 From the terror of Boko Haram and Aiswap in the northeast to the rampage of bandits in the northwest, Aipab in the southeast and other militants elsewhere, Nigeria has suffered from a crippling security situation. On May 29, President-elect Bola Mettinibu will not only inherit the mantle of leadership from President Mohammad Buhari, but also the demanding task of ending Nigeria's myriad of security challenges. In over 10 years, Nigeria's security landscape has been shaped by war against insurgents such as Boko Haram and later the Islamic State West Africa province Aiswap. And in the northeast in part of the country, new threat elements such as banditry and kidnapping have emerged in the northwestern region, while the age-old communal crisis, as well as farmers and headers clashes have existed in many parts of the North Central. And also under President Mohammad Buhari's secessionist agitations by the indigenous people of Biafra, Aipab in the southwest, and parts of south-south have also snowballed into a major security threat that is threatening the country's unity. Joining us to discuss this is Darlington Momo Moruhi, former consultant to the Presidential Committee on Small Arms and Light Weapons Prescott. Thank you so much, Mr. Momo, for joining us. Good evening. Good evening. My pleasure. I've been here. Great. Mr. Momo, let's start by looking at the issues that have bedeviled not just the Buhari administration but Nigeria in general. The President has talked tough about dealing with insecurity. We have seen the Presidential Advanced Team fleet being hit by some of these unknown gunmen. We've seen a defense college hit by these terrorists. We've seen a lot of capturing in schools, broad daylight. We've seen all sorts of things happen under President Buhari's watch. And then there was some sort of a pause during the elections. And here we are again. As we speak, there has been some communal clash in Platteau State, which has claimed some lives, and many are warning against a reprisal. What does the future hold for the Tinibu administration, even as he gets sworn in on Monday? Thank you. A beautiful one. I've spoken so much concerning a certain security agenda for the Tinibu administration, as are today is still the President-Elect. We've looked at, we've been looking at issues from all angles first. We've looked at the problems, and then also the problems he will be inheriting in terms of insecurity. We're always, we're also trying to look at possible solutions and how to go about them. He just talked about the issue in Platteau State at the moment that has claimed well over 200 lives. And if we want to look at all of this put together, the level of insecurity we have across the country differs across different regions. For instance, the level of, the kind of insecurity problem we challenge is conflict. We have at the North East, is that of terrorism, talking about Boko Haram and the Israel. If you bring it down to North West, is that of the bandits, a banditry. If you take it to North Central, where you also have Platteau State that you did mention, it's all about inter-communal conflicts, inter-communal conflicts, religious conflicts, and the Header-Farmers conflict. Down to the South, you have Southeast, the problem of the ESN, the armed body of IPOP. Down South, the issue of kidnapping, the armed robbery, down South West, the same thing as almost as we will find in the South South. And about cases of kidnapping, cases of armed robbery, and all other vices, cultism and the rest of it. But I'll tell you something, all of this put together are activities carried out by the non-state actors. And the non-state actors wouldn't be able to function without the proliferation of small arms and light weapons. The level of illicit weapons, small arms and light weapons circulating in the country today is so high. Of course, you are aware, and most Nigerians are aware by now, that the amount of firearms, small arms and light weapons in the hands of the non-state actors, far outnumbers what the state actors carry. If you're talking about the state actors there, you'll be referring to the licensed security agents and the armed forces, talking about the army, the naval and the air force. All of this put together, the amount of small arms and light weapons that they carry is not up to what you find in the hands of the non-state actors, like the terrorists, the armed robbers, the bandits, those who do communal clashes, those who do have communal conflicts and all of that, cultists, the all fall under the banner of the non-state actors. Now, the basic problem that Nigeria and Nigeria as a country, just like some other countries have suffered is the issue of the proliferation of small arms and light weapons that are largely circulating across the country, that are largely available to these non-state actors, that are largely being used to commit all kinds of crimes, superior power, and just like you talked about what happened in the plateau state, beyond these arms that find their way into this country through our porous borders, particularly up north, we also have the problem of these firearms being manufactured locally by the local blacksmiths and today they have gotten so sophisticated to the extent that sometimes it becomes a challenge differentiating locally manufactured firearms in Nigeria from the factory manufactured firearms that are imported into this country. I'm sorry, I need to come in there Mr. Morrow. I remember that just when they formed a president, there was a move at the time for state governors across the country to mop up weapons, it was called a form of disarmament and many had ridiculed that disarmament as a child's play being that they said the arms that were being presented was nothing compared to those that were still being held onto by some of these militants and you're talking about the proliferation of small arms and now of course the manufacturing, illegal manufacturing of locally made pistols and guns. Again, let's talk about body language, body language is very important in fighting insecurity anywhere in the world. From the body language of the president, the sitting president, Mohammed Buhari, in dealing with this proliferation and in dealing with security generally, could that also have a role to play in why this issue of insecurity has lingered for this long? Let me take the question specifically again. I'm talking about body language in dealing with this issue of insecurity and of course the mopping up of these illegal arms across the country. I'm asking, does the body language of the president have a role to play in how this issue has gone so far and why it has lingered for so long? Currently, very well, very correct. If you look at the first coming of Mr. President between 2015 and 2019, the level of insecurity we suffered so at, when Mr. President first, when he was sworn in at, when he made his inaugural speech, he did make a statement, his body language was obvious then that he was out to fight insecurity, which was only limited to terrorism as involved Boko Aram then. On that ground, he did immediately acts that wars cannot be going on in the Southeast and then the military, the commanders, will be sitting in their offices in Abuja and so he did say that the situation rules should immediately move and the commanding base should also move to the Northeast. That gave a lot of courage and fear, sickness to Boko Aram to say yes for once, for now we have a security officer in charge as president who was now ready to take them headlong. If you remember that, but what did we get after that? All of that, so much and it came down and then the war ravaged. Fast forward to 20, between 2019 and now, last year precisely, he gave a matching order to the chiefs, the military chiefs and said that he would want everything about insecurity to be put to an end by December. We saw that between October and December when he made that statement, when he gave a matching order to the security chiefs, that the level of insecurity dropped drastically. We were no longer working out to hear about bombings except for pockets of activities by the bandits in the Northwest and then activities of the unknown gold men in the Southeast and then if you checked the number of persons that died from the act of terrorism and from bandits and what happened in the Southeast, it dropped drastically, but again shortly after the elections what did we get? We started hearing about killings, about like what is happening, not currently going on in Benway State, what is going on in Plato State talking about the North Central region. Now where you have basically problems more of intercommunal classes, tribal wars, what you call farmers' headers issues. Mr. Moya, because we do not have time, unfortunately our time is far spent, I will bring you back because we need to talk about what the next president has to do, especially talking about body language and of course matching it with actions. What needs to be done to deal with this insecurity or to put it at bay. But I want to thank you for coming on. Dalynton Momoa Mora is a former consultant to the Presidential Committee on Small Arms and Light Weapons Press Come. I want to thank you so much, we will bring you back again tomorrow definitely to continue this conversation. Thank you. All right, well that is it on the show tonight. I want to thank you all for being part of the conversation. As we count down to May 29, conversations are going to be had, of course, setting the agenda for the incoming administration. I'm Mary Anna. We'll see you tomorrow at 7. Good night.