 Cancer stem cells, CSCS, are responsible for the initiation, maintenance and spread of tumors. They have the ability to undergo epithelial mesenchymal transition, EMT, allowing them to migrate and invade surrounding tissues. Additionally, they can also alter their metabolism to survive in harsh environments. These adaptations allow CSCS to evade current treatments and promote tumor growth. Furthermore, the tumor microenvironment plays a key role in the regulation of CSCS, providing them with nutrients and other resources necessary for survival. By understanding the mechanisms behind CSCS, we can develop new strategies to target them and prevent tumor recurrence. This article was authored by Sara Razi, Amin Harparast, Sepadichodari Khameneh, and others.