 The person who has skill in map-making is called the cartographer. So maps are made according to the scale and according to purpose. According to scale, it has three major categories. The small-scale map, the medium-scale map and the large-scale map. So according to purpose, it has, again, many categories which are made according to the different purposes. So first of all, we will discuss the political maps. So these maps are made according to the purpose. We have the political boundaries of the maps are very important here. So every map has its own, every country has its own political autonomy. So that's why these maps are made. So here we have our best example of the South Asian region. So in South Asia, we have eight major countries like Afghanistan, Pakistan, the western side of South Asia is covered with the Afghanistan country. Here is Afghanistan. Then to the south of the South Asia is Maldives and the Sri Lankan Islands. So the central part of South Asia is covered with India and the northern part of South Asia has the Nepal and Bhutan countries which are actually to the north of South Asia and the eastern side of South Asia is covered with Bangladesh. So these are the eight major countries of the South Asia. Each country has its own political boundary. So that's why the political maps are very important. The second category of the map according to purpose is the social maps. Social maps, organizations, tribes and races and their languages, religion are depicted on these types of maps. So these maps are made by the process of certain techniques but here we have certain purposes behind the social maps. Sometimes these maps are made because of the depicting certain religion like Muslims are related to the particular areas. Here the map shows the different cultures of the world. So the northern part of Africa is covered with the north African culture. Central and south of Africa is covered with sub Sahara African culture. The western side of Europe is covered with northwest European culture and again the central part of North America is covered with the North American culture, North East American culture. So it means we have the different tribes of the world or these are the small races of the world. So these maps are important why because to show the social groups of the world. The next category of map is called the communication maps. These maps are important to show the communication networks of the country or even the region or the world. Like in Pakistan we have major roads or highways which are important for the means of communication and transportation of the countries. So here we can show the major roads of the country over the map. So these are important for travelers for tourists. So these are maps which are important for tourist purposes. Now some of the maps are made because of the economic purposes. So these are called the economic maps. So the distribution of important agricultural, mineral and industrial products with important centers. So here we have again the example of Pakistan. The map shows the agriculture land use areas of the country. Now most of the area is covered with the yellow color. This color is actually under desert type of vegetation and shrubs. Whereas the second most important area which is under brown color is showing the most of the agriculture land of the country. This land is called the Indus Plain. Now the upper part of the Indus Plain is the Punjab province and the lower part of the Indus Plain is called the Sindh province. Both provinces are important for the agriculture production of the country. So during summer season we have rice cultivation, the sugar cane and cotton are the major crops of the countries and most of the crops are coming from these two provinces. And during the winter season the major crop is wheat and most of the wheat production is coming from the province of Punjab or the Upper Indus Plain. Now the Upper Indus Plain is irrigated by the five major rivers of the country. The Indus, the Jailam, the Channab and Ravi and Satlej. So these are the major five rivers of the country and mostly belongs to the province of the Punjab. The green color shows the forest areas of the country and it is mostly to the south of the country. Some of the northern side of the countries are covered with forest. So these are the areas where we have the natural vegetation or we call it the forest. The south of Pakistan is covered with another economic activity which is actually under the fishing processing or fish processing areas. Mostly the harbors or natural seaports are there so that's where the economic importance of the map of the country is very important. Next category of the map is called the distribution map. So here we have certain productions but are related to the population or any natural aspect of the country like temperature, rainfall, precipitation. So when we are dealing with the population clusters so it means that we are actually are dealing with the clusters of the major population distribution. The thinly populated areas of the country and when we are dealing with the temperature of the country it means we not only deal with the daily temperature distribution but monthly and annual based. The next category of the map is the coropleth map. Different shades by horizontal, vertical and slanting lines may be adopted to show different densities of the population and other datas. So here we have the major crops of the world and most of the crops are belongs to the south Asian countries, the east Asian countries, the European lowland, the northern part of USA and the center part of USA. So these are the areas of major crops of the world. So different colors shows the different types of crops here. The next category of the map according to purpose is the historical maps. So past events are symbolized or we can show on the map. Here we have the best example of the Indus Valley civilization so the green color shows the spread of the civilization.