 This study examined the effects of chlamydia infection on the microbiomes of the vagina, uterus, and overduct. Mice were infected with chlamydia at either 10 am or 10 pm, and their microbiomes were monitored over the course of the infection. The results showed that mice infected at 10 am had higher levels of chlamydia infectivity than those infected at 10 pm. Additionally, the microbiomes of the vagina, uterus, and overduct differed significantly between the two groups of mice. These findings suggest that the time of infection may play a role in the development of chlamydia infections. This article was authored by Lihong Zhao, Stephanie Alundi, Francis O'Eco, and others.