 I did science at school primarily, and I went to university initially to study chemistry as an undergrad. So I went through in the UK what's called the ordinary degree chemistry programme, so not into honours. Then I switched into biochemistry because I just found biochemistry more triggered my interest in the sense, I'd always been a bit interested in biology, although I hardly studied biology at school only in first year. But I was really interested to understand how this chemistry was actually applied to living systems. It takes a big leap of faith to understand that what goes on in cells is not really magic. It's chemical reactions going on in there, and I wanted to know a little bit more about how that worked. So background and organic chemistry helps, but it just gets you into the subject. I was really lucky actually in my final year as an undergrad in Bristol. I had some great teachers who, I don't want to sound too high for looting, but really inspired me to get involved in the area I've been in ever since. There was one guy in particular, this was the time when we were just starting to understand how hormones like insulin work. It had all been a complete black box, nobody had any idea how it worked. They did things, they made your cells take up glucose from the blood and store it as a molecule called glycogen. But nobody had the faintest idea how this works. We were just starting to get the first inklings of what the mechanisms might be inside the cell that allowed a hormone in the bloodstream to change things within the cell. And this guy just got over to me that, not that this was a fantastic story that was all cut and dried, but they were kind of on the real tip of an iceberg that there was beginning discoveries that were going to open up a lot more research in the future, not just to find out how insulin work to control sugar metabolism, but how cells as a whole worked. And luckily I was on to the, made the right hunch. It's been true the last 25 years have been a voyage of real discovery in that area, because that's also what underlies diseases like cancer. The principles are the same, the details are different, but once you start to know how these things work in principle, you can then start to ask questions about what happens in this disease or in that.