 Natural regeneration is an option because it is an important component of what forest and landscape restoration entails. That is, forest and landscape restoration includes restorative activities such as tree planting for commercial or protective purposes, establishment of agroforestry systems, conservation of native habitat, as well as letting natural regeneration processes undertake its path. And it works basically by removing key stressors in human modified habitat. If we have a natural setting such as a mountain, if there's a landslide that removes the top soil and the vegetation, natural regeneration over time will regain, reclaim that site. And the equivalent applies to human modified systems. When you abandon agricultural activities or cattle raising activities and you are close to seed sources and the land use has not been that intensive or that intense, so to speak, then natural regeneration operates on its own. It is often more effective than active approaches when you have clear objectives. That is, natural regeneration is very cost-effective because you don't need human labor. All you need is to leave the area that you're aiming at, regenerate, leave it to rest. So human inputs and financial inputs are minimal. So when your management objectives call for those conditions, then that's when it becomes the best option as opposed to, say, active tree planting. In many ways, but I will stress one that is being implemented now. CIFOR has worked a lot on discerning what are the biophysical as well as socioeconomic factors that determine natural regeneration to persist over time and to become successful in terms of recovering biodiversity and ecosystem services. With that framework in mind, CIFOR has advanced the arena of natural forest regeneration into the planning decision-making dimension. And now we're building with collaborators in Brazil and Australia, very sophisticated models that help users to predict where, in space and time, natural regeneration is likely to become an option for biodiversity conservation, provisional of environmental services. One key consideration is to refine the mapping component of natural regeneration. In other words, we are used to forest cover maps that have either forest or no forest, or that can detect, for example, plantations, tree plantations. But in the case of natural regeneration, it's technically sometimes difficult to detect in remote sensing, but the technology is advancing very rapidly. And one key issue to me is to really make maps that make natural regeneration visible. So that decision makers and land use planners can incorporate these land use types into broader landscape restoration approaches, which so far has been not very prominent. And another key issue that I believe it's important to highlight is the fact that in many cases, different government organizations or institutions have a mandate over natural regeneration because it is at the interface between agriculture and forestry. And we have many cases in the tropics that conflicting mandates undermine the persistence of these resources over time.