 Good evening everyone. I'm Long from International Bamboo and Rattan Organization. Today I will give you some brief information about bamboo carbon emission reduction through its product and energy. Next slide please. Next slide please. Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants on earth. If you plant bamboo, you can harvest them after three to five years. And once you harvest them, you can keep on annually for a long period. It can be 30 years or 100 years or more depending on the species. And bamboo is relatively easy to manage and they provide good ecosystem service as well. Next slide please. In terms of carbon, one has a bamboo forest. It can store between 94 to 392 tonne of carbon. It is similar to tree plantation and lower than tropical forest. However, could you next slide please? Bamboo has other advantages. They have very high rate of annual carbon secretation. If hopefully managed, some species can secret up to 25 tonne of carbon per hectare per year. That is twice faster than fast growing trees. Next slide please. With the fast growing, if you collect the bamboo calm and make into the durable products, they can lock substantial amount of carbon. What do you have bamboo? What do you have bamboo? It has medium rate growing. If you plant bamboo for it and make into the product, around 40 to 45% of biomass can be made into durable product. Over a period of 30 years, it can lock up to almost 500 tonne of carbon. Next slide please. Next slide please. Bamboo can provide varied form of energy. You can burn them directly or you can make into the pellets or you can make bamboo charcoal or gasify them for running electric cities. Bamboo ethanol is also related in the mill. However, they can convert with very high rates. One tonne of dry bamboo can produce 143 liters of ethanol. It's lower than Kona code, Kona route 380s. Next slide please. If you, next slide please. If you gasify the bamboo, for example Russia to produce electricity and substitute for grid electricity, then over a period of 30 years, you can also reduce more than 300 tonne of carbon. Next slide please. So now it's here. I showed you some case study from our project in Africa. The first one is in Maragaskar. In Maragaskar, there are many communities living in the remote area. They don't get access to grid electricity. And where they have to run a DHO for running electricity from the DHO generator. So we support them with building a small gasification plant with 25 kilowatt hours, that's enough for 250 households. And daily, they run for 6 hours. They consume 180 kilogram of dry bamboo. Over the years, and in this case, the community needs deep enough space between 1.5 to 3 hectares of bamboo that is enough, providing enough feedstock for the whole community running. And they can save around 28 tonne of carbon per year. Next slide please. In Maragaskar, in Tanzania, where deforestation is severe, a big driver of deforestation is harvesting good for making good charcoal. Government tries to ban it. However, it hurts because more than 90% of the population depend on good charcoal for cooking. So what can come help it first, to use bamboo to restore the degraded land and help the people on set up enterprise to make bamboo products like bamboo furniture, handicrafts. All the bamboo waste helps to set up bamboo making bamboo charcoal. In secret, the local people have bamboo charcoal. They don't depend on the good charcoal, it reduces the threat to the forest. At the same time, it provides up for the people, especially women and children, and provide income for family. A family can earn around $200 per month from making and selling bamboo charcoal. So it's my next one. It's the final of my conclusion. Bamboo energy can help reduce deforestation and degradation, can save the carbon emissions. Bamboo can have high potential for energy, especially for communities and people in the remote area. The recommendation is further research on economic feasibilities for different operational skills of the bamboo energy producer. And second one is to promote bamboo energy for wider application through awareness raising, creating enabling policy environment and facilitating financial cooperation and technology transfer. Thank you very much.