 The objective of peer review is to choose what papers represent genuine advances in the state of the art in a certain scientific field. If we take cryptography, for example, there is a body of literature that already exists in and the peer review process tries to evaluate whether a certain contribution is a substantial step forward given that existing body of scientific work in cryptography that is already being documented. So it is really the core process that scientific cryptography uses to advance forward. So there are several dimensions that make this process what it is. The most important as it is manifested by the conferences of the International Association for Cryptologic Research, Crypto, Euro Crypt and Asia Crypt being the so-called flagship conferences, is that it follows a double blind reviewing process. So what does double blind mean? Basically, if you want to submit something to the conference, you have to produce a detailed manuscript that has to be complete in a number of ways. It has to have full substanciation of all the claims, complete proofs, theorems and lemmas that are necessary to support those claims and a complete description of all the necessary material that is needed to test the veracity of all the claims. Then you package that in a document which is submitted without any indication of what are the authors behind the manuscript. Now this is submitted to a committee of experts which is selected by the community and every year it's a different set of experts for each conference. The experts may range in numbers from 40 to 50 and they're selected by a team of two program chairs which are appointed by the directors, the board of directors of the ISCR. The experts that are selected to review a particular manuscript which is for submission, they also are anonymous to the authors. So when finally the decision regarding a particular manuscript is furnished, the names of the experts are not revealed. So this double blinding is what typifies this process. The purpose of this double blinding is to ensure that there is as little bias as possible. The important thing here is to keep in mind that the process tries to as neutrally as possible decide whether a certain paper is a substantial advancement forward and this has to be done on first principles only. In other words, biases that have to do for instance with marketing, with the fame of the authors, with personal connections potentially between those that are reviewing and those that are producing those manuscripts, all that have to be removed from the process as much as possible and this is what is achieved by this double blinding reviewing process. So participating in peer review process can happen in two ways. So one is by submitting a manuscript for peer review. So this is done by finding a conference or a journal that solicits papers and these are solicitations for papers called call for papers that are available online. In these call for papers there is a description of what the particular conference is looking for and also what are the group of experts that will be evaluating the submitted work as well as what are the specifics of typesetting that the manuscript submitted should satisfy in order to be evaluated. And this is an open process so anybody can submit a manuscript for peer review. On the other hand participating as an expert is something that is done by invitation only and this only comes after a many year commitment to advancing the scientific research in a particular area. So for example in cryptography the people that participate as program committee members are people that have done research in universities and research centers for many many years, have taught cryptography courses, have produced a lot of important results in the area that have been recognized by their peers. And then after this type of commitment to the scientific area of cryptography an invitation is typically comes for participation in a program committee of such a conference. And this event actually is a distinction and it's something that people are proud of certainly to serve as members in a program committee of a conference like Crypto, Euro Crypt or Asia Crypt. Peer review is important for cryptocurrencies because it enables the area to mature and lay solid foundations upon which protocols that are implemented and carry value for their users can actually be trusted to do so. There is very important to produce systems that are robust and resilient to faults and just the fact that the system, a certain system is working at the present time is not necessarily a proof that it will continue to do so in the long run. It is very important to have proper assurances as those that are provided by scientific cryptographic work that these systems are resilient to attacks. For this reason it is important to build models within which we can analyze the security of cryptocurrencies and distributed ledgers and have proofs that they operate within the proper bounds for safe and fault resilient operation. So using these tools that are provided by this scientific process we can be certain that the systems will not be attacked and the assets that they record they are not going to be at risk.