 That consumption of dairy products and particularly the fermented dairy products as yogurt and cheese seem to have some protective effect on cardiovascular disease but also on type 2 diabetes. Benefits of dairy products in preventing metabolic disease and managing weight were reported at the 2013 Experimental Biology Meeting in Boston. In the Framingham study we looked at over 3,000 individuals and followed them for over 12 years and we were able to see that overall dairy products did reduce weight gain in that cohort by over 50% over that time period. We also saw that it also reduced the rate of gain in waste circumference by about 15% over that same time period. One concern you might have about these results is that people who consume dairy products could also be those who have better diet all round. We've been able to account for that in our analyses looking at not only markers of diet quality but specific food groups that may be associated with a higher diet quality or a lower diet quality. So we don't feel that what we're seeing in Framingham is associated with differences in diet quality between those individuals consuming dairy and non-dairy products. And researchers now look at what people eat overall instead of specifically dairy products. Today more and more studies focus on looking at a kind of exchange of what happens with your cardiovascular risk if you replace some cheese with some bread etc. So it's much more a food based analysis in the research. And by doing this researchers have started to recognise the value of milk provided by nature. We did a big study in Denmark. We randomised the people to consumption of coke, regular coke, diet coke, milk or water. And we actually saw that those who got regular coke they had a more fatty liver infiltration which is an increased visual fat something that is supposed really to be unhealthy. And that was just normal overweight people that were doing that for three months whereas those who got the milk it actually decreased everything and the reduction in blood pressure etc. Some experts are suggesting dairy products could be effective tools for fighting the epidemic of obesity. Teenagers are getting overweight everywhere in the world. I think we have to think about yogurt maybe as a new snack. A snack that can replace you know very high dense energy snacks what are causing or contributing to cause obesity. So yogurt being a very good food in terms of bringing a lot of nutrients and a high level of protein which is clearly satiating. So I think it should really be considered as a very good snack. So that would be one way to go I think to try to stop the devastating epidemic of obesity. The final message of the Boston Summit was individualisation. The most important thing is to help every individual understand what it is that they are consuming, what are the consequences of what they are consuming and what are the options that they could pursue that it would improve the quality of their diets individually.