 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in the industry and more today's topic in pyrotechnics is SEO integration. So we keep implants in bonds to support the artificial processes or artificial tooth. So when we lose a tooth, we can keep an implant to support a tooth. So what happens when we place an implant in an empty socket? There should be an interlocking between this implant and the bone because sometimes it will be a lot bearing area such as in posterior region, sometimes it will not be a much lot bearing area. Still there has to be a bonding between the bone and this implant. Otherwise what happens? There will not be a good prognosis of the procedure. Ultimately this will get removed from the socket because of the implantitis or the fibrous interlocking between these two. If there is no proper interlocking, there is no proper integration between the bone and this implant, this will ultimately fail. So today's topic is about the interlocking between this implant and the bone that is SEO integration. That is the integration between bone and the implant surface. So let's learn about SEO integration in detail. So SEO integration is defined as a direct contact between a vital bone and the implant surface without interposition of a fibrous connective tissue. So the bone and the implant will be joined. If we face a problem of fibrous connective tissue which is known as fibro-ocious integration. So that is fibro-ocious integration. That is there is no proper interlocking between these two. Instead of the bone joining there will be a fibrous tissue which will not be adequate for to bear a masquerade force. So only these two are possible. One could be fibro-ocious integration and the true integration that is a ocious integration. SEO integration is nothing but as I told an intimate contact between the bone and implant without any known bone tissue between these two. It's nothing but bone and implant. So we have post surgical immobilization phase that is after the surgery or after we keep implant to a certain period we immobilize this that to allow the proper SEO integration and to avoid the post surgical complications. So only bone cells may fill the gap and proliferate towards the implant surface. So bone cells will be proliferating towards the implant surface. So at the same time they may be expected to replace bone cells that have undergone necrosis as a result of surgical trauma. So there will be a necrosis of the bone cells because of the surgical trauma. So that also will be replaced. So bone grows around the ridges and grooves of the implant. So implant will be having if this is implant there will be ridges and grooves. This ridges this grooves and this ridges. So there will be the growth of these bone towards the ridges and grooves of the implant. So among the metals the titanium. The titanium shows the best SEO integration compared to the other metals used for implant. So titanium is the most preferred one. So when titanium is placed in the bone there will be continuous remodeling of the bone occurs and also there will be interface which consists of titanium, dioxide and a protein which is known as glycosaminoglycane. And the nature of bone and implant interface which depends on the structure and nature of the bone of the recipient side. A much higher degree of intimate contact with lamellar or mineralized bone may be expected when the implant is placed into a compact bone as compared to the cancelled bone. So always the compact bone is good for implant rather than the cancelled one. So this is the OCO integration concept that is a direct contact without any interface that is without any fibrous tissue between these two. But what about fibro OCOs integration? It is nothing but a contact established between the bone and implant with the interposition of a healthy dense collagenous tissue. There will be collagenous tissue. Collagenous tissue is present in fibro-ocious integration. So in this soft tissue such as fibres and cells are seen between the implant and bone surface and such fibres tissue has been called as pseudo pyridontal ligament. Actually this is not good for implant which will not be very good attachment apparatus as it we have seen in OCO integration. So what are the factors affecting OCO integration that is the biocompatibility of implant and the design of implant and the surface condition of implant and the bone condition, the technique we use for surgery and the amount of stress on implant. All these factors affect the OCO integration process. All these are good enough then there will be proper OCO integration. So that's all about the OCO integration and fibro-ocious integration. So it's a small topic but the implant and the surgical procedure is a very vast topic but this is commonly asked in university exam. So all you need to draw a nice picture and write about the two concepts OCO integration and fibro-ocious integration. This is actually pseudo pyridontal ligament. The proper one is OCO integration and don't forget about the titanium and the compact bone. So I will come up with a new topic in pyridontics thank you. And lastly guys we have started channel membership in dentistry and mode channel. So you can explore various exclusives for the channel members. So you can explore various options by clicking on the join button adjacent to subscribe button. So we have options of personal whatsapp help. So you can ask any doubts you will get answered through whatsapp text messages or voice messages and we have one more option that is the PDF notes will be available but as of now we have only the public health dentistry topic. The more topics will be uploaded soon and the last option is one to one interaction session. You will get the personal interaction or personal classes on various subjects from the faculties of respective branches. So explore the join button and let us know if you want any further help from us. Thank you.