 The study examined land use changes in the Mula and Mother River catchments in Pune, India over a 20-year period from 1989 to 2009. During this time, urban areas increased from 5.1% to 10.1%, while croplands increased from 9.7% to 13.5%. These changes can be attributed to rapid socio-economic development in the region. The study also used the soil and water assessment tool, SWAT, to analyze the impacts of these changes on the water balance. It was found that urbanization had a positive effect on water yield, increasing it by up to 7.6%, while cropland had a negative effect, decreasing it by up to 5.9%. Overall, the study concluded that land use changes in the Mula and Mother River catchments have had a mixed effect on the water balance, with some areas benefiting from urbanization and others suffering from cropland expansion. This article was authored by P. D. Wagner, S. Kumar, and K. Schneider. We are article.tv, links in the description below.