 Let's get started in the oral cavity before we can talk about the structures that we're going to find in the oral cavity It's helpful to have a sense of where exactly where exactly is this oral cavity you speak of so the oral cavity is Inferior to both the hard palate which is bone and you can feel that at the roof of your mouth you can feel a Hard bony structure. That's part of your skull your teeth are embedded in your hard palate And there's also if you go far enough back. There's a soft palate. That's tissue-y Well, I'm kind of feel it I Can feel the place where my hard palate turns into soft palate So my tongue can actually reach all the way back there and feel that and then your soft palate actually turns into this Fantastic structure, which is basically a wiggly little wormy extension of your soft palate We got to put the name of this thing down here. It's the uvula And I'll go ahead and write hard palate here as well. So we have perspective about where we are Your oral cavity is the entire space. Check this out. These are your teeth This is your mandible What that's a bone What is this giant structure that looks like Elvis's hair? It does I Know that this is shocking That's his tongue Look at all those muscles in there all attached to the mandible Really? That's fantastic And this is whatever that space is between your mandible bones that you can kind of go We're going to talk about all those muscles that control that kind of movement that you can make This what was our whole point? Our whole point was to say what is this oral cavity you speak of? All of this look at it All of that is oral cavity What's farther back? We're going to get into some pharynxes And we'll talk about the pharynxes in the next chunk But right now all we're going to look at is the structures that are found just in that oral cavity This is because this is a lip a Lower lip and an upper lip again. You orient yourself to this section and we've got our teeth in there There's a space in between your lower lip and your mandible Which is holding your teeth and that space right here is called the vestibule seriously You will see that we actually have lots of different vestibules Vestibules It's kind of interesting as we proceed we will see more vestibules See if there's anything else I need to tell you from this image This is where we're focusing now There are two structures that we're going to look at in a little more detail and they play different roles in digestive processes digestion does happen in the mouth and Do you remember the two kinds of digestion that we can have? Remember we can have mechanical digestion and chemical and Mechanical digestion in your mouth happens because of who your teeth dogs and Chemical digestion really there are chemicals being added into your mouth that are digesting your food Indeed it is so your saliva Contains Digestive enzymes. Okay. It contains one digestive enzyme called salivary amylase that breaks down starch And so chemical digestion actually begins in your mouth there are three pairs of Salivary glands that contribute saliva and we're going to look at those guys I think first on my list is to look at teeth So let's check out that that's actually kind of a nice image of teeth See it. This is actually the direction. I meant to go because I want to talk about our Different kinds of teeth and how many we have and how to tell them apart distinguishing features of our teeth So look my friends a baby a Baby has What are they called? What are they called? They are Baby, no they have a name deciduous teeth Like deciduous trees deciduous teeth and Babies have ultimately they are going to erupt in Glorious fun times when the eruptions start happening they're going to end up with 20 deciduous teeth or baby teeth or milk teeth and I'm going to show you what those teeth are now Orient yourself here This is an upper jaw or an upper maxilla This is the lower jaw or the mandible and we have two sides And so you got to know that we just laid out all these teeth so that you can see the whole thing But this is the midline like if I drew a line down the whole thing That's my midline so teeth on this side are Assuming this is We won't even talk about right and left Because I actually don't know which one is supposed to be which is this anatomical position or what but One side these would be like all of the ones on your right or left And this would be all the ones on the other side. You follow what I mean right left Okay, so we have two incisors that are Lining the medial aspect of your teeth these guys right here are your incisors Incisors are for chopping. This is the medial incisor. This is a lateral incisor All told you have four incisors on the bottom and you have four incisors on the top I when I'm counting teeth when I'm looking at a skull and trying to identify what tooth we're talking about I start in the midline. I know that the two teeth Lateral to the midline are going to be incisors and I basically count from there The next friendly tooth in line is actually called a canine tooth and Canine teeth you've got two on the bottom and two on the top and These guys are puncturing teeth. They're sharper than incisors incisors are kind of chisel like so they're for ripping and tearing and canines are for puncturing and hanging on to stuff Then we start getting into our Mollers now This is a place where it gets a little bit interesting because you notice that the white teeth on top Those are my baby teeth But look at the grown-up teeth Underneath that. This is actually a baby mouth like you can see grown-up teeth inside a baby's skull So these guys these are baby molars and there's two of them Now don't get confused baby molars when they so far Baby incisors fall out and grown-up incisors grow in and we replace one-to-one a baby canine falls out and grown-up canines grow in And we replace them one-to-one baby molars Fall out They're not replaced by grown-up molars. They're actually replaced by grown-up premolars why? They do not know why they're called premolars But they are premolars and Then the grown-ups Grow molars that never existed in the baby mouth. So all of these white teeth that we just named Including the two baby molars. That's 20 baby teeth all told When the premolar when the baby molars fall out premolars grow in which means, you know what in your grown-up mouth You probably should have some molars, you know you have them, don't you and you do you have actually three molars Most of us have our third molar pulp What's that guy called? That's your wisdom tooth dogs Makes you so wise and most of us have them pulled out. So what does that say about us? Hmm, it says that our mouths are too small to fit all those crazy teeth in there That's it. What else did I need to tell you about these guys? I think we're totally good Okay, now let's talk about our salivary glands, but first of all don't forget teeth Why do we have to learn all the tooth anatomy? Because our teeth are responsible for the mechanical digestion that takes place in your oral cavity Shall we look at our salivary glands? Remember your salivary glands are actually contributing Chemicals, yeah, they contribute fluid if you tried to chew up a cracker without any saliva in your mouth Yeah, good luck on that. Good luck swallowing it if you did not have any saliva. So saliva Serves a lot of functions. It also contains an antibacterial substance which breaks down bacterial Walls, how cool is that? So you're busting up bacteria when you spit all over stuff Fantastic. So here are my salivary glands. First of all, the big boy The big boy is called the parotid gland and Please remember that this is just one side. We actually have another parotid gland on the other side Para, par means next to ot means ear So the parotid gland is actually next to your ear The parotid gland produces about 30% of your saliva and There's one duct that's emptying out of your parotid gland and you can actually feel it Again, I have one. I don't know if I bit my parotid gland opening or what, but this side is like massive And this side I Can find it, but it's not really as massive as the other one One opening and If you're going to try and find it in your mouth, it's Superior, it's on the superior end between your cheek and your Maxilla, it's between your cheek and your teeth and you can reach up there and you can feel it and you can even feel saliva come out of that thing two other sets of Salivary glands you have sub mandibular glands Sub mandibular Now I'm going to write the other gland down and we'll talk about them together My other gland is sublingual my sublingual lingual tongue Submandibular Below the mandible the mandible is your lower jaw So your sub mandibular gland is going to be closer to your mandible Even though this is part of your mandible My brain is like yeah, I can see sub mandibular back here Sublingual is underneath your tongue and that totally works for me. Look at how much closer the sublingual gland is to your tongue Now here's the deal Submandibular is the friend that produces the most saliva. I have to make sure that that's true. Yes. Thank you It produces 65% of your saliva. That's crazy talk and Your sublinguals are only producing about 5% of your saliva. So submandibular are doing the biggest job The tricky thing is looking at the ducts. You notice that the parotid gland has one duct that dumps Fluid out. Same with submandibular. Look, here's my submandibular gland and you can see one duct that comes up and opens just posterior to the incisors. In fact, you have a structure. Did I say this already? The lingual phrenulum You have the labial phrenulum, which is I think you can see it. You can see it right there There's only a labial phrenulum. See that tiny little dianeto pointer? It's like that. You can feel it It's that little skin thing that connects your lip to your gums That's your labial phrenulum because these are actually your labia of your face and Your lingual phrenulum is the same kind of structure. Let's see if you can see this without me salivating all over you Your lingual phrenulum is underneath your tongue and it's a thing of skin that Marks the midline of your tongue and connects your tongue to your the bottom part of your mouth Did you follow that? So what was the point? The point was submandibular gland has two no one on a side one duct that Exits just lateral to the lingual phrenulum. Holy moly So have you ever gleeke before? I'm a gleeking expert because when I was in the rockin Sixth grade some punk slime ball named Zach Munoz punk Zach Munoz He used to turn around and gleeke all over my desk and when you gleeke You actually are flexing your submandibular glands Flexing you can't flex glandular tissue. You're flexing some kind of muscle or something That activates your submandibular glands to secrete saliva and you can shoot it out far and You actually can shoot it out on people and I mean, I can vividly remember sitting in my desk and Looking at my desk and being like what the hell There is spit all over my desk because he would just turn around and like gleeke all over my desk So in true Wendy Riggs form I proceeded to go out and learn how to gleeke so that I could retaliate and I've actually become quite an excellent gleeker if you can't gleeke I'm not going to do it because I don't want to gleeke all over my computer screen, but you can actually flex your tongue like that and Saliva will spit out and if you're like, yeah, I'm not very good at it Then just eat something sour first. I've got all the skills. I learned all of these lessons That is the submandibular gland now Sublingual sublingual doesn't produce much saliva But hold here it is see my sublingual gland just deep to the tongue Inferior to the tongue. Holy ducks. Are you kidding me? There's ducks all Along the line. You can't gleeke out of your sublingual gland because there's that it doesn't produce it up saliva You wouldn't get any like forward action Which have a gleeke in contest Somebody don't remind me that I said that because that's a little bit crazy All right, let's move on and talk about the fairings