 The study examined the differences between two species of ellipid snakes, bongorus multisinctus and major atra, in terms of their venom composition. It found that b. multisinctus has more toxins than n. Atra, with the majority being neurotoxins. Additionally, it discovered that the two species have evolved differently with b. Multisinctus having more short chain alpha neurotoxins and n. Atra having more long chain alpha neurotoxins. This article was authored by Zhong Yun, Zhao Ruoping, Zhong Yu, and others.