 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education and I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, S.S. Khanna Girls' Free College, University of Allahabad and this time I have to discuss with you two videos in which I will discuss with you the concept of leadership and in this video I am going to discuss the characteristics of a leader and role of a leader in social learning. And in the next video I will discuss with you the styles of leadership. So, we are not going to tell you who the leader is or you all know who the leader is. The leader is the one who has the capacity to do leadership, the leader is the one who can listen to what people say, the leader is the one who can take people with him. This is not a general thing that we all know, but when the question is asked to you, you should have some points, some people's thoughts, then some of your analysis should be done. So, we are directly on the characteristics of a leader and we are three educationists or you can say, people have told us that this should be the role of a leader. According to Chester Bernard, he has told us that there are six roles in a leader and this should be the role of a leader. As per his order of importance includes, what are the first ones? According to him, vitality and endurance. Vitality means that you can understand the power of life or endurance or endurance. You can understand yourself how important it is for a leader to have a good leader. If he gets angry at something, look at the big leaders who are against them, they don't respond immediately, they have so much endurance. If they respond immediately, then it will get worse. And vitality, when it comes to life and endurance, no one will want to listen to a tired person. But decisiveness, if he has decided that he has to do it, then he has to do it. So, there should be stability in him. Persuasiveness or persuasiveness, which you can say is a characteristic, pravodhukta, praerukta. Meaning, he should work like a prayer model for people or he should understand what people are saying, or he should be able to understand what people are saying, or he should be able to understand what people are saying. Then stability and behavior. His behavior should also be stable. It's not like if you are saying something today or tomorrow, then no one will take you seriously. So, there should be good leadership, there should be good stability in behavior. There should be intellectual ability. You can't do any big work of life without it. You can't even do a small work. It's a matter of distance. There should be very good leadership and knowledge. So, according to Chester Bernhardt, there should be a good leadership. Then Millet Sahab says something else. He is saying that the leadership qualities and suggested by Millet are included. First of all, his health should be good. Good health. His good health. Sense of mission. The goal of the nation, the feeling of it, the sense of it, the feeling of it. Sometimes he will be able to take other people along with him. Then interest in other people. Meaning, other people should also be interested in it. Meaning, some people say that there is no problem with us. I mean, why should we be involved in other matters. People of this kind can never be leaders. You are a leader. It means, you will understand the other's pain only then you will be able to work for it. Then intelligence, that is, intelligence should be in it. This is a common point. Integrity. If there is a doubt, that means that there is no doubt on his honesty. If he is not even looking at it, then he should also teach honesty. If there is a doubt, that means that this kind of thing will never be broken. Okay? Then persuasiveness. It was also mentioned here. Propheticism. And judgment. There should be capability. If there is justice, if there is justice, if there is justice, then there should be loyalty. There should be trust. The people who are working for it, the government that they are working for, the country that they are working for, they should have trust. So this is what Mr. Millett said. Then Terry says, what is his list of leadership? Look, energy. It is called vitality. And you should believe it. There should be trust. There is so much work. There are so many people to think about. There is no time. There is a need for trust. Emotional stability. There was also behavior. There was stability. You have to be emotionally stable here. If you want to be a good leader, then knowledge of human relations. Look, today's emotional intelligence has so much knowledge. Human relations. The knowledge of great relationships. What can you be sad about? What can you mold? What is your sorrow? We should know that. So we see the whole thing. People's thoughts change. They don't listen to words. No, no. This is the right thing to say. We need to pay attention to it. In this way. Empathy. There should be a lot of spirit. The people, the subordinates. Objectivity. You are not like that. But there is a rule. If there is a rule, people will change. Then subjectivity. You will get it. You will be biased. You will show prejudice. Then no one will believe you. So you have to be objective. Personal motivation. Sometimes we don't see any intrinsic, or any level of motivation. But we will be personally motivated. We have to take this work and fulfill it. Communicative skills are very important. Words. Words change the world. From Gandhi Ji's words, the whole nation became one. If we get good words from him, I think it's not right. And we keep thinking about it. But after words, we don't think about other things. That is, communication skills should be very good. The function of communication. There should be teaching ability too. Because teachers are also a leader. So there should be teaching. Social skills. It has become the same. The point of knowledge of human beings should come here too. There is technical competence. Nowadays, technical is given. If you are a leader, what do you use Twitter? Hashtag. All this is done on Instagram. So technical competence should also be there. Because this is the age of technical competence. Youth. So these are some words which people have told. Now you can take them. Make them a summary. So you can say, in crux, a leader must display properly. This is wrong. First of all, his behavior should be proper. Be considerate. I mean, consider if you have any problem with him. And human hearted. Manav Hrudeh has respect, the face, and dignity of the subordinates. Whoever is going to work under him, their dignity, they will understand. And lead through moral character. And if he moves forward with a new type of character, then he can become a good leader. When such qualities are displayed by leaders, with the combination of the needed styles of leadership, a leader is set to play an effective role. When all these qualities will have a connection with him, and a sister will have a leadership style, then he will definitely become an influential leader. Now how do you ask the question? Short notes. You will ask, if there are some good points on the list, then it will be good to see your answer. Then since it was a short topic, then I will give you another topic. The role of leader in social learning. So social learning is done. We have read it. But still, there is a quick recap of social learning. We have read it. There are two videos of Albert Bandura on social learning. The social learning theory was proposed by Albert Bandura and is one of the most influential theories of learning and development. Social learning is the foundation of the society. Bandura Sahab gave it. And this learning and development is a very influential and influential foundation. Bandura Sahab said, he believed that direct reinforcement could not account for all types of learning. Before this, when the theory of the skinners was going on, it was about reinforcement and teaching. So he said, it is not possible to learn every type of learning from just the balance. So he added a social element or a social concept that people can learn new information and behaviors by watching other people. He said, if you don't get reinforcement every time, then we will learn from other people. This is also known as observational learning or modeling, which you have to do. And can we use to explain a wide variety of behaviors? So you can explain a lot of behaviors this way. Then this theory states that people can learn through observation and mental states are important to learn. Zidhan said that people learn from placement and it is very important. He described in intrinsic reinforcement as a form of internal reward such as pride, satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment and described this approach as a social cognitive theory. But Nura later gave intrinsic motivation or intrinsic reinforcement and he said that this is a social cognitive theory. Why? Because I have got cognition. For example, pride, satisfaction or sense of accomplishment are in your mind. Further he demonstrated that observational learning does not necessarily permanently change behavior. We have studied so far that learning has permanently changed behavior. But he said this is not a question and it is not necessary that every thing that you have learnt and every concept you have shown it. Your behavior is not important. And people can learn new information without demonstrating new behaviors. He said that people don't want to learn without demonstrating in any behavior. I mean without showing any change in behavior. This theory further emphasizes the value of attention, retention, reproduction and motivation as factors for successful observational learning. If you remember then you will remember that these are the steps of social learning theory. So attention and retention and reproduction and motivation have become cognitions of social learning theory. Social cognitive learning theory is named as SCLT. Social cognitive learning theory. Now let's see what leadership has to do with it. Leadership and social learning theory. Social learning theory has application in leadership and it facilitates understanding the behavior of a leader and the continuous reciprocal interaction between person and environment. Person and environment. So see what people are saying is that people learn from observation. So we are observing the leader day by day. Whether the leader is our teacher or our leader in a classroom. So the cognition of the leader and the environment will subordinates i.e. the students and the disciple working under them. Their needs, their experience, their intentions, their organization, their abilities, their energy, their performance, everything has come together. So there is an interaction between them. There is an interaction between them. That regulates their behavior. This interaction is guiding their behavior. In this approach, the leaders and the subordinates have a negotiable and interactive relationship. So what happened with this that the leader working under them negotiable means it can be more or less and there is a interrelationship relationship. They are continuously aware of how they can modify or influence each other's behavior by giving the rewards or holding back the performance respectively. They are both. If you consider in the classroom, the teacher and the leader and the subordinates are continuously aware. They are aware and aware that they can modify each other's behavior. Right? Leaving the rewards in the hands of internal reinforcement or negative reinforcement and all. Because of its growing importance as a theoretical foundation for the fields of psychology and organizational behavior and social leadership seem to have great potential for the future. The concept is gradually This is also an observational learning, so this is a big scope of how to impact social learning theory. Now we have three things that came out of this theory of leadership, which means the role of leader in social learning theory. There are three aspects that can be taken into consideration. First, the leader knows how his behavior is controlled by various needs, situations and experiences that he undergoes. The leader knows that his behavior is controlled by various needs, situations and experiences that he undergoes. The leader works with his subordinates to discover what those needs, situations and experiences are. The leader works with his subordinates and tries to find out what their needs and experiences are. Then the leader and the subordinates jointly attempt to discover ways in which they can manage their individual behavior to produce mutually satisfying as well as organizationally productive outcomes. In this way, the role of leader in social learning will be that the leader, since he is affecting his subordinates with his behavior, so the leader knows his own behavior, subordinates, needs, experiences, situations and experiences that he undergoes. So both of them work together to make mutually satisfying and organizationally productive outcomes to find out what their behavior is, whether it is a crux of this theory or a social learning theory. This is the role of the leader. The leader works with his subordinates to discover ways in which his behavior can be managed so that both of them can show mutually satisfying behavior and produce organizationally productive outcomes. Now, if you want to tell the organization about the class, you can tell them that in the class, the teaching learning situation will be better, the lighting will be better, the student will be better. In this way, there were two different topics, characteristics of the leader and role of the leader in social learning. So I can guess that you people will be benefited by this lecture. So thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe to my channel, Explore Education. I have done from my side.