detail in terms of the action plan, and I'm putting in place those steps and mechanisms to make sure that everything that needs to be addressed whether that's the role of the diaspora in designing these and getting involved in the leadership of it and the governance and the transparency and communication system that go with this. So all the moving pieces will be put together in that way. So that's the best I have in that question. It's a tough question but I think we may be coming to that stage now where, you know, we talk about what's coming next because I think that's essentially it, you know, but I'm not sure if Tanya or Celine would like to kind of step in from the perspective of working on a more day to day basis with the government as well. Sure, I can say a few words but basically you've really submit everything, summarize everything. So indeed it's a project and it's an initiative also implemented in collaboration with the with the government of Mauritius and more specifically with the foreign affairs. And the idea is indeed to set up a diaspora cell. So initially this was supposed to be done last year but because of the COVID it was a bit delayed but hopefully it will be done perhaps later this year, or maybe sooner. But the engagement from the government is here so we are making a lot of progress and the next step are really really important now because what we really don't want is just to do the survey and then that nothing happens. So that's why we are now working on this action plan so that we can put those recommendations into actions. That's also where we really need you and we that's also the reason of those three webinars and you know the different bilateral discussion that you can have with both Amy Ryan Martin, so that you can also give us your views your ideas, what you are for or against. And as Martin said there are like good things less good things we are open to everything, as long as it's something that is constructed and we can build upon so that we can like build the future together it's, we know it's a long, it's a long road, it's not a straight road, but we are committed to go along this road together with you members of the diaspora and to support you and also with the government because it's really a partnership that is being built now. So, I think that's all I can say for now if you want more information of course we can also perhaps provide more but I hope that answers the question. Thank you. And I think just to just to reemphasize that you know please think of this webinar hopefully colleagues that have been involved in the process today from the diaspora will be able to confirm this you know we're very open. And we want to talk to as many people as we can so we've shared the link earlier in the sense of, you know, if you want to have a one to one conversation with us, you know, please take up that option, you know, let us know we will do it you know and there's a lot of problems so we're more than happy to facilitate that. So, that's the spirit on which this research was developed and we'd love to see that continue you know that we're coming to the stage as Celine so bringing things into action. On that note Martin just to add so we've shared the same on Facebook so for those attending but for also those that could not attend or are just watching the live stream. So I think we need to basically book a time for to talk to us and just provide us with your suggestions feedback recommendations or simply questions. We're more than happy to do that. There's two more questions I see, and we'll be checking Facebook in the meantime, just in case I think this session is very lively and interactive so that's very good. Yes, what are the insights about the diaspora and its relationship to the Mauritian citizenship. And it comes from Alexander again. Yeah, so look, this was one of the issues for example that that came up across all different regions, and I'm very free free to speak because I'm conscious that people maybe secret having my voice at this stage. But also, I think what we're talking about earlier on maybe some some issues that come up in terms of legislative reform and engaging on that issue around citizenship and some of the technicalities for example in and around that were something that many in the in the that came up with again and again. So I think it's that's one of those issues, as I said that I think it needs to be needs to be addressed at some point along the engagement journey. As Celine kind of articulated in terms of that that they're walking along the journey together. You know, those issues of, and I think this is this again quite boring in many ways this comes back to that issue of definition. You know and I think what's what's interesting is that there are certain kinds of engagement and this is again not unique to Mauritius but generally in terms of the actual engagement. I'm not sure we heard about was voting rights, for example, but if you take a very inclusive definition to your diaspora that can make certain people back home very nervous about the idea of a huge voting kind of block coming in and making decisions. We have a very similar situation in Ireland we were referring them coming up and allowing the Irish diaspora to vote. You know, sort of certain types of engagement that you need a more narrow focus in the sense of your definition but other initiatives where you want to be much more inclusive. So it's an issue that needs to be addressed but that's where the action time comes in again it's about how do we layer that across and build it structurally across, but Amira do you have any reflections on that in the sense of your calls are. No, I totally agree. I think it's probably the same same points that you're making right now. I'm conscious of time and I'm looking at all the questions that are coming in. I think that we have time for two more questions, but I think we will probably consider wrapping up soon. Again, thanks for all the interaction. It's very useful and helpful to hear all the comments and we are led by you as Celine and Martin is saying so basically feel free to contact us even beyond these three webinars that we're holding. There is a comment from Pamela I think on the answers provided by you Martin and Celine. I think it would have been good that everyone who participated in that survey should have been aware that this was a collaborative research project between I am and the government of Mauritius. I think that Pamela this was the case indeed I think myself and Martin and and Tonya and Celine were even part of a few radio shows where we have made that elaboration and same goes to the invitations for surveys sent to the diaspora members and to the research interviews that we had we've made sure to point that out and we'll make sure to keep doing that in the future. I think as well if it's helpful at this point you know I think as Celine was speaking that that's more around the project collaboration as well. I mean I do want to get across that this research was independent. And something that needed to be independent you know because as we said there are some sensitive issues. So, you know everything that we've said in terms of, you know, the independence of the research has been adhered to, you know, so please don't have any concerns about that. Of course trying to the recommendations are trying to inform and help not just the government but and the diaspora, but the actual research itself, and the independent nature of it is very much, you know, kind of, as was described in the project I think Celine has our hand up so she may want to make a point on that. Yes indeed no thank you very much I think it's a very important point to emphasize on indeed it's been clearly mentioned so that there is no surprise or anything. But it's important to know that yes the overall project is implemented in collaboration with the government that the research was meant to be independent because we know that some of the issues are sensitive. Some of the comments was about you know the approximative number of diaspora members, there's no data there's no way to collect the data it's something that is extremely complicated not just in Mauritius in like most countries, it's very difficult to have diaspora register and give you information and the point here is not to make a census of the diaspora and to get you know personal information but really to build this relationship and you know the confidence so having this kind of research conducted independently by I went through I went but by independent researcher was was a key key thing. So when we say that the research was anonymous. It is I really stress that that it is we don't we're not interested in like individuals opinion but rather you know in like the overall result and the recommendations so that we can move forward and again the collaboration with the government is key because in moving forward we need the government when we are talking about you know setting up some schemes and facilities it's very important to have the government also contributing. And of course we will also engage with the private sector to see how we can also further strengthen the relationship and see how there can be this kind of a partnership so yes over. Thank you. Let's let's answer one more question and we should probably close it now and go to the closing remarks and the next steps and thinking about the future. It's from Christian. It says the thing is with the second confinement in Mauritius it has been noted that merchants are reaching the diaspora for help. I would like your views on that are merchant diaspora willing to help. Thank you for your question. You know and look let me be let me be clear we saw it in maybe a different context just in the sense of you know as I mentioned noise but not to keep going on about it but that was you know very much a humanitarian reaction and I think that humanitarian reaction is happening again and I think what we're seeing globally not just the Mauritius is that the pandemic and this might sound really strange but I think the pandemic is actually reawaken. It's kind of diaspora and their understanding and connection at home and wanting to engage. So I wouldn't, you know, be nervous about saying that I'm sure the majority of the Mauritius diaspora really want to help. It's about those those mechanisms to do it, you know, so whether that can be built as quickly as needs to be to help with the, the most recent lockdown which I think kind of happened at the beginning maybe three or four days ago. That is a challenge but I think you know what's interesting around that wider diaspora humanitarianism humanitarianism framework is that I am I am colleagues in Washington I believe we're actually developing something there as well so it's something that is happening not just in Mauritius but more broadly. So that's the spirit of the research as well as to make sure that Mauritius is really kind of driven and positioned within these wider discussions and debates that are happening as well. So, again, I can't give you a specific example but my goodness thing tells me that the diaspora more than willing to help the data historically has told us in terms of giving charitably and get engaging philanthropically is one of the kind of the easiest and most reactive discussions that I asked was engaged so I'd imagine that that could work in this area as well. Thanks Martin. We've got a few more comments of praise. Thanks for that. We're trying to organize these webinars in the most transparent ways and get feedback from your end, but please be critical as possible. We definitely welcome that. I have just re-send the link for one-to-one interviews should you want to continue talking to us and address any points that you may have. Please feel free to do that also on the Facebook page or three emails and please feel free to actually send the word out there of outreach for our two other webinars. One is happening on Saturday and another one on Sunday in case your friends from diaspora of various countries or your own that could not participate in this webinar would like to attempt those. All the information is already posted on our Facebook page but we will also send out reminder emails to all of you. I think we can close the Q&A session Martin. As far as the last remarks I want to invite Tanya, Celine or yourself Martin if there's anything that we would like to point out as we close this webinar. I just want to say thank you to everybody on the call for their time and interaction. These are tough gigs in a sense of doing it on platforms like this. So the fact that you have so many questions and comments tells us that there's something very active to be challenged here. So I genuinely want to say thank you to everybody that has helped us. As you mentioned, it's the first of three so join us on Saturday and Sunday. And I want to say thank you to you Emera for facilitating your much better than I am at these things so wouldn't have been possible without you. So we'll hand to Tanya or Celine whoever wants to jump in to send us off into the evening. Okay, we'll do quickly just to thank everyone for their really interesting and engaging questions and all the insights so again joining my voice to Emera please do not hesitate to book you know one to one you know sessions to further discuss, or if you prefer sending emails like the medium that you prefer will be ours no problem will adapt. The most important for us is really to hear from you. I think that the motto of this survey was cause it on day so it's it really it's really what it is. So really don't hesitate. And yes over to Tanya for the final word thanks. Thank you Celine. I think you just mentioned what I wanted to say as well is like going going back to the consultations our motto tagline was like cuisine with on day. So we want to hear from you and reflect your feedback in our work so do not hesitate to reach out to us and thanking you again for taking the time to join us today. Thank you. Perfect. Shall we say good evening. Good evening to all and have a good one. Have a good St. Patrick's Day for the sake of Martin. Have a good one. Take care.