 Short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, peteric acid, valeric acid, and caproic acid, can be produced through anaerobic fermentation of lignocellulosic waste products. These acids are more cost-effective than chemical synthesis, which uses fossil fuels and toxic catalysts. Additionally, they can be used as a source of bioproducts, contributing to the development of a circular economy. Biosynthetic production of SCFAs from waste products has been studied extensively, and several applications have been identified. Micro-organisms such as bacteria and oleogenous yeast can convert SCFAs into biomass, biopolymers, and biofuels. Furthermore, microbial electrolytic cells can be used to convert SCFAs into valuable products. Finally, SCFAs can be used to produce biodegradable plastic polymers, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates. This article was authored by Elia Thomas Pejo, Christina Gonzalez-Fernandez, Sylvia Grises, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.