 So, this is the last session of the workshop. There isn't anything planned as such, there is an open session, you can use this much like the introductory section to share with us whatever you want to share as a teacher. Also, if there is some specific feedback, we have collected your feedback, but if you would like to tell it to my face directly, I will appreciate even that. It's just an open session, we have about an hour for this, then the guest will come and we will have a valid activity function. So, one thing which I was kind of curious to know is the national integration aspect of it. I know people I have seen from Andhra, Tamil Nadu, many other places, just to see what the composition of the workshop is. We will do that exercise in a little while, I will just call up state-wise, I will just like to see each state how well it is represented, just as a fun activity. We will do it shortly, but before that if there is anything, the floor is open, anyone wants to tell anything about anything, you are welcome. Hello, good afternoon madam. I just want to ask one, it is not related with course, it is just a general question. Like when you are interacting with your students, might be it's a class of 150, 200, 250. So which one is easy to handle, your students are to handle different coordinators. Actually the duration was only five days and for a good portion of the time I think you are engaged in the lab exercises. So overall my experience of this has been very smooth. In fact I was, the first day I had a sleepless, I wouldn't say sleepless night, but I was a little bit, I was doing this large scale for the first time. I mean I have conducted smaller workshops, but they involved at most 70, 80 teachers. This is the first time where it is 250 and thinking about the future also the 10,000 or 8,000. It was a little bit tense for me, so the day before the first day, the night I had difficulty falling asleep. Normally I sleep quite easily, but compared to whatever it is it had, according to my expectations ran very smoothly. I think a big thanks would be to Dr. Mukta's team, they just let me focus on the technical aspects, rest of the details they have handled it excellently. So I wasn't burdened with any of those details. I could focus on what I know best, which is the content and managing the student-teacher kind of a thing. So overall I felt and also seeing the level of enthusiasm of some of you, I mean I'm not, this is not a complaint, it's a compliment that whenever I'm free, I mean I was really touched by the amount of people coming up to me and sharing whatever it is, asking questions or sharing something about their institute. The fact that I couldn't have lunch on time or I was constantly talking, it didn't bother me at all. In fact I was very happy to be doing it and that shows the level of enthusiasm of many of you and that itself is a very touching thing. Overall I'm very happy with the way the workshop has happened. So comparing with the students, it's a too short a duration. I think probably the students are a little bit more trouble. I think you have been easier to handle more because you're all very mature adults. So yeah. Madam, can I know your workload? Workload. Because in our college we'll be having two theory classes and one practical lab. Apart from that documentation works and other related works. So it is difficult to handle. So workload, I mean that way our department is very fortunate. We have a large group of faculty. We are about 40 in our department. In fact IIT Bombay has the largest faculty strength in CSC. I would probably say across India. I don't know if it's across Asia. Lot of the other IITs, I think the strength is around 25, 30, 35. So we are doing very well that way. So because of the fact that we have large numbers, our teaching load is relatively light. In other words we teach two subjects in a year. Often one will be a UG course and one will be a PG course. So that is the teaching aspect of it. And sometimes the UG courses have a lab component also. So that adds to a little bit more load. We handle about 100 students at the UG level. At the PG level it's a function of the popularity of your course. Typically the computer networks, the kind of courses we run, it leads into 100 even there because these are also rather popular courses. That's from the teaching side. So research side we have, I mean at least I can speak from my perspective about 3, 4 BTECH students on the average. This time around because I have all these things working, I was managing 10 BTECH students also as part of R&D. So I was handling roughly about 12, 13 students apart from the teaching. So that's the research aspect of it. Naturally when you handle students you have to read up yourself, you have to think what they should do next. So all that also adds up. We also have a little bit of an administrative load where you are part of some committee. For example, I am part of this DPGC which handles postgraduate affairs. So what are the issues faced by the PG students policy making things like that. So there is some administrative load also. I am also part of a committee called PhD reforms committee which is looking into how to attract PhD students to IIT Bombay. So that way there will be some administrative load. So what this all boils down to finally is in a day, I mean probably it's true for many teachers as such. It's a flexible system. You can load yourself as much as you want by taking on more student doing more research so on. The fundamental thing of just teaching an administrative by itself probably is not that much load. You can manage it very comfortably. But research is an undefined thing. You can burden yourself or you can try to shoot for the stars where even 16, 17 hours a day is not enough or you could take it slightly easier where maybe 10, you can manage with maybe 8 to 10 hours a day. Yeah, it's somewhere along that. It's a packed day. So the fact that it is, I do feel and of course this is the professional life and then you have your own personal life, children, blah, blah. So it's typically a packed day. I do feel, but I enjoy the work. So I have no complaints, but leisure is something which is a rarity in my life at least. I don't know what others, but... Calling their parents and telling them that, no, it's something like whether to continue them in the institute or throw them out of the institute. Okay. How is it done? Yeah. And the second question is, is there any feedback from the student side about the teaching quality of a faculty in this institute? So there is, so we do monitor student progress over the academic course. So we have an academic probation program also. So all week students, there is a system in place where we get queries from the administration as to how this... So if the student is in the academic program, we have to periodically inform them as to how the student is doing in the current course. They talk with the student. We also have, for example, the medical, like any psychiatric help, whatever is there, they do provide those kind of support system also. The parents are kept in the loop of naturally if a student is falling behind, the dean of student affairs is in contact with the parents also. This is only in case the student is flunking and he will be potentially be kicked out of the program. That is when all these things come into play. Other than that, it is up to the individual faculty to see some faculty pay attention to the weaker students, some kind of let them slip through the cracks. It's totally faculty dependent. That is your first question. So teachers, all teachers have, so the end of a semester when you do a course, there is a teaching evaluation that the students would do. Sometime back it was not compulsory. So in a class of maybe 100, maybe 40, 50 will fill, then later they made it compulsory. Then I think we regretted the decision of making it compulsory because all teachers' scores kind of dropped. But because if you make it compulsory, these are many of the students who have not attended your lectures. And then they're trying to evaluate what can they tell. They'll just say neutral most of the time or if they're, for some reason, unhappy with you because you didn't grade them properly or they'll just give negative feedback. So it wasn't quite correlating with, so it was leading to a lot of frustration among the teachers. So then I think they again made it optional. I have a student here with me. So he is, what is it right now? Is it compulsory or? I see. Okay. They have provided an option where you say, I don't want to fill the form. Yeah. They made it that your grades are displayed only when you fill the form. But now I think they went back on that. Hello. So the student perspective, by the way, I should, people think, right? So we have a student also among us. So from the student perspective, if you have any questions, you can direct to him as well. Hello, ma'am. Ma'am, actually the students of IIT, irrespective of IIT Bombay or IIT Kanpur or any IIT, they are the cream of the country. They are? They are the cream of the country. The cream of the country. And if the faculty are just outstanding, but at the same time, as you say or some of your experiences in the teaching that in the first class to the last class, the student attendance deteriorates from 100 to 20. It's a big concern with the students, with the education system. So what do you feel exactly? We also perceive the same thing. We are taking the residues of the creams and with the faculty in private engineering colleges, the status. So we are also facing the same problem as you are facing. So is there any planning that the morality, the ethics of the students, as well as the human as a whole, is deteriorating day by day, whether they, as MSRD or from Government of India, is there any planning, do you have any knowledge about that floating any kind of course for evaluating, not only for the technical, for making a good human being? Is there any planning from IIT site or from Government of India? Do you have any idea about it? See there are already some mechanisms in place even in the current system. So for example, within IITB itself, the kind of courses we can float, especially at the UG level, certain courses are compulsory, then there are electives and at the PG level, there are a lot of electives. So what course you want to float, it's totally, the faculty is entirely free. So that way we are less constrained by syllabus or anything. So we are, whatever we want to teach the latest trends, whatever it is, we can potentially teach our own students. So that way the system is flexible. To make a good human being kind of a thing, we also have a lot of HSS, the Humanities courses and one, at least at the PG level, one Institute elective, which, so one Humanities course, this communication kind of a course is compulsory, but they also have one Institute elective, which the people do take from Humanities Department and they, at the UG level also, I think there are quite a few courses that are compulsory for them. So they deal with some of these ethics and other aspects of humanities. So they do do such courses, the introduction of such courses has taken place. But the end of the day, some of the issues which, I mean, this is again my reading into the overall problem is the generation has, there is definitely, I don't know, maybe each generation feels that way about the future generations. We always complain, things were so nice in the past, things are deteriorating. I think it's a general complaint. Things also improve. So for example, looking at the technology, the fact that we are able to communicate so much with the internet, with the cellular technology and everything, like I did a survey yesterday, I was able to show it to you today. So there are a lot of good things about it, but this kind of same technology also, the attention span, everything, this is the entitled generation as I call everything is handed to them in a platter and thereby the appreciation of things has also gone down because there is so much stuff they are exposed to, which is, I don't know, it's a mixed, it's a double its word. So they know what happens in MIT. So when they evaluate us, they are comparing us with the faculty there and kind of making a comparison. So similarly, at your level, they'll compare with you with maybe some of the higher ups. So that way, you have an incentive to raise up, but at the same time because of this exposure to technology, their interest levels of what they want to do, it's like kind of also degrading in terms of their interest levels in the subject per se, unless there is some job hanging or whatever, that's when they pay attention. Learning for learning's sake has significantly come down, but that is again what maybe everyone feels about the next generation. So we try to tackle it on a case-by-case basis, like we try, for example, if I'm teaching, I try to include real-life examples, do something within my means. At the institute level, also periodically, we do have discussions on what is it that we can do to make them learn better. So we have this forum that focuses exclusively on teacher training to ensure that the pedagogical practices, this active learning, whatever principles are there. So they conduct a lot of workshops for students, for teachers to ensure that effective learning is happening. So some such things are done. It's there in our mind, we keep discussing periodically whether, and we do implement certain things, certain things work, certain things don't work, it's a continuous experimentation that happens. Ma'am, do you maintain the same pace as you are maintaining for here and in your video lecture, in your classroom, when you are teaching to the IIT students? Pace is, so this one, so if you see my video lectures, whatever pace I have maintained, in fact the same video lectures I've used for my own class. So the videos as far as concern, whatever way I talk within them is how I do even my face-to-face interaction with the students. And do you allow interrupts in your class because here you are not allowing, you are saying that, okay, beyond this couple, let's say, put in the last part of the discussion. So do you allow within your one hour, one hour 15 minutes class, you allow interrupts to the students, encouraging the students to ask the questions in your interrupts? That's because how many ask questions in a class? It depends again on the subject, I'm sure. So I just wanted to know how it is across other courses. In my class also, as I said, there's a good, so when I'm teaching naturally, I expect them to interrupt and ask because unless the concept is clear, we cannot proceed further. So it depends upon the subject and what is it that I'm talking about. So if it is, in the interest of time, sometimes even there, I'll have to cut it short because it is deviating, I'll say, come meet me after class hours and we can talk further. So similar mechanisms are in place. But I do permit to a good extent, depends upon the type of question. If it's an understanding question which without their understanding they cannot follow further, I answer it right away. But if it's an orthogonal question, if it's a small thing I answer, if it is kind of a lengthy discussion, I'll take it out of the class. Okay. Thank you. Hello, madam. My question is related to Mumbai University and the private resource centers like our college, Tehran Engineering College. And as a part of PhD, we have mandatory coursework. Consider one of the students is registered to our PhD center and he would like to pursue his PhD in networking and something like that. So will you entertain any outsider to attend your MTech course? And if so, what is the procedure to register for your course? So if there is an IITB degree involved, there is nothing an individual faculty can do about it. If he has to have an MTech degree from IIT, then he has to go through the admission process as dictated by the... I'm asking if any student registered for PhD in my college and as a part of coursework, he has to do the course from IIT, especially consider your course of advanced computer networking, something like that. Will you entertain any outsider as a student for MTech course? And if so, what is the procedure? There is no such procedure in place. So even auditing is like, first of all, there are other... I mean, is it something like the student makes his own accommodation, everything is there, he just wants to come inside IIT, sit in the class and doesn't. So that is again totally faculty dependent. I as a faculty, I don't have an issue. If it's for learning sake, if he wants to learn something, he is by all means very welcome to my class. Provided the seating capacity permits, one to student is fine. But as I said, 15 students from outside are coming and want to do and the class has only a capacity of 100 seats and already they're occupying 95, then I would have to say no. But other than that, I don't have any issue. Is it any possible to make an interaction with your IITB student, with our college student? In what? I mean, it's just a method, like, are you talking about doing projects? General interaction, what they are following, how? What secret they are following? I, again, it's a student-centric question. Do you have any thoughts on it? Do you interact with others? So there are these festivals, Tech Fest, blah, blah, where a lot of people come here. They make friends, they go back. But I think all boys probably make friends only with the girls and vice-versa or some such thing. Like, I personally do have a lot of friends across colleges and there are quite a few people I know who interact with me and some of my friends because they know about us and how we have been doing at IIT Bombay. So yes. Just sharing the ideas, that's all. Students have their own means, right? They use Facebook or GTalk or Cora and that way, many people do interact with us quite a bit. But this is through contacts. You know, because they are your friends or friends, they are not our friends. Yeah, they are at times strangers who just come into contact and say, hey, I heard about you. So something like we do with, say, US university grads and company people and so it's the same way. You can allow for any projects for doing. So let me tell, there are certain mechanisms. So this is all kind of an informal thing, what he has mentioned. In a formal method, there are the IRCC, which is our industrial research center here within IIT Bombay, runs a student internship program. So where students from other engineering colleges can do their summer internship here, they are paid, they take care of their accommodation, they pair up the student with the faculty. It's a pretty good program. Definitely you should all check it out for your students. But I think they have a filtering mechanism where the student has to be really good for them to make the cutoff of having to come here. But there are such mechanisms where they do come here, work in the summer with the faculty, make friends with other students within here and go back with experience. Otherwise it is up to individual faculty. Individual faculty are probably like me where we do not entertain students from other engineering colleges just for the reason that if it is for a learning perspective, then we are as it is busy with a lot of the coursework. So most of our interaction with outside is, we like to take them for research projects. But often our research projects are such that by the time they pick up, the three months is up. And long distance research is not something which is easy to conduct because it depends upon the type of research. Maybe if it's a theoretical research, maybe it is easier, but we do a lot of implementation based research. It's not easy to sustain it. So that's one of the reasons why we don't take unless the student commits to a much longer duration, like six months or a year, then we will consider. But many don't commit for that long duration. So we don't consider. Ma'am, we look forward to IIT as a resource center for different areas. When we try to access some of the materials, like what you have been teaching to the students here, because we also believe in knowledge sharing. But those materials are protected. They are not available to the students of the remote colleges or interior colleges. So what you have to say about that? That is how we know. The thing is absolute. The learning is relative. But if you cannot see what IIT students are doing, what IIT faculties are doing, so even we being in absolute, we cannot know where we stand and where our students are standing. So for that, would you like to say something? See, again, at the institute level, this CD, PEN, PITL, all those are efforts where some of the resources of the IITB faculty are to be shared with other engineering colleges. Not all faculty contribute to it because some are more focused on research than teaching. By all means, we do need people like that also who are whatever spending a considerable amount of their time. Teaching doesn't interest them that much. So there are, but there are a good number of faculty who are also interested in sharing it. And they prepare these videos, slides, everything and share it with other people. Now, other than that, see, for example, whatever my slides are there, some of the faculty put up on their websites for people to download whatever slides and all. Question banks are a little bit more guarded just because at least here we ask like kind of design type of a questions and the questions are not easy to create. It's not like a descriptive type, like explain those are not the kind of questions we ask. We ask very challenging type of questions. So these type of questions are not that easy to generate, typically for me to generate one question, I spend at least two, three days on it to generate one midterm or one final question. So naturally, there is a fear that I mean, I myself have only a few questions, such questions, and often I put some twists to it and kind of ask. So if these kind of become like a public domain kind of a thing, then I cannot reuse it in my exams. That kind of uncertainty is there since question generation is a very long tedious. So for example, a lot of the questions I have put as part of the videos, these are in the public. I mean, I've let it open, I'm okay with them being public, but generating questions is a tedious task. And unless generating for your own exams itself, we struggle. Now if you have to generate one question back, that everyone can access it and all, it's a effort some faculty has to put and it's not an easy task. So many people probably are not ready to do it. So question banks are a bit more guarded. Rest of the things like slides and reference material, most faculty, if you approach them, they have it handy, they'll be ready to share with you. I was looking at the profile of different faculties and I found it that most of the materials, I mean, on their website, they are guarded, they're secured. That's why I put forward this question because, see, what you're asking to your students as an assignment or as a practical, if that could be shared with the students of other institution, I mean, that's fine, the level of difficulty might be different, but at least they can put some effort to understand the concept. So that way, the overall knowledge of the students, all across India will grow and. So it is, so the final answer is it is faculty specific. So some faculty, I don't know if you have some faculty do put up a lot of the slides they use, their assignments they use all in the public domain for anyone can go there, download and do it. Some faculty don't do it. Maybe they're, maybe it's not a thought that occurs to them. They're running the course, they have their own moodle management system, which doesn't expose it to the outside world. And there is no mechanism in place within IITB that says you put it out in the, like I mean, there is no pressure from the administration that see whatever you create, you have to put it in the public domain. There is no such mechanism in place, but that's something maybe I will bring it up at the right forum to see if maybe that's something we can do. What was your PhD research area? So my PhD research area was in wireless networks where I was looking at, so at that time, the wireless was relatively new. So I was looking to see if multiple wireless technology is the bandwidth that they provide, the bandwidths were very less. You're only getting 50 Kbps from this wireless technology, another 100 Kbps from another wireless technology. Whether seamlessly you could aggregate the bandwidth across different technologies. Let's say one gives 50, another gives 100. Then can you get 150 in a seamless fashion without the end user application getting to know that he's actually using two networks instead of one network? So I developed some algorithms, protocol design, all that in that space. Madam, how are IITs bracing for competition with other institutes at Asia? Other institutes in Asia. So periodically we see these reports that say IITs ranked some 150 in the entire global scenario. So someone circulates it, people will say, aha, I think more on. So there is instead of like a concrete comparison, there is a general perception within us itself that our research teaching, there are not that many complaints. I mean there are always something going in that direction also like the active learning principles and all. But as far as research is concerned, we do feel that there is lot more we should be doing. There are multiple factors at play. We are often constrained with PhD students. Like we don't have as many PhD students as we would like to have. Even at the master's level, they're just there for a year. You can't really do much research when they come by the time they learn. They do a little bit incremental thing they leave. Our undergrad students also, there are definitely some faculty who leverage on them, they do, but I think their interest levels, they're not that many who are quite interested in, I mean in a class of maybe 100, maybe 10, 15 are of a research mind. Rest of it are all probably finance or whatever is like job kind of there. So we can't really tap into them even though they're quite capable. So this leaves us shorthanded and it's like a chicken and egg problem unless you have that number, you cannot produce good research and unless you have good research, we cannot attract. Like a lot of our undergrad students itself, they're pretty smart. If they contribute, we can really push it up, but they all go abroad. And there is a good reason for why, because they want to do in the best places. And it's a chicken and egg problem, as I said. Unless they come do here, we can't push up our research quality. Unless we push up our research quality, they won't join us. So there's a lot of focus on trying to see this, whether there are a lot of gems out there within India who maybe for whatever reason they couldn't get into our system. So there's some effort in trying to catch those gems who for whatever reason are constrained to work within India because of parental problems or whatever it is and try to leverage them. But it's a difficult problem. That's something which we ourselves feel, the system is pretty flexible that it's just that this is a problem that's happening. And some faculty who do outstanding research is just like, I mean, at least in CSC department, I know whoever does very good research to this age, even though there may be 40 and plus they sit and code and they write the paper, they do, they are more or less continuing in their PhD mode. Only then you can do some kind of very good research, otherwise it's kind of difficult. Please don't take it otherwise. I have a question that is generic. My question is how much IIT spend on each student and the second question part of this is actually how many, how much of how many students they actually serve to India as per your statistics. Because this is again a big concern because IIT is spending huge amount on the students. So actually I don't know the number. I know it is in lakhs, I mean few lakhs. So definitely I think the amount of money the government spends may be of the order of definitely double that amount. So they pay, so they're having a subsidy of 50%. And yeah, they're most actually earlier, maybe 10 years back, there was lot of this brain drain kind of a thing that is no more true anymore. I mean the number of people who are going abroad, well, I wouldn't say abroad for studies has reduced, but these days they're going abroad for the job directly. So there is that kind of brain drain. But even otherwise, even if many people work, they're working for multinationals within India, that kind of a thing. So I don't know where the, I mean there is, so for example, Nokia, all these Samsung, they're all multinationals which have a base in India. They do provide local employment, local opportunities and stuff like that. But the final thing is the profits are going outside the country. So I mean it's a sad state. So things are, we are all trying to change the thing. They're living apart the PhD part. That's why I'm asking, I mean, do we have any statistics that how many of the graduates, UG's in fact, they actually stay in India and how many of them they move abroad, because see, government spends huge amount on them. I mean that funding is enormous. Within your batch? Yeah, say within my batch, I know that say 40 people are going to give up in Samsung, Korea. I will say 6 of them are going for 30, so they are 7 or 8 that are going there. I plan to return in 2 or 3 years and work in India, get settled here because Life in Korea. Okay. So that is the case with many people. Then there are also people who have jobs in, I mean foreign companies, but they left within a year or so, some of our seniors. And then they are working in startups in Mumbai and Bangalore, Hagarabad, like that. So people who spend initially and then all in quite a bit in the first couple of years then come back, get into startups and maybe study and So actually this is a changing turn. One statistic I could give is like my husband's batch. He is IITM Computer Science. I think at that time there were only 30 or 40, see I think it's only 30 seats at that time. Computer Science had only 30 seats. In his batch, I think 27 or 28 of them are in Bay Area, I mean in the US. It's like one very concentrated, you just go there, there's like huge. So at that time, I think more or less everyone used to go out of the country. But I think the same is not true anymore because things, that's what I was saying. People are improving even though it's at a slow pace. There are a lot of job opportunities within India, but again it's multinational mostly. I mean these people go, it's a natural tendency also. You like to take up jobs that pay you well. So there are a lot of these multinational that operate within India. So if you look at that to the current batch of 100, I would say the amount of people who are going abroad, maybe 30 people, 20, 30 people at a good number like 40, 50 are, I think the rest of it I think probably are within India. Maybe 30, 40 go abroad, the rest are staying. The earlier the statistics were not like that. It was more or less like 90% were going out of the, especially within the CSE, IIT about 10 years back. It was a 90% has come down to, I would think 30% or something like that. Good afternoon, ma'am. Ma'am, what is the total number of patents credited to CSE fragility of IIT Bombay? And second question is how to create patent, what is the methodology? So within CSE, again I don't have a number. There are definitely few patents that come out of it year to year. I don't have a specific number. It's definitely not hundreds. It's just a few per couple of years. That kind of thing happens. That way, IITB management is very conducive to patenting. In other words, they are very active. After we guide our master students, earlier they were saying faculty to just approach them if we want something patented. Then many faculty don't approach them. They actually started going through the MTech thesis to figure out if it is patentable and they approach you saying, we've read your thesis. It looks potentially patentable. Do you want to patent? We will provide all the support. So from the IITB management at least, I think they're very encouraging of patenting. Often what happens is from our perspective and myself included, we don't give it that much importance. There are a few faculty who give it importance. But as such, to us it's like it's not in the league of, let's say, a top level publication. It does carry weight within our institute. It's not that it doesn't carry weight. It's just that because there is also this, like I'm of this open source kind of community type of thing. So whatever I do, I don't want to have a hold. Let it be used if it's something, if it benefits people. So I haven't really looked much into it maybe because of my background, but there are others who are just plain, maybe it is patentable, but they don't want to go through the hassles of, because once they publish, that gives them as much satisfaction as if it were patented. So they don't pay that much attention to it. I wish to know about the revenue generation at the IIT, particularly in the CSC department. And do your students are involved in revenue generation? Revenue generation. Students, I think, are involved in revenue generation, but for themselves. Is that true? I keep hearing about some undergrad student who has a startup on the side. It is his own activity, his own stuff. He's not that IIT faculty are involved. These people are doing things on the side while they're doing coursework. So we get to know because they're kind of, I mean, he's a pretty good student. You expect that he's supposed to produce something for the BTP or R&D and he's not doing too well. And then you grill him and he says, I have a startup on the side which is taking up most of my time and he probably doesn't care about the grades that I give. So he just goes on with. So this is how we get to know, but they do, I think, I know some of them do startups. I also know that some of them probably, I don't know how true it is now, but earlier they were also doing this, this coaching classes they do, it's not there anymore? Not in CSC. At least at some point back, they used to go coach in some of these as a side money they earn for themselves. So in terms of revenue generation, as I said, there is some of their own personal angle. The number of people who were with faculty, the student has done a startup. Those cases are also there. In the CSC department, Professor Kavi's group has done some stuff. They do this robotic kind of, I think they did a startup based on some CSC students. I know mechanical engineering, I know personal friend of mine as well as, there are a couple of people who do startups based on stuff they have done at IIT Bombay. So this is also encouraged. So we have something called an incubation center that helps that hand holds us through the process of doing a startup. So that's also something IITB encourages. Yeah, ICCPC sale in our institute, which look after the collaborative projects and consultancy. So would you help us in that way so that we can improve or what are the major areas we can look for? So it depends upon what you are expecting. We have different expertise faculties in our department, say for the image processing for data mining. So can we use this faculty so that we can earn some money for the institute? Earn some money for the institute. Do you earn money for the institute? That's what we say consultancy. So what is the role of IITB faculty? Can you help us that how we can proceed in this way, that further? Okay, so I mean at this level, I think your best bet is to talk with IRCCC because they have the rules governing consultancy, that kind of a thing. So finally, the way you can make money is through consultancy where someone else should consult you for a specific particular job. So you should have good contacts with industry for that to happen. So that is again a very personal thing. I mean, industry, so only through personal contacts or unless your reputation is stellar where industry is coming to you, otherwise it goes through a personal contact kind of a thing. The procedures in place, I think the IRCCC of whatever will be able to guide you. So you should contact them to know what has to happen. Hello, madam. There are so many positive features of IIT Bombay like the CREME students, word class infrastructure, a studious environment. And the environment is also very positive. It's like a gurukul culture. Gurukul culture. In ancient times, we are having gurukul culture. Now, I know that you're not facing the problems which we are facing in private colleges. Maybe your problems are different. Okay, so just I want to know what kind of problems it is and what is the strategy to handle those problems. So I already mentioned some of the problems we face. As I said, one, this is not a problem but something which I personally appreciate about the IITB system and one of the reasons why I'm even here is it's a very flexible system. It's an open-minded system. We have a lot of liberty to do many of the things that we want to do and that I think is an environment. That's one of the reasons why probably many of us don't work even for a company or an industry. That way, it's a very flexible system. So that is very conducive for individual kind of faculty who want to exert their individuality. That said, in doing our task which is basically teaching and research is more or less what we are here for. In each, there are issues. For example, teaching the main issue we face is student motivation levels. Even though we get the cream as someone put it, I think by the time they come in they are burnt out because they have undergone rigorous training. Many of them, in fact, there's something like when the JEE counseling happens, I happen to be in one of the JEE counseling where the students come and ask you which branch should I choose that kind of a JEE counseling. The question was never what is this branch about what is offered as part of the branch? The kind of questions you get is if I did this branch, what would be my starting salary when I graduate from here? Or if I want to do an MBA, which branch do you think will enable me to do a good MBA? These are the kind of questions you face. Their priorities are even before they enter are misplaced. And the parents are also... I mean, it's natural, you want your children to be making the most amount of money within... So, it's a societal issue as such which is kind of killing. And these people, when they come to a technical institute where our mandate is to teach them technical content but they are not interested it's a mismatch. But that's it. We derive our pleasure from the 10, 20 people who are genuinely interested in learning and we kind of make ourselves happy with that. So, teaching, keeping the motivation levels, there is a lot of other distractions also. IIT Bombay as such, I was in IIT Kanpur also. I think when you contrast within here because it's Mumbai, the culture or the lifestyle is very different. In IIT, there is not much to do anyway. So, people focus mostly on their academic... blah blah here. If you see, there is almost an event happening every day, some event or the other and they... which is good. I mean, you need to have a well-rounded personality but you should draw a line also. And these are still to an extent these are not very mature. These are only... we are talking about 17 years old, 21 years old. They don't really know where to draw the line. So, they want... they get involved in dramatics, theater, school bar, whatever, someone going on some school bar diving expedition go with them. Whatever it is there, they spread themselves thin and then they don't focus. So, as teachers, we find it very difficult to motivate them. That is one issue with respect to teaching, which is a big issue with respect to teaching. Research also I had mentioned where the kind of quality to produce at the level of Berkeley, MIT, Stanford, we need a good student support system. Only then, I mean, many of us are returned from like, I mean, we've done in pretty good PhDs in pretty good places, we have come back and we want to raise the bar but for that to happen, our input pool is not that much. So, we have to struggle to raise it up and research also we face those kind of issues. I think each level, there are certain expectations, to meet the expectations there will always be some issue or the other. Good afternoon, ma'am. Ma'am, my question is very simple. I just wanted to know most of the students, because I have studied in National Institute, most of the students what they do when they take admission, first they see the placement. So, whether they'll get good placement or not, especially the UG level students. So, how do we identify, like, how to train the undergraduate students to get them into the research areas or the research type of projects? Because if the undergraduate students are actually the best students who we get in our colleges. So, if we attract them towards research, then the same students will turn up in DRDO, all this TIFR, Mumbai, all these institutes. So, is there any methodology wherein we can attract the BTEC students, especially to do research based on projects or how to classify with the students. The student will do research and the student will do an implementation type of project. Thank you. Well, if you know the solution, you have to tell us. I mean, that's a problem we face ourselves. So, to some extent, so, when you interact with the students themselves, you do find you can kind of make out whether they are interested in the subject, they're interested in higher studies, that kind of feel you get. So, there are a bunch of students you want to tap into them, but then there are 40 faculty who want to tap into this 10 or so students. So, it becomes again a supply demand. So, you have to do something extra unless you are again, it becomes a chicken and egg problem. Unless you have a certain reputation you're doing exceedingly well, then maybe the students come to them. And then they, same team, seem to attract over the years, more and more students and their level keeps on increasing whereas and so, again it's a difficult problem. So, you do get some whoever student you get, you try to so, you try to motivate them first of all, you have to be a good researcher before you can attract good students to do research with you. So, that is something you have to do. Area also plays a very big important role. Like it changes with time. Sometimes cloud is a big deal. So, all flock to cloud. Sometimes machine learning is a big deal. So, all flock to machine learning. Sometimes networking is these things. So, you also as a faculty have to kind of know these trends and pickups. So, for example, right now if cloud is a big deal, even though I'm fundamental look hardcore networking I have to define problems that are networking coupled with cloud. If machine learning is the next big thing I have to define problems where machine learning techniques can be applied in networking. So, it's not an easy job. You have to figure out all these dynamics, try to do something just to attract you have to be always on your toes. You have to keep thinking what is it that I can and another thing which maybe many of you don't realize which I have realized late also the personal connection I think is also very important. I think this one is something which I mean lot of us are introverts it's not like we really go into someone's like make friends with them take them out for tea. It doesn't come naturally to me also I mean when people are talking with me I'm happy talking but left to me I'll probably sit in a corner and I'm not an extrovert kind of a thing but having that taking that effort to reach out to the student having a personal connect with them then you can mold them. So, that I think is I mean this is something which I have realized pretty late which I will like to emphasize is that personal connection can do wonders in motivating students in making them choose your area or whatever it is I think you should have that personal connect which I think will help. My question is for student like other than placement and brand name of IIT what attracts you for IIT Bombay? Parents decision. No, they are matured enough they are not interested to them. What attracted me was the fact that yes, all the bright people around me in my city in my school who are the best friends and they all work for IIT Bombay IIT Bombay has a reputation for its I was always attracted towards this research aspect and I always knew that people here do good work and people go to good US universities from there are opportunities here and even if that doesn't happen I will have a very good fall back option that I will get at least 100 or some so that is a very good failsafe. By the way I should just emphasize are you the department topper this year he is your TA is the best among the he is the department topper for UG UG so final year he is graduated and I think he is the highest CPI Other than the placement and the brand name what else attracts When you are a student in class 12 what else do you know what have you heard from your seniors about the faculty there what have you heard about the job there as I said I had heard that there is a pretty good research that goes on here the faculty are excellent some of them are even people who have their PhDs in business life Stanford Berkeley so yes you know that these are some of the best people you will find in India and then as I said even if you are like research minded from there I knew that I wanted to stay in academia so I knew that even if I couldn't get into it I would have a very good fall back option for placement you know all those factors which you know you have interacted with the faculty on the first hand basis so feedback you get from your seniors and what your parents tell you yes placement does play a role for those who are job oriented for those who have some family pleasure that you should earn after graduating yes for that definitely IT Bombay for the research minded again you have very good training this is a good place and then you have the best fall back option I'll add one more to it which I've heard I mean it's not from the horse's mouth what I've heard is a tidbit kind of a thing is lot of these coaching centers like KOTA and others they apparently guide their students that you should go to IATB because you don't have to study enjoy your life enjoy your life there because as I said compared to all the IITs we have a very active student life here and that also is like for many people clearing JEE is the end like they have nothing more to achieve in life it appears so by that time then they want to have fun and ITB among all the IITs is the place to have fun so that's something I've heard from I don't know whether it's true or not yeah we in fact attract the other IITs I think within the first 30-50 majority of the people within the first 100 I think join IIT in B itself yeah 70 plus out of the first 100 join IIT Bombay very good very bright students in terms of programming you can see C++ or Java extremely well but they are poor in English or poor in mathematics or some sort of things algorithms why this placement recruitment process says that the student should have aggregate after 70% from 10 standard 10 plus 2 and then all semesters the student coming from brutal area you would not be knowing that the placement requirement is 70% at the age of 10 standard when you are studying 10 standard okay can we work on this how can it from place to place so when people come to IIT Bombay I know there are many companies who do not even look at your CPI they have their own tests you pass their tests they'll give you a job so that may not be true of other places but that said I wanted to tell one other thing which is see English as a language even though it's been imposed on us or whatever reason you may be very patriotic about an Indian language all said and done in an instant this is some problem we face even with our M. Tech students they may be very good but often communication has to be writing reports being presentation these are also later even in a job you have to make presentations you have to meet with the clients you have to get to know what they are what they are doing these are also pretty important skill sets and company does not want to retrain it's not an easy thing this is important for them and some of these things are captured as far as percentage marks in these English and other things are concerned good number of companies have their own tests if you clear the test I think they lower the bar of your percentage but it is generally assumed that anyone who is above 70% is of a general intelligence level that's a cutoff anyone below doesn't mean it's just that it's an easy filtering mechanism for them they don't want to spend too much effort there this is just open feedback about you that you are having great patients that you are tackling many silly questions with the same patients and that is what we are learning from you irrespective of this computer network that we are learning but apart from that we are learning your great patients you are tackling many silly questions of our members thank you very much thank you you know patients probably I think you are all adults you realize patients with having children especially my daughter she teaches me a lot of patients individually again I would like to sincerely thank you for all the efforts you have put into this activity and I hope it will continue successfully in the near future I just like to pick up a point that you had mentioned sometime later you told that like it's difficult for you to get some PhD students as of now like I had experienced some problems and I want to relate with this for example why don't like is it possible that you could open for applications for PhD from maybe other universities like it might be autonomous it might be state affiliated universities in that way what I think is there might be some students in collaboration with teachers who might propose some projects to you maybe not only to IIT Bombay to all the IITs they can have a review if they find those projects are quite potential then you can have a collaborative work with that particular institution or university it have a mutual beneficial both for the IIT as well as for that particular institutes it becomes easy because funding is also a big problem that we often realize and if steps of this sort could be take up I think they are taken I thought the QIP program that IIT I mean professor Gadre is the best person to answer that question IITB has many mechanisms to facilitate teachers from other institutes to do PhD here I think they have to be here for a certain duration after that they can go back and there is mechanism to continue. I am not saying purely in PhD sense but for example sometimes it happens that as a university as I call it we propose some AICT projects which are good in individual sense we feel these are good but they do not get accepted or might maybe I don't know for many reasons but it might be so that if you open if you open a invitation for all these colleges that please submit you can submit us some projects we can go it forward. Who will do the filtering is the question. Filtering is like you are a teacher like you have the experts here. I cannot if I receive 500 applicants how will I decide and it's just people may create excellent research proposal but that doesn't necessarily mean that you execute the research proposal how do you get a particular proposal that's what I think if a protocol could be set up that could be fine because what I am thinking is it should be something where good projects do not go waste as well as they live unexplored I mean there is I mean I'll take your feedback into consideration there are PhD attracting reforming committee we often do consider some of these things because we ourselves also suffer because of lack of PhD students so there is a committee that is in fact I am part of the committee when professor Gadre is part of it yeah we'll take your feedback in and