 Those online, I think we're not able to hear okay, so We all did we prayed and opened sorry. I don't know if you're able to hear the prayer No Okay we We closed with the Gospel of Mark last week and this week or today or sorry last class and then today we'll begin in the book of Luke and And continue next week to go into the outline of Luke So let's just go into our content for today the a little bit of an introduction to some of the themes that Luke covers and and Then I also wanted to talk a little bit about maybe how we can look at the outline We'll try this out for the Gospel of Luke I was thinking maybe each of us could take one chapter from the Gospel and Just give like a 30 second summary of the chapter Okay, so what I'll do is today I'll post a chapter and I'll put your name against it And I'll post it on Google Classroom so that you can be prepared on Monday to do that On Monday, we'll just go quickly because we have to cover it quickly as well So if you see your name, just be prepared to share Whatever chapters been assigned to you kids. So just a quick 30 seconds Just so that each of us is also engaged in looking at the book and Yeah, we can all learn together So let's begin with the Gospel of Luke Sorry my screen seems to be very Okay, we went ahead. Yeah so the Gospel of Luke as Opposed to so we looked at Matthew was written to Jewish Christians Mark was written to the Gentiles primarily to Roman Christians And Luke is written to Greek speaking. So Hellenistic people specifically So if you look here, this is northern Greece all of this area and so This is where Luke was mostly writing to people in this region so again it may have been Jews and and Gentiles but mostly people who are influenced by Greek culture. So we'll see that coming into his Gospel as well Luke is we see also very interested in history. So We can look at him as the first church historian Because he's recorded for us in detail about Jesus's life and ministry He also includes some secular history in his book So we'll maybe we can look quickly at these four passages mentioned here But what is helpful about that is that you can connect the story of Jesus to what was happening in the larger culture at that time So, let's just read Luke 1 5 Luke 2 1 all of the verses mentioned here If anyone can open Luke chapter 1 verse 5 there was in the days of Herod the King of Judea a certain priest named Zacharias of the division of a page up His wife was of the daughter of Aaron and her name was Elizabeth Thank you Luke 2 1 Luke chapter 2 was one and it came to pass in those days that Decree went out from KSR Augustus that all the world should be registered Thank you. So here we have the previous record was In Luke 1 5 was telling us about who the king was at that time Luke 2 is saying what was happening in Amongst the people there. So Caesar Augustus has asked for a Census to be taken. So these things help us connect back to other history Records that we have outside of scripture So 3 1 and 3 2 if someone can read that for us 3 1 3 1 Now in the 15th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar Pontius Pilate being governor of Judea Herod being tetrarch of Galilee his brother Philip tetrarch of I to rear and the region of Trachonitis and Lysanius the truck of Abilene while 3 1 and 3 2 While Anas and Caiaphas were high priests the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness Yes, so we have about the Roman leaders in place as well as the Jewish High priests who were ruling at that time And then in Luke's gospel we have a much more detailed account of Jesus's birth death Resurrection and ascension are much more than in the other Gospels. So Do any of y'all have a favorite gospel out of the four Gospels? Anyone online any specific gospel that is your favorite Gospel of John sister John, okay, so for me Luke has been one of my favorites and in fact we read this to my Daughter while I was too pregnant with her my first daughter Because I think it's written in a very relatable way it's written like especially For someone who is completely Foreign to who Jesus is or to the Christian faith Luke is a very easy book to read And so Luke's record is very very Detailed from like what we are looking at here from the prophecy about Jesus's birth And John the Baptist's birth to how their parents reacted to what happened when they were taken to the temple When Jesus was taken to the temple all of these records are not there in the other Gospels So it's a very and it's written in a story format. So it's very easy to read as well Yeah, let's continue from there. So Characteristics of Luke Like what I was talking about the announcement of John the Baptist of Jesus. So we have the record of the angel Going to Zacharias in the temple when he's in the temple and telling him That he's going to have a son right and then Zacharias doesn't believe and then he's not able to talk until the baby is born So that is recorded only in Luke the story of the angel going to Mary and telling her about The birth of Jesus that she's going to have a baby and it's going to be She's going to carry the son of God And then Mary meeting Elizabeth after that. So all of these details how they meet each other Before John the Baptist is born and before Jesus is born All of this is recorded in Luke Plus we also have the most detailed stories about Jesus and John when they were When they were little right so John we only have that record of Elizabeth and Mary meeting but Jesus We have stories of him as a child in Luke much more than in any of the other gospels Then we also see the ascension of Jesus So Jesus giving the great commission and his ascension which is not Recorded with the same amount of detail in Matthew and Mark We have a very detailed account of Jesus going to Jerusalem before his crucifixion. So This also The gospel of John definitely is very focused on the passion Narrative and so is very focused on the crucifixion itself But Luke gives this journey to Jerusalem in a lot of detail And then Luke is also the longest of the synoptic gospels and the longest New Testament book as well Okay, so because Luke is written to a Greek audience rather than a Jewish audience We'll see in his book that there is a lot of focus on all people Okay, so when we say Luke's universalism That means the focus on the fact that the gospel that Jesus came for all people It's not just for the people of Israel not just for the Jews And so these are a few examples we see in the gospel itself So Luke 2 10 if we can open that and read it Luke 2 10 Luke chapter 2 was 10 then the angel said to them do not be afraid for behold I bring you good tidings of great joy, which will be to all people So the right at the beginning when they are talking about Jesus birth It's for all people goodwill to all people Luke 2 32 I like to do revelation to the Gentiles and the glory of your people as well so you see here both the Talking about the Israelites, but also that Jesus is a light to the Gentiles Luke 3 4 to 6 Luke chapter 3 was 4 as it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet saying the voice of one crying in the wilderness Prepare the way of the Lord make his path straight Verse 5 every valley shall be filled and every mountain and hill brought low The crook to place shall be made straight and the rough waste move verse 6 and all flesh shall see the salvation of God So here as well this addition that Luke Luke includes in this prophecy that all people will see God's salvation We don't see that in the other Gospels Can we read the next one forward 25 to 27? But I tell you truly Many widows were in Israel Sorry But I tell you truly many widows were in Israel in the days of Elijah When the heaven was shut up three years and six months and there was a great famine throughout the all the land But to none of them was Elijah sent except to Zarathas in the region of Sidon to a woman who was a widow and many lepers were in Israel in the time of Elijah the prophet and None of them were cleansed except Naaman the Syrian Thank you. So here we see these two records where Gods and people to non-Israelite so Jesus is using this example from the Old Testament to talk about how The Israelites were rejected because They were not truly Open to God Right Jesus is using these examples. So again here where Luke has recorded these stories for us Lou Luke 24 47 we see the great commission to all nations So Matthew also records this for us and then Luke 14 8 to 16 We see Jesus talking about the parable of the great supper. So where he's invited the king is invited people to a wedding banquet and Those who have been who have been invited come up with different excuses for why they can't be there and Then he sends his servants out into the streets and invites anybody who is willing to come. So again This is not recorded in Matthew's account, but Luke includes this to say that the gospel now is being sent out to all people and all people are being invited Through that final supper with the lamb in the new kingdom so We'll continue with some of the characteristics in Luke. So Luke is very interested in people so While Matthew is very focused on the kingdom of God Luke's stories are very focused on Certain people he's talking about different people throughout the book So in the parables when he's recording the parables his focus is on people in the parables And whenever he's talking about an event his focus is on the people rather than God's kingdom or rather than Something that he's trying to teach them about he's using people's stories to communicate The story of Jesus So we see here a list of all the people some of the people he talks about so he talks about Zacharias He talks about Elizabeth and Mary about Martha and Mary about Zacharias the tax collector about Cleopas and his companion so Cleopas and his companion are the two Disciples who are on the road to Amoeas That Jesus encounters after his resurrection. So Cleopas is is kind of astonished that Jesus doesn't know Why they are sad and what they are upset about so Each of these stories are about specific people their encounters with Jesus how they experience Jesus what Jesus said to them All of these things are Things that Luke focuses on Luke is also a very Social gospel you'll you'll see that a lot when you're looking if you're studying the book of Luke So one is where he focuses on social outcasts We see in seven thirty six the Story of the immortal woman if we can open to Luke seven thirty six Luke chapter seven verse thirty six then one of the Pharisees Asked him to eat with him and he went to the Pharisees house and said don't do it You can go on to verse thirty seven as well and behold a woman in the city Who was a sinner when she knew that Jesus said at the table in the Pharisees house brought an alabaster flask of Pregnant oil Okay, and then verse 39 Verse 39 now when the Pharisee who had invited him so this he spoke to himself saying this man If he were a prophet would know who and what manner of woman this is who is catching him for she is a sinner Okay, so we see here one story about an outcast So somebody who is viewed as a sinner by the religious Leaders right or by all those who were very religious She was not someone who was included and so they expect that Jesus will also exclude her But Jesus's Responses who will love or deter more someone who owes him a small debt or someone who owes him a large debt right, so Jesus is always Including these outsiders we see that in the story of Zacchus as well in chapter 19 And we see that also in the repentance of the robber who's crucified with Jesus So Luke records that story as well for us. So Luke is very Inclusive of these people who were socially Austerized at that time in religious circles He also includes these parables the prodigal son the two debtors so the prodigal son the two debtors and the public in the public in is the Parable of the Pharisee and the tax collector So where the Pharisee and tax collector both praying and the Pharisee is praying a very self-righteous prayer talking about how he's so much better than all the sinners around him and Including that tax collector who's praying next to him and the tax collector on the other hand is someone who was humble Who recognizes his need for a savior and he's coming Confessing his sin to God So here we see that heart in Luke's gospel for these people the people who were outsiders Luke also Focuses a lot on women compared to the other gospels So there are 13 women in the gospel of Luke who are not mentioned in the other gospels at all So he mentions these 13 women Some of the women that he mentions is the immoral woman The women who supported Jesus with their gifts who supported the ministry with their gifts those who work On the sides as Jesus was going to the cross who were mourning as Jesus was going to the cross Women are included in the birth and resurrection stories of Jesus They included in the cross When Jesus at the cross women are mentioned at the cross women are mentioned at the tomb So the word women is mentioned 43 times in the book of Luke Which is the same as both Matthew and Mark if you put both gospels together it has they Talk about women 43 times. There's Luke In his one record talks about them the same number of times Other mentions of women is how women served God in society So we have a list of passages here and the devotion of women To God in serving him So we can't go into all of these passages. Maybe we can just look at The service of women to society and God we look at chapter 8 Luke chapter 8 1 to 6 someone can read that for us Luke chapter 8 verse 1 now It came to pass after that he went through every city and village Reaching and bringing the glad tidings of the kingdom of God and the 12 were with him was to and certain women Who had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities? Mary called Macdelnae out of whom had come seven demons was three and Jonah the wife of choose Herod's toward and Susanna and many others who Who provided for him? From their substance was for and when a great multitude had gathered and they had come to him from every city He spoke by a parable was five So went out to so his seat and as he sought some fell by the wayside And it was trampled down and the birds of the air Devoid it verse six some fell on rock and as soon as it is sprang up it weathered away because it Thank you. So I think yeah versus one to three is where specifically there's mention of women So the women who were with him along with the 12 So we don't see that recorded much We usually have the 12 disciples mentioned But Luke is mentioning here the women and he's not only mentioning that there were women He's mentioning specifically the names of the women. So Mary Magdalene Joanna Susanna and others who were supporting the ministry Let's also look at Luke chapter 18 verses one to three is one example Where he talks about the devotion of women Luke 18 Then he spoke a parable to them that men always ought to pray and not lose heart saying there was in a certain city Judge who did not fear God but regard Matt nor regard man Now there was a widow in that city and she came to him saying get justice for me from my adversary and he would not For a while, but afterward he said within himself though. I do not fear God nor regard man So is that all one two three Yeah, no problem. You can go ahead. Just read till the end of this Okay Yet because this widow troubled me I will avenge her lest by her continued coming. She wearing me Thank you. So here the illustration of Woman who is going to a judge repeatedly for the sake of getting justice, right? Used as an example of somebody who is diligently praying and seeking justice from God will God not answer their prayer We see also in Luke an interest in children, so He talks about the childhood of John the Baptist and Jesus and then we see these three examples of where Jesus ministers to to widow or a Or a parent of an only child in seven twelve and eight forty two It's where the only child is in seven twelve. It's about the death of an only child Eight forty two. It's about only child who is sick And nine thirty eight is an only child who is being Oppressed by demons So the parent goes to Jesus and Jesus has compassion on them so Luke has this record and and He the childhood of John the Baptist and Jesus is only recorded in Luke We also see social relationship. So Luke talks a lot about Jesus In social gatherings, we look at a few of these So here Jesus is dining with the Pharisees. There are a cause of Jesus dining with the Pharisees We have a record of Jesus at Bethany. Maybe you can look at it this Luke 10 38 to 42 Luke 10 38 Now it happened has they been that he entered a certain village and a certain woman named Martha welcomed him into a house And she's had a Sister called Mary who also sat at Jesus feet and heard his word But Martha was distracted with much serving and she approached him and Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me to serve alone? Therefore tell her and Jesus answered and said to her Martha Martha You are worried and troubled about many things But one thing is needed and Mary has chosen good part which will not be taken away from her Thank you. So we see here Jesus dining at his disciples homes, right? So Luke is very interested in these Relationships that Jesus had how he is engaging with people in their homes. We see with Zacchus He goes to Zacchus's home. We see the story of him going to The disciples on the road to Emmaus when they invite him to their house He goes with them and breaks bread with them We see other illustrations. So on the traveler requiring Refreshments, let's just look at that Luke 11 versus 5 to 8 11 verse 5 and he said to them Which of you shall have a friend and go to him at midnight and say to him friend Lend me three loaves for a friend of mine has come to me on his journey And I have nothing to set before him and he will answer from within and say do not trouble me The door is now shut and my children are with me in bed. I cannot rise and give to you I say to you both will not rise and give to him because he is his friend Yet because of his persistence, he will rise and give him as many as he needs Thank you We also see these other illustrations of the lost coin when the prodigal son returns and the innkeeper in the story of the Good Samaritan taking care of the wounded Person who's fallen by the side of the road. So all of these there's a focus on hospitality there's a focus on relationships on taking care of people on Gathering together in people's homes. So a lot of that kind of Reflection on Jesus's ministry that Jesus was very intentional in relationships and he was very engaged in This aspect of hospitality that he was with people spending time with people in their homes Getting to know people so in these social environments Luke is also very interested in theology So we see a few different topics that he focuses on one is Jesus as saviour of the world so he talks about The word save savior salvation occur 21 times in the gospel So gospel is also known as a gospel of salvation history Because it's so focused on salvation or Jesus as saviour What we talked about before universalism that The gospel is for all people not just for the people of Israel or the Jews So much so that he even places Samaritans on the same level as Jews So we see the story of the good Samaritan narrated in the gospel of Luke where the Samaritan is the one who is Elevated as someone whose example is to be followed right so here we see that There's no elevation of Jews above Samaritans or over any other group of people Luke also talks about the Lordship of Christ. So we see the word Lord used hundred times As compared to Matthew who is at 72 times Mark 17 times and John 44 times. So He is focused on the fact that Jesus came to be Lord Jesus came to be the master of all those who follow him and we are called to be his servants Luke also talks about the day of salvation and is very focused on the fact that that day is today so in that calling of people to Respond to Jesus today today is the day of salvation now is the time when we should receive Jesus so let's just look at maybe Luke 10 Let me just open that Luke 10 9 to 11 Luke chapter 10 verse 9 Therefore what God has joined together. Let not man separate Sorry, sorry Luke chapter 10 9 to 11 Oh, I opened it to something else. Sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry Luke chapter 10 verse 9 and Heal the sick there and say to them the kingdom of God has come near to you Verse 10, but whatever city you enter and they do not receive you go out Into its street and say verse 11 the very test of your city which clings to us We wipe off against you nevertheless know this that the kingdom of God has come near you Thank you so That focus on the kingdom of God is here which we definitely see in the other Gospels as well But Luke Uses these words now today today is the day of salvation a lot in the Gospel And then we see the joy of salvation. So Joy gladness rejoicing occurs 21 times in the book of Luke and we see four songs recorded That's Mary song in Luke one Zechariah song also in Luke one and then the angel song and Simeon song in Luke two So all of these songs are songs of joy because Of salvation that is coming in Jesus So Luke is very focused on that message of joy Because of the coming of Christ and salvation through Christ so This we'll end with this slide Luke's also Like we talked about his it's a very social Gospel Which means that his interest is not only in the outcast but also in Outcast in terms of religious circles because of their sin. He's also interested in the poor and the oppressed so outcasts because of their Their economic status. So we see seven parables that contrast the wealthy with the With those who are poor or with those who are in a stressful economic situation Let's just read Chapter 16 verses 1 to 13 if you can read that it's a little long but He also said to his disciples There was a certain rich man who had a Steward and an accusation was brought to him that this man was wasting his goods So he called him and said to him What is this I hear about you? Give an account of your stewardship for you can no longer be steward Then the steward said within himself What shall I do for my master is taking the stewardship away from me? I cannot dig I am ashamed to beg I Have resolved what to do that when I'm put out of the stewardship. They may receive me into the houses So he called every one of his masters that is to him and said to the first how much do you owe my master and He said a hundred measures of oil So he said to him take your bill and sit down quickly and write 50 Then he said to another how much did you owe? So he said a hundred measures of wheat and he said to him take your bill and write 80 So the master Commended the unjust to it because he had dealt shrewdly for the sons of this world are more shrewd in their generation than the sons of light You can go on till verse 15, please And I say to you you make friends for yourself By unrighteous mammon that when you fail they may receive you into an everlasting home He who is faithful in what is least is faithful also in much and he who is unjust in what is least is Unjust also in much Therefore if you have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon Who will commit to your trust? Who will commit to your trust the true riches and if you have not been faithful in what is another man's Who will give you what is your own? No servant can serve two masters for either he will hate the one and love the other or else He will be loyal to one and despise the other you cannot serve God and mammon Now the Pharisees who were true lovers of money also heard all these things and they derided him and he said to them You are those who justify yourselves before men But God knows your hearts for what is highly esteemed among men is an abomination in the sight of God Thank you, so In in the fact that Jesus was using parables that connected with the poor he was actually Kind of speaking to a group of people that was outside of these religious leaders because religious leaders were wealthy and So the parables themselves pointed to the fact that Jesus's heart was for the poor He was for those who were economically Struggling in some way Which means that the Pharisees didn't connect with those parables the parables were something that was very foreign Outside to what their personal experience was but Jesus was saying these are the people That my heart is fought when he was talking about these parables about the woman with the lost coin That would be something that would be so irrelevant to the Pharisees To lose one coin would be completely Would not be something that they would be concerned about but because this woman was poor And she lost a coin and it was so important to her That when she found that she rejoiced with her neighbors Jesus shows his heart for the poor whereas the parables with the Pharisees Immediately see that disconnect from these parables because it's not talking to their life experience For someone who didn't have to care about money that much we see also The last thing is Luke's interest in songs So there are few four hymns the four hymns We actually just talked about in Luke one and Luke two These hymns actually became Songs that start to be sung in the church So the song of Mary when she visits Elizabeth Song of Zacharias when John the Baptist is born the song of the angels when Jesus is born and Simeon song when Jesus is dedicated at the temple. So these are the four Songs that Luke records, which is very unique to Luke itself These are not recorded in the other Gospels So we'll close with this We didn't have a chance to address any questions in the book of Mark Which we finished on Monday So if you have any questions anything else you would like to share we can Discuss that If you have any questions on the book of Mark any thoughts that you all wanted to share from what we had discussed Or what we've covered today as well But John Mark and Mark are the same person Yes. Yes. Yeah, so he was not one of the 12th With the Apostles Okay, so what I'll do is if there are no other questions We'll I'll post the list of Chapters with and I'll assign it to Luke has 24 chapters So we'll assign that to 24 people for Monday Sanjay's posted is it true that Luke was a physician Doctor by profession. Yes That's that's as much as we know about Luke and that's something we look at on Monday as well we haven't gone into the author and The recipients the specific occasion for writing the book of Luke So those are some things we look at more on Monday before we begin the outline of Luke Yeah About when Satan came to tempt Jesus So in both like three situations are there regarding to bread And when he took to the top of the temple and when he asked Jesus to go down but like in Matthew and look it is like slight difference in Luke. It is sequence is changed Okay. Yeah, like the third thing is in Matthew It is like the go down when he asked to ask go down in front of me that is on third in Matthew But in Luke it is on second. So how come it is changed? Okay, so Luke. Can you give us the reference please? Luke for Okay, and nine is where He will command his angels Okay, so Luke has this Temptation third and my Matthew has its second is it Okay so one thing that we know is They were both writing with the same purpose right so From the end of the story what you understand from that of Jesus's temptation Of how Jesus was tempted the specific things that he was tempted about Is the same in both the Gospels and how Jesus responds From scripture is also the same. So with these things They were not so concerned about recording things In a timeline like this happened first this happened second this happened third They were much more interested in getting their message across so at the end of this what have we Understood about Jesus's experience of being tempted. What were the things Satan was trying to tempt Jesus about? So Jesus was trying to tempt Jesus to use his authority as the son of God in a way that benefited himself right so Or to test the father So the story is the same like what we learn is the same that we are not supposed to we don't test God We don't use the authority that is given to us for our own benefit. We use it For the benefit of the other of other people to serve other people So in that way the gospel writers write their things differently you write their stories differently But it's based on their goal So Matthew and look even though they've interchanged those things They're not trying to say this happened. This was the first test. This was the second test It is that is not their main point their main point is these were the things that The temptations that came these were the ways that Jesus overcame temptation So that that is the reason why they may record it differently. They may not use the same words all of that is that Satisfactory answer Okay, any other questions sister, I have a question Yes, yes Luke was not with he was not one of the disciples of Jesus, right? He was not yes. Yeah, but he has written this gospel in so much detail and so much Explanation, I mean he learned it from others Yes, so we see in Luke one two where he says That The Gospels were written through eyewitness accounts So then verse three he says I have carefully investigated everything from the beginning So that means he's gone back and he's talked to These eyewitnesses to make his own record Of what happened and also we know that Luke was traveling with Paul on some of his missionary journeys So a lot of what Luke writes is from his interactions with Paul from his interactions with Eyewitnesses of Jesus's ministry so with the other apostles So Luke that's why we say he's a historian In that he does his research and then he makes He makes this account so it's not based on his own experience But it's based on the research that he's done Okay, thank you sister Thank you Lucy says Jesus Christ had many temptations only three are recorded for us Yes, so as far as we know or The gospel writers have chosen to talk about this specifically to talk about Jesus in this Being taken to the wilderness being taken into a time of testing So there is also a specific purpose in that record There may have been other temptations that he faced That are not mentioned for whatever reason but the wilderness experience is mentioned as something that We can expect as well right the Holy Spirit himself leads Jesus into the wilderness To be tempted and so when we are tested when we are tempted we know that Just as Jesus overcame God will give us the strength to overcome those temptations so That is the purpose of them being recorded for us and That we can learn from how Jesus overcame temptation as well What is also interesting is that? It's Comparable to the Israelites in the wilderness. So the Israelites were taken into the wilderness They tested God so when you look at these three examples of Jesus's temptation It's all related to the Israelites in the wilderness Don't test God Sorry all of the we look if if you want to look at all of the temptations next week We can do that but all three of them are related to the wilderness experience of the Israelites and so It's kind of comparing how Jesus overcame temptation in the wilderness while these lights did not while these lights actually Fell and fell away from God in the wilderness So, yeah I hope that answers your question Okay, so we are past time if you'll have any more questions we can cover that on Monday Or we'll just continue with where we stopped. Thank you all Thank you