 Come in, sir. Come in. Good afternoon, sir. Good afternoon. Please sit down. Please sit down. Thank you, sir. So, Himanshu, why do you wish to join civil service? Sir, there are two reasons. First, I am very inclined toward this service because of the opportunity and the dynamism that the service offers. And second, sir, it is a great career opportunity to provide stability as well as a great path ahead. Absolutely, absolutely. But, Mr. Himanshu. Yes, sir. I'll ask you something on the Kashmir valley. Yes, sir. There have been demands from the Kashmiri pundits to be rehabilitated, right? Now, what were the circumstances in which these people had to leave? What necessitated them leaving the state in the first place? Sir, on a particular day in the 1989 or 1990, there were rumors created that Hindus or a section of community will be massacred or they will be killed. So, in the fear of that rumor, many people left. Some did not, but many of these left. How many do you think, when you say some left, what do you mean by that? Sir, in thousands of people left. So, is that a few? Sir, not a bunch of them. 150,000 families. Okay, sir. And many of them were massacred. It's only, the threat doesn't work. It's only that, you know, many of them were killed. Yes. And then, of course, this threat that they would have to leave. Now, which are the organizations which were responsible for creating this problem there? There is groups operating in the valley. Who are doing this? So, these were the militant organizations which may have emanated from the cross-border area. Which one are these? Why do you say may have? You're not sure? This thing may have emanated from this. Of course, they emanated. But there was a radicalized part of youth which also led to humiliation, sir. So, which are the two main terror organizations which are being financed from Pakistan, who were responsible for creating the may have in the valley in 1990? Sir, Jammu and Kashmir Popular Liberation Front. It was a long time back. Sorry, sir. You have heard of the Jayashya Mohammad and Lashkarat Aiba? Yes, sir. Now, Hafiz Sahi has been recently indicted in a court in Pakistan. Yes, sir. Why was that done? Sir, mainly to escape the pressure from the FATF and to show that we have done something significant in the terror combatant. So, and what is the FATF? The FATF is an intergovernmental organization of, I think, 39 nations. Which is working in the area of combating terror financing, money laundering. So, are they meeting now or are they scheduled to meet or what? Yes, sir. They are meeting from 16th, yes. Where? Sir, in, I am not sure, Paris. Paris. What is our interest in this meeting? Sir, our primary interest is to isolate Pakistan by putting, by persuading, say, like-minded countries to put Pakistan into a blacklist, but that has not been fulfilled. Yeah, but at least we were able to get that into the grey list, right? Yes, sir. Okay. Right. Now, if you rent the papers, the LOPAL issue has been in the newspapers. Yes, sir. Any idea why? Yes, sir. I think a member from the LOPAL committee has resigned. How many members are there in the LOPAL? Sir, it was long back when I read. I think it's eight. Eight. Yes. Four judicial and four non-judicial. So, which one has resigned? The judicial or non-judicial? Judicial. Judicial. Judicial was not resigned. Any reason why? Sir, he cited personal reasons, but from some newspapers it is cited that he resigned because there was no work being done in the LOPAL. No progress in the framing of rules, not given official accommodation because of various issues. Okay. Now, have you heard of this Act East policy? Yes, sir. What is that? Act East policy, sir, can be regarded as the second part of the LOKI's policy. Okay. It was mainly to shift the focus of India's foreign policy to the East Asia, including the countries of ASEAN, to strengthen our relationship in the field of connectivity, in the field of trade, investments. Sir, now, as part of this project, there is something which was called the Kalada Multimodal. Yes, sir. Sir, what is this Kalada Multimodal? Where does it start? Where does it end? And what is the route? Sir, it is a Kalada Multimodal project. It is a transport connectivity route originating in the Sitve Port of Myanmar. And sir, then from waterways it also has roadways as a part of it. And finally, sir, it meets, I think sir, in Mizoram at some city. It comes to the border of Mizoram. Yes, sir. But you left it in between. Where does it start? Sitve Port, sir, in the Myanmar. It starts from Calcutta. Okay, sir. Calcutta by C2, Myanmar, from there by Kalada and River, and then by the O2. Okay. Nice. Thank you. Amanshu? Yes, sir. Have you heard of traditional comprehensive economic partnership? Yes, sir. We opted out of RCEP, opted out of it for seven years. What were the reasons why we opted out of it? Sir, the government has measured the cost as well as the benefits of joining the RCEP. And I think in my view, the benefits were not outweighing the cost, so costs were more. So we decided not to join it. What were the benefits and costs? Sir, benefits included that by joining such a large block of countries, a large block of grouping, we would have been a part of a larger grouping which would have allowed our exports to boost. As well as when we have advantages in services sector. So our services would have been given a boost. But services were not being considered. Yes, sir. So that's why, sir, we did not join it. Apart from its losses that we would have made by agreeing to the terms that were offered to us, our dairy industry as well as our agriculture sector would have been hit very hard because allowing milk and allowing dairy products from other countries would have hit our farmers very much. Okay. And also perhaps we didn't have the capacity to compete in the export markets. Yes, sir. To take advantage of the movement available in RCEP. Now, China is also concerned. And now recently there is outbreak of coronavirus. Yes, sir. What area of our economy would be impacted if this continues? Sir, all these areas which are highly dependent on imports from China as their intermediate goods will be impacted. These can include our automobile sector. For example, sir, we have sensors which are coming from China, which are used in many automobile production. So unavailability of a small sensor may lead to non-sailability of a big car. So it will impact the sensor in this automobile industry. Sir, apart from its pharmaceutical industry will be very hit because there is some component called APIs, active pharmaceutical ingredients, which are used in the farmer production and we are heavily dependent in China. So that will be impacted. Now, India and China are part of a regional group in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Yes. What kind of people are going to be hosted by India? Yes, sir. India is hosting the annual meet of SEO countries. Heads of government meet? Yes. Heads of government meet, sir. Okay. And have we invited the Pakistan Prime Minister also for this? Yes, sir. We have sent a formal invitation to the Prime Minister of Pakistan. Are India, China and Pakistan either conduct joint military exercises or have they conducted joint military exercises? As part of, sir, SEO framework, we did have a counter-terrorism exercise. Okay. Cooperation, Cooperation, Cooperation and that. Yes, sir. Our exports to GDP ratio have been declining for few years. Yes, sir. What are the reasons for the potentiological reasons? Sir, mainly seeing the math, sir, exports are not increasing. Exports are stagnant and GDP is increasing the exports. Exports are stagnant. That's the case. Sir, exports are stagnant because we are losing out to some countries in our neighborhood. For example, Bangladesh, Vietnam, in textile sector because of their more favorable terms of trade with the developed world. As well as, sir, the logistics cost, we are not able to keep up our exports. There we would want them to be. There are many sectors, I think, except the imported fields and the cost. Yes. Sir, there is one more issue that has been a major cause of problem in many sectors. That is, the timely payment is not being made. For example, sir, when we export, there is a remission of duty. So the government should pay it. But it goes by months and then years. And then interest will have the working capital gets stuck. So these are various issues. And the severity of credit. Yes, sir. Various banking issues we are facing. You have lived in Haryana. Yes, sir. Recently, there was something, some dispute going on with Haryana and Delhi governments on some issue relating to pollution. Are you aware of it? Yes, sir. What is it? Sir, it has become an yearly issue and pollution becomes too large. The governments do the blame game to that pollution is coming from the other side due to stubble burning. Stubble burning, what are the main causes of pollution in Delhi? Pollution in Delhi has local causes as well. So a large part of it can be termed from the transport and transportation sector. Then power generation sector, I think the power generation power plant at Badapur has been shut. And sir, apart from these two, there are issues from the construction sector which Supreme Court has very stringently addressed. And there are other sources like waste burning, garbage burning. These are all sources, sir. Continuing with the same pollution, you've given all the reasons for pollution. Yes, sir. What can be done to address the problem of pollution in Delhi? Just name 1, 2, 3, 4, that's it. Okay, ma'am. A collaborative, the scheme that Centre has launched for the four states for Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan and Delhi. It could be implemented well. What is the scheme? It is a scheme for combating stubble burning by providing subsidy in the hiring of machines through Custom Hiring Centre so that the farmers are able... So that's fine. Yes ma'am. Second, ma'am, by controlling the dust which originates from the constructions. I have certain guidelines given by the NGT about how construction waste has to be kept in mind. Yes ma'am. And ma'am, apart from it, road dust has to be cleaned by mechanized trucks. Yes. Anything else? And ma'am, the solid waste management issue should be tackled without... It should not be burned, ma'am. Okay. Now you've also written in your positions of Health and College, outreach coordinator for something. What is this you've done? Ma'am, I did an internship with the Government of Delhi. Social Delivery Department. PGMS is a public grievance management system. These complain platform where people can file their complaint and then the government can see them. So what did you see as far as repressor of these complaints was concerned? Many of the complaints, ma'am, were addressed. But when there were few complaints, a portion of complaints which were not addressed for a long time. So my role there was to bring into the notice which complaints are not being addressed and to call people whose complaints are not addressed that have they been outreaching what have they got. All right. So now you've also written YouTube. What do you mean by YouTube? YouTube is a platform to... No, I know that it's a platform. Yes ma'am. What is your role there? I like to watch YouTube and YouTube on a free time. YouTube. What do you generally watch? I generally watch, ma'am, depends on what, if I'm very stressful. One important. I watch, ma'am, largely about the history channels and geopolitics. All right. Fine. So you're from Haryana. Yes ma'am. One hears about the cuts and they are considered illegal bodies. Yet the cuts so it remains even now. Why is that so? Haryana is largely due to agriculture. Economy largely has a feudal setup and feudal setup leads to kind of feeling that I am the king here. So these carp and chaiets are originating due to the lack of fear of rule of law. Have the cops done any good work? We only hear in the paper about all the negatives but I'm sure they must have done some good work also. Yes ma'am. There was a ma'am, a lady. In the past marriages. Yes ma'am. As well as a selfie with daughter program also was there. It was started by the cops. Selfie with daughter. A lady was there, was the head of the punter. What else? As well as in the field of... Okay, fine. So now we come to the next problem here. The negative or the stewed sex ratio in Haryana. Why have we not been able to address the problem despite all these acts that we have? You know we have the PCP and GTL. Yes ma'am. And Beti, Bachao, Betipara, all those schemes are there. Why are we still not able to address the problem? There are many reasons. The main reason is the mindset that we have. Okay, so Petriyaki is the main. Yes ma'am. What can we do to overcome this problem? I believe that education empowerment and health empowerment to women is the main idea where we can address this issue strongly. Because it will address the root of the problem where women are not empowered in males to take decisions about abortions. Alright. Now can you mention some of the global challenges that we are faced with today? Just mention them 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1, and 10. Terrorism will be fast ma'am. Then global rebalancing the transition era we are in because from Unipolar. Then the space race that we are having. The race to the weaponization. Global challenge anything else? Climate change. Yes climate change. Good energy, drugs, human trafficking. All these sustainable development goals that we are aiming for our challenge. Why are we so concerned about climate change? Climate change ma'am is both natural as well as anthropogenic phenomena. What are the natural reasons for climate change? Natural reasons for climate change could be like volcanism is a phenomenon. Anything else? What about forest fires? Forest fires are one of the reasons. Human reasons? Human reasons are excessive combustion of fossil fuels which lead to excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Which causes a greenhouse effect leads to rising temperature of the atom. So what would be the negative effect of rising temperatures? Rising temperatures ma'am would lead to problems like melting of the snow in the polar regions. Which would lead to increase in sea water level. And then when the sea water level increases the areas which are close to the coastal areas may be submerged. We may have a problem of climate refugees. Apart from it ma'am if the temperatures increase then we will have problems of heat waves in the city. Anything else? Then ma'am urban heat islands. And scarcity of water, scarcity of food. Because food will become... Thank you. Tell me. Yes sir. Usually when you read the newspaper you get the impression that India and Pakistan somehow on some contentious issue always. Recently they have operated on certain things. One thing. What is that? Yes sir. So recently they have cooperated on the Kartharpur issue. Kartharpur corridor they have cooperated with us to build the Kartharpur shrine. No. It's some economic... Something which has impacted the economy in both the countries. I'm sorry. What's that? Rural economy. I'll go further. If Pakistan sought our help then we gave it to them. Sorry sir. I thought the local infection... Yes sir. Yes sir. What kind of help did we give them? I mean they sought help from us. Sir I'm not ready. Yes sir. Okay. Tell me corruption is a big issue in India. Yes sir. Nobody doubts that. Why doesn't it go down or is it going down? Yes sir it is going down. Yes sir. You mean we are less corrupt than before? Yes sir. How good? Sir... But here we used to hear of what that was large and all those small fries. In lakhs and crores maybe 10 crores. And now we have CWG. We have telecom scam. We have full scam. Sir I think sir we have this Malaya scam. You know he's a big scam. This bank NPA. So how do you say that it is going down? Sir I was referring to the current period. Because sir scams when they... Current period. This period scam will come out in the next number. Yes sir. You see you so forget the current period. Sir even the frauds that are coming out today as you said have been coming from the past. It always happens like that. But the current government would not let the corruption get out. So you can't do much about it. There might be bigger scam for all you know. But it will come out only when they are out of their path. So how do you say it is going down? Sir I think the measures of transparency that have been implemented in the implementation of schemes like direct benefit transfer have saved a lot of money. As well as sir as the private sector takes part. You are a person who is optimist and so you think it has gone down. And perhaps it will go down. Tell me another thing. Yes sir. You know in human development index we are down below. In ease of doing business we might have improved a bit but still we are nowhere near the stop. Yes sir. For capital income of course we know about 2000 dollars. Yes sir. So why is this? Sir I think sir we are still developing economy. We have just been 70 years of democracy and democracy. So it takes a lot of time for such a large country to reach that level. So we are investing it. Maybe we have not invested in the past in the health and education sector which are the basis. Israel did better because they were a smaller country. Yes sir. And South Korea also because South Korea went through health. Yes sir. Around the time they became independent they went through health and then they also stood up. What sir. Is it because size of the country? No sir. Size is one factor but the investments in health education and research are the basic factors because they help improve the productivity of labour. Alright. So we didn't invest much. Yes sir. Are we investing now? Yes sir. So we are increasing but we are still far from the potential in investment. Thank you. Okay. Now economics is your main subject. Yes sir. I will ask you one or two questions. Has India's economic position in the world ranking improved? What is the position among the economies? As in total? America is number one. Yes sir. China is number two. Yes sir. Then comes Germany, Japan and all that. Where are we? Sir we are the fifth largest economy. Fifth? Yes sir. Who have you beaten? Yes sir. United Kingdom. So what is our size of our economy? Sir it is approaching 2.3 trillion. We are now 2.9 trillion sir. 2.97 or 94. Yes sir. What is our GDP per capita income? Sir it is $2,000 in dollar terms and if we talk about PPP exchange rates it is $7,000. And what is America's and China? Where are they? So the America's I last to what I read was $5,362 trillion. And China is more than $10,000. $10,000. Okay sir. So we are nowhere. Yes sir. America's 6, 2, 7, 9, 4. We are nowhere. America is a puny economy. Now what is the size of the budget which has been presented in parliament? It's 30 lakh crore. 30 lakh crore. Yes sir. Generally the revenue expenditure is more. Yes sir. Much more than the KPEX. Yes sir. Is there a change in this budget? Is there an improvement in the KPEX? Yes sir. From what I read there was the capital expenditure has improved by a certain percentage. Yes sir. Since I asked you a question you took I guess certain percentage. No sir. How much? 13 percent. What are the main sources of revenue visualized in this budget? Sir this budget envisages revenue from both taxes and non-tax sources. All right. One is taxation and GST etc. Yes sir. From the non-tax sources we have from the capital receipts we have disinvestments from 2.1 lakh crores. 2.1 lakh crores. Yes sir. And sir apart from disinvestments we are receiving money from sir... What are the other sources which are being visualized in this budget? So from Vivaatsa Vishwas scheme we will be able to... All right. Okay. Repent. Yeah if it succeeds we will make some money out of it. Yes sir. What else? From GST collections? GST is the biggest component. Sir I am able to recall this. No. You are not able to read the question. Sir read it. The spectrum sale is not going on. Yes sir. They hope to garner 1.3 or 4 lakh crores. So all that is there. Okay. Whether they will be able to do it or not is a different thing. But Tri has set the price extremely high. Yes sir. And Telcos are very unhappy about it. What price have they set? Sir not aware. Per 100 megahertz. What price have they set? 50,000. 50,000 crores. Okay sir. Telcos are crying votes because Telcos are already under pressure on economic pressure. What reason are they under pressure? Sir due to the recent Supreme Court judgment on each one. What does it say? Annual adjusted gross revenue. What is the quantum of it? Sir it is close to 1.5 lakh crore sir. All right. The finance minister made a very bold statement. Yes sir. That seven green shoots in the economy have appeared. Seven green shoots. Wow. Now do you agree that green shoots are appearing? Sir. You are an economics man. Don't go by what the finance minister says. If you analyze what do you see? Sir I don't see in the recent month. See or don't see? You give me specific areas where there is any improvement or not improvement. Sir index of industrial production improved in the November period. But then it again in the December when the reports came on the next day when the finance minister. December January it has gone on. It has gone to minus 1.8 something. 0.7, 0.30 something. Yes sir. IEP index has gone down. Yes sir. So the next day when finance minister said that green shoots are appearing the next day the IEP was out. So the statement was. So it is not. No sir. All right then where is the green shoot tell me. Sir but in purchasing manager's index the other green shoots are. Purchasing manager's index only shows that the inventories are being. Yes sir. Inflated are being. They are ordering more and more raw materials. Yes sir. That does not indicate that the production has increased. So you are confusing the truth. You are an economics student. And that is what Mrs. Sita one did. She went only by PMI but not by the actual performance. All right but there are green shoots. Okay sir. You have not identified them. All right. Sir. Yes. Talk later. Supreme court has recently given a major ruling on reservation. Yes sir. What is it said. Supreme court stated that reservation is not a fundamental right. Right. It is only an enabling provision. No one can compile any state to give reservation. Correct. All right. We will close the interview. I will give you a feedback. How do you think you have performed? Sir it was okay sir. I think it was okay. You are okay. All right. Very good. My feeling is that you have to work a little on economics here. Economics is for shortage of time I didn't ask you more difficult questions. Okay sir. I think there are green shoots. Service PMI has improved. Sir I didn't want to interrupt you there. Sir I was saying this. I am telling you again I mean you don't say I don't want to interrupt. You have to perform not me in this interview. You have to say then the food production is expected to be record this year from 283 million tons government the first estimate official estimate which has come saying 350 million tons. Yes sir. A million metric whatever it is million tons. So that is a green shoot. Service sector has improved. PMI index has improved in the last three months. November, December, January. The IIP index came down. So these are some of the green shoots which are appearing. Okay sir. The power demand is also improving. Adiya power demand had also gone down badly because industries were idle. Yes sir. Now power demand is also improving. So these are some of you can say. So and then Haryana you will have to study hard then about your economic current developments. It is a very big subject. You will have to study a lot. You will have to study budget as well as the economic situation in India. Then current affairs you were asked about the exodus in Kashmiri pundits, terror groups, etc. Local crisis, activities, RCEP, etc. All these are important issues on which you have to work. Thank you sir. We will be back soon. Okay. Thank you sir. All right. Thank you. Thank you. Good luck. Good luck. Thank you sir.