 Good evening aspirants welcome to daily news analysis by Shankar A.S academy today's date is 11th November 2023 displayed here are the list of topics we are going to see today. Now before we get into the discussion I have for an announcement pre-storming the series of Shankar A.S academy the batch three of pre-storming the series is going to begin on 16th November 2023 the first test will happen on 22nd November 2023 other details regarding the announcement are given in the description you can go through it now let us get into the discussion look at this article it covers the most important challenge of the recent times that is the issue of crop residue burning or stubble burning this is primarily a socio-neuronmental issue which is affecting the air quality of North India so in this context let us quickly go through what is stubble burning issues related to it and various steps taken by government in our usual main sanser writing approach so this is the question examine the issues related to stubble burning and list out the measures to prevent this this question can be asked in GS paper 3 under the syllabus conservation environmental pollution degradation environmental impact assessment the only key word in the question is examine so we are expected to present a clarity about various perspective of this issue let us start with the introduction the intro can be a simple one just explaining the phenomenon see stubble burning is supposed to harvest practice primarily used to clear the fields of paddy crop residue by burning them this is commonly practiced in Punjab, Haryana and western part of Uttar Pradesh this method is used to remove the waste of summer crop that is rice and make the field ready for winter crop that is wheat recently there is increasing air pollution in new delhi and surrounding areas stubble burning is one of the important contributor to this pollution in this way you can link the intro with the body of the answer now coming to the body part it can be divided into two sections firstly we are going to discuss about the issues related to stubble burning and secondly we are going to see about the measures taken by government to prevent the stubble burning let us start with the issues first is air pollution generally stubble burning is a significant source of gaseous pollutants such as carbon dioxide carbon monoxide nitrogen oxides methane and particulate matter these pollutants cause serious damage to human health and environment and also to agricultural practices secondly loss of soil fertility the heat released from stubble burning gets penetrated into the soil so this will cause increase in soil erosion loss of useful microbes in soil and also loss of soil moisture so this will lead to soil degradation and loss of soil fertility for example the heat from stubble burning penetrates to 1 centimeter into soil so this will increase the temperature to around 400 degrees Celsius the next important issue is current account deficit generally stubble burning leads to depletion of various nutrients in soil like nitrogen phosphorus sulfur and potassium these nutrients are essential to the soil health and crop growth the depletion of these nutrients will demand more fertilizers in next cropping cycle so more fertilizers have to be imported in order to compensate this loss of nutrients for example indian subsidy bills amount to 2.25 lakh crores in 2022 so this increase in import bills will in turn increase our current account deficit the next important issue is global warming stubble burning also releases harmful greenhouse gases that contribute to pollution and climate change next impact on human health there have been several health effects caused by air pollution from stubble burning such as skin irritation, cardiovascular problems and respiratory problems so these are important issues associated with stubble burning now let us see the steps taken by government to prevent stubble burning central government has introduced a scheme called promotion of agricultural mechanization for in situ management of crop residue this scheme is implemented in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi according to the scheme farmers are given financial assistance for the purchase of machinery to deal with management of crop residue moreover the state government is also taking steps to reduce the burning of stubble next is Pusa decomposer it is developed by Indian agricultural research institute and it is a bio enzyme which can decompose the crop residue so Pusa will decompose the stubble within 20 to 25 days and turn the stubble into manure thus improving the soil quality next is pelletization paddy straw when dried and transformed into pellets become an alternate fuel source when mixed with coal these pellets can be used in thermal power plants and industries thus saving our coal usage and lowering carbon emissions next is happy cedar machine the government is providing various incentives to the farmers to use this machine happy cedar is a tractor mounted machine it can be used to cut and lift the rice straw which is left after the cultivation so this is the body part of the answer now let us see the conclusion stubble burning is a socio-neuromental issue which deals with livelihoods of farmers and life of citizens at the same time the combination of legislative technological and behavioral change is needed to eradicate this issue so this is all about the discussion here we have seen the various issues associated with stubble burning and what are the measures taken to prevent it now let us move to the next topic take a look at this news article according to directorate of public health and preventive medicine Tamil Nadu has crossed 95 percentage of overall immunization coverage so in this news article discussion let us understand about universal immunization program see the immunization program in India was launched in 1978 under the name of expanded program of immunization this is carried out by ministry of health and family welfare later in 1985 the program was modified as universal immunization program that is this program is aimed to prevent mortality in children and pregnant women by providing vaccination against 12 vaccine preventable diseases but the increase in immunization coverage was lower than expected for example there was just one percentage increase in immunization between 2009 and 2013 so in order to increase the immunization coverage mission Indra Dhanush was implemented in 2015 the aim was to increase the immunization coverage to 90 percentage under this scheme also the vaccine was provided for 12 vaccine preventable diseases among these 12 vaccine preventable diseases the vaccines for 9 diseases were given in national level the diseases include diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, mesils, rubella, hepatitis b, meningitis and pneumonia the vaccination for other three diseases that is rotavirus diarrhea, pneumonia and japanese encephalitis were distributed at regional levels that is only in few parts of the country so the vaccine for the nine diseases were issued throughout the country and the vaccine for these three diseases were given only in affected areas so these 12 vaccines comprise the mission Indra Dhanush scheme in 2017 intensified mission Indra Dhanush was launched to give a greater focus on urban areas then the mission Indra Dhanush was upgraded and finally in august 2023 mission Indra Dhanush 5.0 was launched and its aim is to eradicate mesils and rubella by 2023 so this is all about the discussion now let us move to the next topic look at this news article the index of industrial production for september month has fallen from 10.3 percentage to 5.8 percentage in this context let us understand a few facts about index of industrial production it is one of the prime indicators of economic development it is nothing but a composite indicator that measures short-term changes in volume of protection in a basket of industrial products this is done for a given period with respect to a chosen base period know that index of industrial production is published by national statistical office and it is released on a monthly basis the base year for IIP is 2011 to 12 there is also another index called index of eight core industries it is published by office of economic advisor under ministry of commerce and industry the eight core industries were coal crude oil natural gas petroleum refinery products fertilizers steel cement and electricity these eight core industries from 40 percentage of index of industrial production so as we saw earlier index of industrial production is compiled and published by national statistical office until 2019 this index was released by central statistical office know that from 2019 the central statistical office and national sample survey office are merged to form national statistical office ns o so at present ns o functions under ministry of statistics and program implementation ns o acts as a nodal agency for planned development of statistical system in the country so this is all about the discussion now let us move to the next topic look at this news article world's first vaccine for chicken gunia was approved in us it was developed in europe and it was named as xchick know that it was approved for people of age 18 and above who are at the risk of exposure so this is the crux of the news article in our discussion let us see some basic facts about chicken gunia chicken gunia is a mosquito bond viral disease it is an RNA virus that is spread by the bite of ad's egypt and ad's albopictus mosquitoes these are the same mosquitoes that transmit dengue virus the first major outbreak of chicken gunia virus was reported from tanzania in 1952 since then it was identified in nearly 40 countries in asia africa europe and america now let us see how it spreads chicken gunia is primarily spread by a bite of ad's mosquito humans are major source or reservoir of chicken gunia virus therefore mosquito usually transmits a disease by biting an infected person and then biting someone else in this way chicken gunia is usually spread among the people know that this disease is not contagious it means an infected person cannot spread the infection directly to other persons but it is spread only through the bite of mosquitoes the transmission cycle of chicken gunia is displayed here have a look at it now coming to the symptoms of this disease usually the symptoms begin four to eight days after a mosquito bite and the most common symptom is onset of fever accompanied by joint pain the other symptoms include muscle pain headache nausea fatigue and rashes various tests like enzyme linked immunosorbent assays that is elisa test can be used to confirm the presence of this disease the world's first vaccine for chicken gunia is only recently approved in us but currently there are no vaccines at mass level so this is all about the discussion now let us move to the next topic look at this news article it mentions about vibrant village program and in the tibetian border police force so in our discussion we are going to see about these two things first let us take up vibrant village program it is a centrally sponsored scheme announced in the union budget 2023 it is introduced for development of village along border areas its aim is to improve the quality of life living in the identified border villages it will cover the border areas of Himachal Pradesh Uttarkan Arunachal Pradesh Sikkim and union territory of Ladakh the action plans for this program will be created by district administration with the help of gram panchayats note that there is a similar scheme called border area development program which will be implemented separately now coming to the objectives of the scheme it promotes social entrepreneurship empowerment of youth and women through skill development next it leverages the tourism for the development of these villages it also ensures the development of sustainable agro businesses and the concept of one village one product it is done through community-based organizations cooperatives and NGOs the focus area for the scheme will be road connectivity drinking water electricity through solar and wind energy mobile and internet connectivity healthcare infrastructure etc so this is all about vibrant village program now let us see about indoor tibetian border police it is one of the central armed police forces of India it is a specialized mountain force and it was created in 1962 during Indo-China war itbp was initially raised under crp effect but in 1992 parliament enacted a separate act for itbp including itbp there were seven central armed police forces they were asam rifles border security force central industrial security force central reserve police force Indo-Tibetian border police national security guards shastra sima ball so these were seven central armed police forces and they do not come under the control of army they function under the ministry of home affairs so this is all about this discussion now we have come to the prelims practice question discussion look at the first question it is about chicken gunia virus look at the first statement it is a dna virus which spreads through ad sage bd mosquito this is partially incorrect because it is a RNA virus look at the second statement it is one of the neglected tropical disease yes this statement is correct the third statement says it is conteguia in nature this is incorrect because chicken gunia is not conteguia so the correct option is a only one moving on to the second question it is about vibrant villages program the concept is to improve the living condition of people living close to lion of factual control exclusively this statement is incorrect because this program aims to comprehensively develop the villages along the northern border not just along the lion of factual control look at the second statement the program focuses on improving the social and financial infrastructure yes this statement is correct the third statement it is based on the idea of competitive federalism yes this statement is also correct so only the first statement is incorrect the question asks which of the statements are incorrect so the correct answer is option a only one moving on to the third question consider the following diseases how many of the diseases mentioned above are covered under universal immunization program japanese encephalitis and ruballa are covered under uap malaria is not covered under uap so the correct answer is option b only two with this we have come to the end of the discussion if you like the video please share it with your friends and don't forget to subscribe to shankara is youtube channel i want you to inform that news analysis video for next three days will not be published due to the bali holidays thank you