 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in the industry and more. Today's topic in orthodontics is growth spurts. So growth spurts is nothing but a period where the growth is happening at a very fast manner or there is an increased or sudden increase in the growth, okay. So last session we have seen scammons growth curves, the lymphoid tissues, the neural tissue, the S shaped general osmotic tissue and the genital tissues. So none of these curves are linear, it is not a linear curve. It is having an exponential phase, then a flat phase, then a decreasing phase. So not all the tissue or the tissues are not going in a same growth rate. Sometimes it is having a very exponential growth. Sometimes it is very flat, sometimes it is in a decreasing fashion. So when there is an increased growth rate, those periods are known as growth spurts. So we have in a person's life three growth spurts. So we can divide it as infantile or childhood growth rate, growth spurts or mixed transition or juvenile growth spurts and the adolescent growth spurts. So the infantile or childhood we know the babies they grow very fast, up to three years their growth rate is very exponentially happening. And the next one is mixed transition or juvenile phases, the early schooling time that is maybe the second standard, third standard. So those period we suddenly gain height, maybe weight is subjectable but the height gain is very common thing. Another thing is usually the growth spurts is early in females that is seven to nine years whereas boys it is little late, eight to eleven years. And the next growth spurts is seen in adolescent period. Similarly it is early in girls that is 10 to 12 years and 12 to 14 years in boys. So here also we gain height and weight. So this growth spurts last for two to 2.5 years that is the adolescent growth phase. So what exactly is the importance of these growth spurts in orthodontics? So growth spurts can be utilized to increase or decrease the growth of bones. For example we can take an example of chin cup. Chin cup is an appliance which is used to restrict the mandibular growth. So mandibular growth can be restricted but the chin cup where the class 3 malocclusion is being treated should be utilized or should be applied during the growth spur where the active growth is happening so we can restrict it. Similarly the Frankel Functional Regulator is an appliance which is used in class 2. Class 2 is maxillary excess or mandibular deficiency. So it increases or it stimulates the growth of mandible. So this also can be used during the growth spurts and utilize the potential of increased growth. So chin cup and Frankel Functional Regulator is used for class 3 and class 2 malocculations respectively. Convention always make sure that the patient wears the appliance till the cessation of that growth spurts happens. So till the growth spurts is getting over we need to keep on advising the patient to wear this otherwise there will be relapse. Because if we stop the usage of this appliances the growth will be happening and there will be a bad result or an unstable result so that should be kept in mind. And also one more thing is that we need to keep the growth spurts in mind before doing that is exactly on a female and a male patient. We need to have a clear cut idea about the growth spurts period when doing the treatment on boys and girls. And next thing is the expansion of dental arches that is rapid maxillary expansion which responds well during this adolescent growth spurts and the results are more likely to be stable. So when we are doing a rapid maxillary expansion we should always do it on the adolescent growth spurts. So we will get a better stable result and certain patient with gross skeletal discrepancies may require ortho-natic surgical correction and surgery is best carried out after the cessation of active growth. So in such a scenario we need to wait for the growth spurts to get over. So once the active growth is stopped we can go for an ortho-natic surgery. So this was the importance of growth spurts in ortho-natic treatment. So we have three growth spurts in phantail mixed indentation and adolescent growth spurts and the years that is up to three years mixed indentation or juvenile is 7 to 9 and 8 to 11. Adolescent is 10 to 12 and 12 to 14 years and its uses in ortho-natic treatment. Hope you understood the concept of growth spurts. I will come up with a new topic in ortho-natic. Thank you.