 Kyuriko to everyone. OK, so today I've seen a little bit already from mainly museums about the inclusion of a 3D element within this kind of cultural heritage sector. It doesn't necessarily seem like an obvious thing that you would find inside of a library. And I guess within the national library, other libraries, city libraries, we don't hold a huge deal of 3D objects. And so there's also a larger question of whether there would be any reason to even go down that path of looking at 3D technologies and bringing that into our space at all. But as I kind of continue along this, I think I'm going to try and make a case that there is definitely a reason to do it, if not for any other reason that it's such an emerging part of the world that we're living in at the moment. This technology is becoming more widely used with other kind of industries around us. And as we do use it more and more, we are recording information in new ways. We're recording rather than in sort of traditional means of, you know, a text or even video in some cases. This is going to be something that for our own kind of collecting purposes we're going to need to put a little bit more of a focus on. So if I'm just sort of show you a little bit about 3D printing in libraries. So this tends to be the main focus area that a lot of generally public libraries look into when it comes to this technology. There's always a little bit of a debate that's going on around having 3D printers in libraries. Generally, it's seen more as a novelty, I suppose. The quote that I have here is actually from an Australian librarian who kind of sparked a lot of debate on this topic. His name was Hugh Randall. It says here, if 3D printing was a truly useful technology for libraries, there'd be serious articles about the potential for how we can use that to store information, make it discoverable, et cetera. So this has been our first kind of venture as a library into 3D technologies and that is with 3D printing. However, yeah, it often gets kind of given this perspective that it's just something that can be used for novelty for, in this case, printing in chocolate. But I think what it offers, at least from my point of view, is just an immediate way of being able to get your hands on with this new sort of technology, with this new way of dealing with information as more things start moving down this path. It's just an entry point and it provides access to a wider community of people who may not necessarily be able to afford to look into these kind of things. So off the back of getting 3D printers ourselves in our own spaces at the National Library, we started working in partnership with Victoria University's School of Architecture and Design. Every year we run summer scholarship projects with the university and through these summer scholarship projects we're actually able to explore the ways that this technology can be made useful inside of a library and why that may even be, you know, a necessary thing in the future. If we look back kind of over the history of libraries and the kind of materials that we hold or even just the ways that we create knowledge, I guess the earliest sort of times we would have been recording a lot of our stories and our experiences and our understanding of the world through an oral tradition. So in that instance we don't actually have any kind of an artefact in which information is stored. Often it comes down to mnemonic techniques and being able to remember how things work or what things are and what maybe could be poisonous in the world and within that way of trying to maintain some kind of repository, the repositories held within people. In those instances there are methods that people use to be able to try and remember things that would otherwise, you know, be for maybe you or I, easy to forget. So one of those sort of methods was for instance you could take a geographic location and you can try and use your path down that, down a street or down sort of like a forest path or something and just peg each object as you're walking as a means of being able to associate a word with this tree, a word with that one. It's a way of being able to kind of take a mental note but out on the physical kind of a landscape. As time went on people started using clay tablets. Clay might be a little bit heavy or you don't want to carry that around with you. Later on industries start moving to paper, you've got the printing press, you start moving into books and once there are more static ways of recording information, things that you can actually pass on to someone else so that they can see this is true, we can look through this, you know, is this verifiable, did this come from this place or other origins, as you say they are, then we actually have an increasing amount of fidelity in the way that we store and record information. I guess as we learn more about how we copy and keep material over longer periods of time we learn other ways that they can be at risk. For instance with microfilm there's plenty of examples that you are probably all aware of where an original item might be recorded on microfilm and then that original was then thrown away only to later on discover that that microfilm is not a good enough copy to be able to refer back to. With digital materials there's more fidelity there you're able to capture at a higher resolution, more details, more kind of accurate representation of what that thing really was, but at the end of the day we're still stuck on a two dimensional screen, we're still stuck generally with photographs to a single point of perspective of what this information can hold. So for instance you may be able to take something like the Treaty of Waitangi which is the first sheet at least is on like parchment which looks like it's probably actually taken from some goat skin. There's sort of a whole story just in the texture and the way that that moves that you can't really capture just through a photograph and I guess those things may not be the main point of why you want to collect those things but as time does move by we are finding if you want to be able to return to a point of origin where something came from some of this extra detail is actually becoming increasingly more necessary as our default means of being able to collect things or to be able to record and copy things has a huge much larger demand on being able to maintain that level of fidelity with your information. So what I have here is just an example of the technologies that may not necessarily be dominant at the moment but within industry in general becoming more and more common and which sort of shaping the way in which we produce products in the first instance but also the ways that new knowledge is being created. So I guess there are always going to be things like books which is like the staple of libraries which are never going to necessarily become obsolete but as we start performing in other ways as we start doing things as a society in other ways in order to be able to retain a record of our cultural heritage we do want to be able to try and find ways that we can store these other things which may not be suitable in the kinds of formats that we have available at the moment. So everyone at the moment tends to have some kind of immobile device so that's been taken up already. Everyone has some form of generally contact with each other through immobile means you don't have to post a letter etc. As we kind of come around the circle we start seeing things like location detection technologies so being able to make your whereabouts discoverable to be able to place a point on a map. These things are kind of taken for granted a little bit now but there's always new information that's being collected from this and the ways that that information can be used to create a sort of a broader picture or deeper sort of understanding of the things that we're collecting today. So just to make kind of more clear what I'm talking about while there is a general focus I guess on exploring the kinds of collections that we already have available there is also a need which may not necessarily be fully explored around how we capture these emerging forms of information which seem to be quite fluid and I guess in some ways not too tangible just because the subject to change and with things being made available online that information can be edited and updated and it doesn't necessarily remain in some static form that we may be used to. As we come back around to 3D printing it completely changes the supply chain so once upon a time you may have probably bought your music in a store you're probably downloading it now in time to come that is a likely scenario for the way that you may be getting products or being able to purchase items rather than actually having them delivered and so doing you're also making much less of a demand on transport logistics etc. So through that it's cutting down costs that we're otherwise including into other things that we do in the broader picture of our lives but what that means for libraries as well is we would then have a reason at least to look into being able to collect the sorts of designs or 3D models that may have some kind of a cultural or I guess historic for the future impact and to be able to retain those maybe in a repository or something so that they can be made available later. One thing that is I guess being looked into quite a lot more often at the moment is big data and augmented reality I guess is kind of here already but I guess if anyone's sort of had a look at it again we're still for the most part trapped behind a two dimensional display. So following on from augmented reality we have light field technologies which are sometimes referred to as mixed reality so this is just a you may have seen this before somewhere else but it's an example of I'll just make that a little larger. So this is a I'll just let you watch through it and then I'll give a brief explanation about it. So in this video what we're seeing is mixed reality and what that involves is as opposed to being able to view extra digital information overlaid onto the world through an iPad which is kind of how we're doing things with augmented reality at the moment what we have is light field signals being projected directly into one's eyes and so what it's doing is it's creating a blend of digital overlays with the physical world in a way which is quite indistinguishable from it looks like it's out there essentially and the sort of projections from the magic leap who have created this is that the uptake of that technology around about the 2020s should be probably about 70% of people will be looking at having that kind of technology available to them and so with that just around the corner that's going to sort of impact on the way that the material that we collect now is made available I guess we're we're looking at things still in very two-dimensional ways and that would still be a way I guess in which you can view that but whether that provides you with the most the highest level of detail that you need to be able to conduct research is just another question and one of our earlier exhibitions that we run at the National Library big data we looked into the use of LiDAR and remote sensing technology to capture sort of landforms and we are looking at it again with our current unfolding the map exhibition but what this shows is the way that sort of point clouds can be generated to create 3D models of an environment so while the sorts of things that we may collect at the moment will be maps or photographs of locations being able to actually capture entire three-dimensional models that just provides another sort of an edge on what later on we will be able to sort of interact with and then what can be done with that in terms of output whether that be 3D printed into a model that can be used for other purposes or whether that model can reveal something about the time that wasn't previously available with other means of capturing information so in terms of open data there's a lot of information that is now made available publicly throughout the internet and the way that information can be used by individuals is quite limited in terms of their understanding around what they can do with it so a huge part of what our role is in the public programs team is to be able to facilitate an understanding around digital technologies and develop digital literacies one form of information with these data sets is geospatial information so what we've got here in this image is some map of sorts of Wellington and it's all just survey data the way this works is it's not really a map designed for people, it's a map more designed for machines so the pixels in this raster image they represent different levels of elevation as that can be examined you can then generate sort of virtual terrains from that which reflect to the human eye a little bit more accurately what that information should look like other sorts of data sets are available out there for instance you have information from the City Council here which shows the entire sort of footprint of the Wellington CBD within that you've got information saying how high each building is if you were to take some of this information and combine it together you can get outputs which will provide a model of the city there of the landscape with the buildings available on the top so this is all just information in spreadsheets or on tables and then from that you are able to visualise in such a way that you are able to interact with it without having to know things like structured query language or other scripting languages you are able to just move in there and just sort of make that visually sorry guys, it's a little bit buggy but while that is something that's available today we have this kind of technology and that sort of data readily available where I'm trying to go with this is this is a new way of recording information there are new ways of being able to put this stuff together but when we want to reach back and take older information that's not as easy to do so with some scholarship projects that we have focused on they've gone back into our collections and they've taken material which may not necessarily be easy to work with and have been able to bring that up to date and be able to pull extra information out of that that wasn't already there so in this instance here we have a model that they have built of the Wellington waterfront with three different puzzle pieces those puzzle pieces can be overlaid on top of the model of Wellington and then through an iPad it's possible to then view the footprint of the city at that point so as each puzzle piece is added onto that model that footprint is then updated for the time with that that's not only the new buildings that have been built since but it's an update to the entire city so other buildings that may have been replaced or have grown up around it those will also be added in as well and this will be available to view once the library reopens as part of our Unfolding the Map program other ways that the Victoria University has been able to sort of reconfigure the information in our collections has been through taking floor plans so in this instance we have Lambton Tower which was a tower that was never actually built and they've been able to use I just guess CAD from this they've also learnt to develop the algorithm that was used over aerial photographs, aerial images to develop the buildings on the previous slide as well and here we just have a 3D printed interpretation of that which is taken from our collection materials again we've got an image here of the Wellington waterfront which is a virtual reality experience that had been created using collection materials as well as the basis for being able to see what the waterfront looked at at that particular time and the idea behind this then is that you can actually take some of this material out into the world if you were to look at it through for instance a pair of binoculars with a virtual reality headset in it then that allows you to be able to move back and forth between the physical and the digital interpretation of what Wellington may have looked like at that point just looking at some precedents for other means of being able to take older or limited materials and what do we got here and do things with them so here we have Recre which is also known as Project Mosul in Iraq the Mosul Museum was destroyed by ISIS Project Mosul originally was put in place to crowdsource photographs from just visitors who had been to the Mosul Museum and then to use photogrammetry as a means of being able to just restore, I lost the model there I've got 2 minutes left I think so I'll just try and move through quite quickly so what 3D printing in libraries provides is a means of being able to take some of these objects that have been reconfigured out of collection material and to make them physical with working on other projects with the University through the Summer Scholarship Programme we've explored augmented reality so we've been able to incorporate that into existing exhibitions that we have on display so these are some examples just from last year's programme that we ran so we have World War I Contemporary Conversation which we used augmented reality to enhance that we had a Child's War which was one of the exhibitions that we held in the Alexander Turnbull Gallery as well which was able to then use augmented reality and 3D printing to look at for instance sheet music and things like that and to be able to play back music from sheet music using augmented reality as a means of being able to identify whereabouts in that sheet music that music should be playing from and then we had an interpretation of Paul Gendon's material as well so taking sketches of puppets from those collection materials and then being able to bring those to life using motion capture to be able to move and freeze those models at a particular point where they can then be pushed out for 3D printed birthed into the world from that point kind of just rushed ahead because really coming to the end of the session here now but what this all sort of leads down to is the idea of what has been coined semantic nodes so the use of augmented reality and 3D printed technologies just allows a way of being able to interact with the world which previously wasn't possible so it's just being able to blur the lines between physical and digital and within a library setting what that means is for instance being able to take an original item and be able to get descriptive information out of it just through things like image recognition and then maybe using real items to be able to hyperlink to other items just through looking at those through one medium or another and then there's obviously in our role as learning facilitators, as educators of a much broader range of what is actually possible by using these technologies as an educational tool as well really I've got one minute left I can see which is probably questions and answers but I'm probably not going to get very far with that so thank you guys really had too much to get through but I'll be around tomorrow as well if you guys have any further questions, cheers