 Welcome to the session of Introduction to the LT-SPICE software. Learning outcome of the session. In this session we are going to see the use of the LT-SPICE software. We are going to see the adding of the component, creating the schematic, simulating and observing the output in the LT-SPICE software. The LT-SPICE software is basically based on the SPICE simulation or the SPICE tool. The SPICE is nothing but a simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis. LT-SPICE is a high performance SPICE simulator software which will provide you the schematic capture, waveform weaver and it will provide the models for simulation of analog circuit. The software is freeware. So how you can get the LT-SPICE software? Go to the website www.linear.com obliqueltispice. So left click on download for Windows 7, 8 and 10. Start the LT-SPICE software and install it in your system. Register for the My Linear account in order to receive the update. So let before proceeding let me ask you one question. What are the other softwares available for the simulation of electronic circuits? You can pause the video, think about the question. You can search on the web for the software is available for the simulation. You can write down your answer in your notebook written to the session to see the answer. Let me give you the answer. There are different softwares available such as Orchard Capture, Tina that is developed by the Texas Instrument, Plex, Electric VLSI Design System and Logism. Let us see the simulation of half-wave rectifier in LT-SPICE software. So what is a half-wave rectifier? The basically half-wave rectifier consists of the diode. You know that the diode conduct only when its anode is connected to the positive terminal and its cathode is connected to the negative terminal. When you connect the anode to the positive and cathode to the negative it will act as a closed switch and thus whatever the input present at the diode will appear at the output. So from the figure you can see that during the positive half-section or during the positive half-cycle of the input the diode will receive the positive at the anode and negative at the cathode because of that this positive waveform half-section will be available at the output whereas during the negative half-cycle the diodes anode will receive the negative and diodes cathode will receive the positive because of that it will act as open circuit and the output of the diode will have a zero output. So we have to see the effect by simulation of the half-wave rectifier in the LT-SPICE software. So this is the LT-SPICE software environment. Here you can select the create from this option you can create the new file or new symbol you can save the file. From this view we can view the toolbar or disable the view of the tool toolbar and from tools you can select the control panel color preferences etc. From file create go to the file and create a new schematic. So here is an environment where you can draw the schematic. There are different options are available here. So this is the option for adding the component, this is the option for adding the diode, this is the option for adding the inductor, similarly this is the option for adding the capacitor, this is for adding the resistor and this is for labeling a net. And this is the symbol for ground and this is the symbol for wires. So this option is for the copy of the component, from this option you can delete the component, is the option for zooming and this is the option for simulation. This option will provide you the control panel. Here is an option which is used up for the adding the commands. Now for the half rectifier the basic component that we need is the diode. So, go to the component click diode. So, here is an option of diode. So, this is the directory where you can get the different components. So, from that we I am going to select the diode click on ok. In order to rotate the component you can use control R. So, in this way you can rotate the component. So, let us add the component here in order to deselect the component you can press escape. Now let us add the input supply input source. Let us add the input source here type voltage. So, here you can see the symbol of the supply voltage and click ok. Add the supply here. Now deselect the component press escape. Next output resistor. So, here is an option of the resistor click on that option and add the resistor. Now let us add the wires. So, there is a option of wire click on that option click on the positive terminal from here connect this terminal to here and from here connect this terminal to here. From here I will connect this terminal to here. In order to deselect the wire just press escape. Now, in order to give the supply I am going to provide the sinusoidal input. So, if you move your cursor over the component there is a one option will appear. So, when you see this option just right click your mouse. Now here you can see the different parameters. So, in this I am going to go to the advance. So, when you go to the advance there are different options are available. So, go to the sign. So, DC offset voltage I will give you give the value 0. Amplitude let us give the 5 volt and frequency let us give the 50 hertz. If you do not give the any value after the 50 it will automatically take it as a hertz. If you want to give the value in mega you have to type a capital M. If you want to give the value in milli then you have to type milli small m. It means that it will take it as a milli hertz. If you want to give the giga hertz then just g. So, 50 means means that it will take it as a 50 hertz and click on ok. So, here you can see the sign input is sinusoidal from 0 the with the offset voltage of 0 amplitude of 5 and frequency of 50 hertz. Now, let us select the diode. Go to the option you will select go to the diode symbol move your cursor over this diode symbol you can you will see the one option there right click your mouse and select pick a new diode and from that select 1 n 4 1 4 8 we click on ok. In order to give the value of the resistance just right click over that and give the value of the resistance say 1. If you want to give the value in kilo ohm just write k. If you want to give the value in mega ohm write capital M. Now, I am going to write the value k stands for kilo ohm and click ok. After that I am going to connect the ground. So, click on that and here ground. So, here is a complete schematic of the half hour rectifier. Now in order to simulate this we have to go to the simulate option and there is an option of edit simulation command. So, this command will provide you different options such as AC analysis DC sweep analysis noise margin DC transfer output to the input and a DC operation point calculation. So, in this I am going to select the transient response and the stop time will be 50 millisecond. So, the waveform will simulated for this 50 millisecond and after that the output will be appears. So, you can see the symbol when you move your cursor here you can see the option of run. So, press that option run. Now you can see the here is the output window and here is the your schematic. Now if you want to observe the output voltage then just move your cursor over that terminal where you want to observe the output you can see the symbol of the voltage marker. So, this is a red indicate that the pencil indicate that the voltage marker. If you want to observe the current flowing through the resistor then if you move your cursor over that resistor you can observe the there is a one emitter present that indicate the flow of the current. The red arrow indicate the direction of the current. Similarly, if you move your cursor over the voltage input of the diode then you will see the voltage marker. If you move your cursor over the diode you will see the current marker. In case of the input source you can see the direction of the current. So, let us see the input voltage. So, this is the input voltage as you can see this is sinusoidal waveform. So, this is the voltage axis if you want to zoom over the waveform you can select this area and zoom that. In order to zoom out you can select this zoom out and if you right click over that waveform there is an option of zoom to fit. So, just click that and it will reset your waveform or the waveform will fit to your area. Now in order to delete this particular waveform just go to the cut and this waveform has to be deleted then click here. So, the waveform will deleted. In order to observe the output just press here this is the output and for the input this is the input. The green waveform represents the output and the blue waveform represents the input. In this way we have simulated the half wave rectifier in LTSPY software and what we have seen here we have seen how to add the component, how to connect those components with the wire, how to give the values to those components and how to set the simulation parameters in the LTSPY software. These are the references used for the session. Thank you.