 Components of a Prokaryote A prokaryotic cell is a single-celled organism. Prokaryotes include bacteria cells. There are more bacteria on our planet than any other organism, and they are overwhelmingly beneficial. They recycle our nutrients, produce antibiotics, and preserve our food. A very few are harmful and cause disease. Let's examine the components of a prokaryotic cell. The components include granules, structures that contain chemical storage material, chromatin body, tightly-coiled DNA that contains the genetic information of the bacterium, ribosomes, the site of protein synthesis, cytoplasm, a thick gelatinous solution that contains a mixture of nutrients and allows for cell biochemical reactions. Glycocalics, polysaccharide material external to the cell wall that can have the characteristic of protection and or attachment to surfaces. Cell membrane, a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that regulates cell transport and is the location of respiration and some biosynthesis in bacteria. Mesosome, an extension of the cell membrane that increases the surface area of the cell membrane and may play a role in chromosome segregation during cell division. Cell wall, a rigid structure composed of peptidoglycan that prevents lysis in a hypotonic environment. Sexpilus, a tubular appendage found on some bacteria that allows transfer of DNA between bacterial cells. Thimbrié, short hair-like appendages that can cover the surface of bacteria and allow the organism to adhere to surfaces. Flagellum, an appendage that allows bacterial motility. Let's assemble this bacteria from the interior of the cell to its exterior. We have successfully built the bacteria. This concludes this activity on the components of a prokaryote.