 Now imagine if we could turn category five hurricanes like Maria into category one hurricanes like Franklin They would become far less dangerous for humans with this 40% reduction in peak wind speed and the damage to homes livelihoods and Infrastructure would go down roughly by a factor of 200 Now how to do it? Look into the eyes Not into my eyes, but the eyes of the storms Maria has a distinct beautiful eye while Franklin is flying with his eye closed The strongest winds by far are in the eye wall right next to the eye where the fierce rotation of the eye Meets the inward flow to the low pressure area, which is what caused the hurricane in the first place Project storm fury correctly targeted the eye wall in an attempt to weaken hurricanes They did cloud seeding in a larger ring by spraying aerosols from about 12 airplanes They did manage to weaken hurricane Debbie in 1969 the only storm came so far But their method doesn't work for most hurricanes because they don't contain enough water of the right temperature Now we have supercomputers and huge weather databases We've learned that eye walls break down all the time in nature Often due to subtle changes in the turbulent flows in and around them The aim of this project is to target the weaknesses of these eye walls by artificially generated turbulence We also know from a completely different context a fusion reactor that a vortex is Momentum can be diffused by controlling the turbulence Now as in the fusion reactor There are probably many ways to produce the required turbulence because we're basically just disturbing airflow options are spraying tons and tons of dry ice or smoke from airplanes or unmanned ships inserting physical obstacles or doing cloud seeding We'll do thousands of realistic modification Experiments safely and cheaply on the supercomputer until we're confident that we have found efficient and reliable methods After that as a result of the project will propose real experiments Starting with hurricanes far out at sea safely and will work towards a future with much less destruction by hurricanes Thank you. Thank you, Svante. That was great judges you may ask Thank you, Svante. So how realistic it is that this can be done by for example airplanes Okay, so in project storm fury which used like a more schematic more grand scheme now We're disturbing the local airflow Which is a smaller project than to surround the whole eye wall and they manage this one storm with specific Circumstances that are not often occurring But that was with 13 airplanes only and they succeeded twice two days apart So when we're going into the finer scale flow, we expect that Just a few tons of of these particles and maybe a dozen airplanes Something of that order now we have to research this more carefully, but that would be the scale roughly Thank you. Any other questions? Yes, it's a it's kind of brought in fascinating and I hope you succeed and great that you're the airplane machine learning is such an interesting case has has can you Can you move to other sort of geo engineering challenges from from the way you're structuring the data and the platform you have Like say I mean fires like huge fires. It's a maybe less of a climate Phenomenon, but could you move to other? Other big scale phenomena of you know that are for example astrophys fire's big forest forest fires like how to Maybe not with the tools here because we're now we're focusing on the flows and the physics of turbulence and flows but there's a lot of initiatives in this weather modification for example my Institute finish meteorological Institute is participating in rain making in the United Arab Emirates So there's more and more of this kind of initiatives Thank you. Oh one question. Yes. Go ahead. Well, I might be I don't know anything about this area really but Somebody told me that it's not good that we do this rain making and put this particle up there Tell me about the environmental aspects of changing the weather's in in this way Okay, I read one report by some environmental Authority about for example silver iodide is one of the used chemicals the quantities according to that report at least were Really negligible there or very minute their environmental impact. So I wouldn't say that that's an issue with this research Thank you. Thanks. Thank you so much. I think that's one thing you are a rainmaker