 Hello everyone. So I get a lot of questions for the lab on the torque on what to do for the full lab report. So I wanna just have a quick walk through it. So I can all, so you all can hopefully do this as good as possible. So as usual, the abstract is gonna be done at the end. It's the most difficult thing. Let's make sure that it has all the empathy and main things and the main conclusions on it. Now for the introduction, I want a theoretical background on just tell me in your words, what is torque and how do we calculate it based on a force that is causing it. Then what is the rotation equilibrium? Please look it up in a book or I have also video where I'm talking about the rotation equilibrium. As usual on the physics weeky, there are the links. So you have here introduction to rotation equilibrium, the YouTube video that will include what is to rotation equilibrium. And next one is solve the situation for the problems A, B and C without numbers. So the first step is to do one free body diagram and the one free body diagram should be for all. All you have to do is instead of having 90 degrees as an angle, you write theta for the angle for the spring force. And therefore it could be used for all three of them. Now the free body diagrams for torque, they're slightly different than the traditional free body diagrams. So I suggest you're watching the second video here. The example with the beam hanging mass. The main difference is that we will need now to draw the object in its original dimensions and select the pivot point, like the point where it's turning around. Now for your beam in the lab, it's easy. Like you know exactly what the pivot was, was the hinge in the middle. And then you draw the forces where they actually act. So in your case you would have the spring force on one side, the force of gravity from the hanging mass on the other side. You would have the force of gravity on the beam directly on the pivot on the hinge. And you would have the normal force from the hinge up on the pivot exactly. So those two are actually on the pivot will not cause any torque, only the left, right one. Which then I would ask you to try to find a relation between those two. So you have to calculate the torque of the left one plus the torque of the right one should be equal to zero. And then you solve it for the force of the spring is equal to what? So kind of figure out what does the force of the spring depend on and then you should get something the force of the spring on the left side is equal to on the right side. You should have Rm, the distance from the mass. You should have RS, the distance of the spring. And you should have the force of the mass as well. And then you will use this later on in the discussion to compare what you get if it's the near or not. And so that was number three where you find the relationships. So is it linear depending? So if FS is, for example, if you get something like FS equals three times Rm, that will be linear or like some other factor, eight times Rm. If it's a divided Rm, then it's definitely not linear. This is what I want here. Methods, I think you'll follow the method. You could just do the reference to it, change the mass, if you change the mass, data results. You copy your data in, maybe you want to add up the calculations that you do in the analysis. So we're gonna get to that in a second. So copy the contents of your actual sheet in your office document, as usually you clean it up a bit. And now for the discussion analysis, you're telling me for each part, if the relation is directly proportional, indirectly proportional, quadratic, linear, whatever it is. So I'm gonna go here in one of your teams data. For example, this one here kind of looks linear. So we could make the hypothesis that it is linear. This one definitely does not look linear. So don't tell me that it is linear. Like try to figure out how we call this type of slope. Now, if it is linear, so in this case, stepping up for part B, if it is linear, I want you to figure out the slope and the uncertainty of the slope. You can do a trend line. With the trend line, it will give you the slope but not the uncertainty of the slope. But Excel can actually do this very well. So you need some additional formula which you can find on my formulas and concepts for college physics, which you have in layer. Just scroll down here, somewhere, not a none, somewhere here, you have the slope. So this is the formula that you have to copy in. So for the slope itself, so first we will need the y-values and then the x-values. So if I go here for the slope equals this line, instead of the y-values, what I'm gonna do, I'm just gonna select the y-values, which in this case were the fs. And for the x-values, I'm gonna select what was the xs. So here was the RM. So I'm gonna get all of those. But enter, which is my slope, 12.26. If you add a trend line, you can double check if it actually is correct or if the trend line gives you the same thing. Charge, would you add the trend line? Well, it depends where we actually, so you check with your trend line if you actually get the right number. Then uncertainty of the slope, and we go back to the formulas. Uncertainty of the slope is this one here. I copy, hold it in here equals that. And then again, y-values is the y-values for my graph. So all of these. And the x-values in this case were all of these. Hop, and here we have the uncertainty. And then as usual, we run this to useful amount of significant figures. So we take those two and you're gonna be chopping, chopping, chopping. Where is my chopping here? Chop, chop, chop, chop, chop, chop. So I would report here, I have a slope of 12.3 times 0.3. I can actually double, 12.3 sorry, plus minus 0.3. I can double check quickly if it's correct. So if I take any x number, let's say 0.48, times my slope, I should be getting the FN. Equals this, times this, 5.9. So if I do this for all the numbers, I can compare what my theoretical values would have been. Oh, I made a mistake here. Okay, of course I need to put the dollar sign in. For this last step, it's just a little extra. So you can see how close you were with your actual measurements. If we would assume the slope. Here we go. So my slope is here, you have to slope this there. So again, only do this if it's linear. There's absolutely no point of doing that for something that is not linear. Now it really depends on your data. This is definitely not linear, so don't do it. This one here, difficult to tell, right? Look at the introduction in your portfolio introduction. See if it should be linear on sign of the angle. It's not the dependence on the angle itself. It's on sign of the angle that I'm looking for, okay? So let's go back to the word document. So that's what you do here. And then in the conclusion, you repeat from the introduction, what the hook does depend on. How does it depend on the angle? How does it depend on the distance, et cetera, et cetera? So he just explained me the formula for torque. Here you tell me if the experimental data agree with the predictions. What I mean the predictions if something is linear or not. So you have your graph and you have your prediction from the introduction, what it should be. In the case that it is linear, you should also tell me if the slopes within uncertainty agreed for the linear case. Then as usual, what could be improved? Just keep in mind better tools might not be the answer in all cases. Often it is the method that makes the difference. So can you think of something that we can change in the method to make it better? And then references as usual that is the normal thing. And don't forget to fill in your full lab report self evaluation before submitting it for PFE back. I think that's it more or less. If you have more questions, send me a mail and I'm gonna try to answer them. Bye bye.