 All right, don't be frightened. I have a visual here. This is a complicated visual that actually layers on meiosis and independent assortment with a punnett square plus P traits. Now the only thing that makes me sad about this diagram Well, okay There's two things that make me sad and I will be very quiet about my sadness because I'm much more grateful than sad because this It's awesome that this human lady of hats Yes, lady of hats. It's awesome that they Set up this image for us and threw it out to the public domain for everyone to use The things that are a little challenging about this diagram number one The symbols are totally different than what we've been using Number two, I feel like there's a weird I think there's a dominant and recessive discrepancy in What this diagram says is dominant around pod shape compared to what we talked about Being dominant in pod shape This would be okay, I have I have words to say before we tackle this this is an example of Analyze I would never give you this and then go ha ha. This actually isn't the correct Dominant and recessive for pod puffiness. I Wouldn't give you that I would give you this and say what's going on here and then you'd go Oh, well, it looks like they are saying that Crunch pods crinkled pods are Dominant to uncrinkled to puffy pods see that This is how I know because the big Y is Dominant and look here this yellow one is Shows a crinkled pod with homeless. I guess dominant Y So the point is that they're saying something different in this diagram, but you can go with it like who cares We're not memorizing P Qualities we're practicing heredity traits. So the two traits that we're going to look at our color and crinkledness That means that we actually are going to deal with two pairs of homologous chromosomes and look up there carefully you can see that Independent assortment is how we end up with more possible gametes Then what you might you might just be like do to our and are done but depending on how those Homologs line up on the metaphase plate. We already know that that's independent assortment Depending on how that happens. We get more Possible gametes then you might think okay, so I really like this because we see our heterozygous Genotypes of both parents. Yes We see the possible Alignments notice in the left-hand alignment. We have all blue on one side and all red on the other and In the right-hand alignment. We have a blue and a red on each side So I again, I really like this because now we can see that when we do when meiosis happens and anaphase separates the chromosomes we end up with one possible gamete that has all blue chromosomes One that has all red One that has a half blue and red and one that has the other half blue and red. Do you follow how? Independent assortment means that we can mix and match our gametes now I Don't know we have to go through Meiosis two this right here. We we are in meiosis one And we have to go through meiosis two But the results of meiosis two are going to be the same as the results of meiosis one with the Exception that we're not talking about crossing over in here. So we're not even thinking about that whole phenomenon We're just looking at the independent chromosomes themselves So where they show? down here They show the two products of you know, the sisters split in meiosis two and now we have two haploid gametes from that one cell They have the same possible genotype in the gamete and We end up with four possible gametes If I gave you if I just like if we didn't even look at this and we're like, okay How many if this is my genotype? For a parent heterozygous for two traits. How many possible gametes can we produce? You're gonna say You could go through meiosis You could and I'm kind of surprised that I don't have to I don't have to visualize meiosis to do this I can visualize meiosis to convince myself that I'm right This is how this is why we end up with this many gametes But I just look at that parent genotype and then I say, okay Possible gametes. What are all the possibilities that I can have? Well, I could have a big R Only one big R and A big Y Or I could have a big R and a little Y When you only have two genes It's easier if you had like ten genes Then they were all heterozygous and you had to go through and methodically come up with how many possible gametes You're you might have some troubles But with just two genes to keep track of it's pretty methodical. I then go I could have a little R and a big Y Or a little R And a little Y There they are my four possible gametes I'll make that a square sperm For fun That's it guys. That's all you have to do to determine your possible gametes But do you agree that we got those because we went through meiosis and do you agree That we got those because of independent assortment and that's the piece That old boy Mendel was like dude, I think That they can like line up somehow and separate independently of each other when we're dealing with two traits Home kids indeed, okay I'm gonna leave this and we're gonna go and do our own Dihybrid cross remember a monohybrid cross Had one heterozygous trait that we crossed If we have two heterozygous traits like big R Little R times big R. Oh my gosh, little R what nobody knows what I just said. I just drew it so Watch my actions not my words Whatever that's the dihybrid cross and I want to take us away and do it ourselves On a clean sheet of paper and go through our four steps so that we do the whole thing ourselves. Okay Dihybrid cross coming at you