 So, let's pick up where we had left off the specimen of the brain which is built up on it. As per usual pattern, we are going to first demarcate certain special sulci, then we will see the various gyran and then we will put some functional areas in that and we will see what are those areas. You can see that we have highlighted three sulci. Once sulcus was already there, which we have just highlighted, that is the lateral fissure of sylvius. And we had also mentioned that the portion of the brain below the lateral fissure of sylvius is the temporal lobe. On the lateral surface of the temporal lobe, the temporal lobe, if you were to really understand the whole thing in totality, think of it as a long rectangular cuboid. Therefore, the temporal lobe has a superior surface, a lateral surface, an inferior surface and a medium surface. In this picture, what you see here, you can see only the lateral surface. The superior surface is hidden inside the depths of the lateral fissure, but we will separate it out and we will show you. The inferior surface is below this, obviously we cannot see it in this picture and the medium surface obviously also we cannot see in this picture, but I will show it to you in another slide. So, let us focus on the lateral surface. We have demarcated two other sulci on the lateral surface. The upper one is called the superior temporal sulcus and the lower one paradoxically is called the middle temporal sulcus. I mean, to my we are thinking it should have been called inferior temporal sulcus, so don't ask me why it is called the middle temporal sulcus. Just to take you one step back, it is the superior temporal sulcus and the end of it we had seen area 39, but anyway let us come back to the temporal sulcus. By these two sulci, we have demarcated the entire lateral surface of the temporal lobe into three gyri. The superior temporal gyrus, the middle temporal gyrus and the inferior temporal gyrus. Now let us put some functional areas in place. Let me take you to the inset picture first. The inset picture has actually demonstrated the superior surface of the superior temporal gyrus. There is a small parallel gyrus here on the superior surface, which is shown diagrammatically here. It is not on the lateral surface, it is on the superior surface. That is called the parallel gyri of Heschel or more precisely the primary and the secondary auditory area, areas 41 and 42. So that is what has been demonstrated here diagrammatically, but actually it is located on the superior surface, which means it is hidden inside the depths of the lateral facial. What is the function of this area? This area is responsible for perception of sound, auditory area, primary and secondary. We consider them together as the auditory area. Now let us come to the next functional area. We can see another functional area, which is posterior to auditory area and which has been numbered 22. This is also in the superior temporal gyrus. It is posterior to the primary auditory area. Again it has been diagrammatically shown here on the lateral surface. It is partly on the superior surface, partly on the lateral surface. This is called the auditory association area. What does this do? This receives impossess from the primary and the secondary auditory area and it processes the sound and it helps you to recognize the sound. So therefore, if there is a lesion of this auditory association area on the dominant side, the person is unable to recognize the sound and is unable to recognize the meaning of the spoken language and that is called pure word deafness. It is a variant of word decay. That is auditory association area. Now let us put three things together by means of this dotted line black line. You can see by the dotted black line we have encircled three functional areas. We have encircled area 22. That is auditory association area which was on the temporal lobe and we also encircled 39 and 40 which we had already described in the parietal lobe. These three areas constitute one of the most important language areas which is again present on the dominant side and this is collectively called the word encase area or the sensory or the receptive area.