 We had the pleasure of having a macros ice power from our over here and human rent from ICI and Serunesville from our local channel So I welcome you all and thank you so much for taking the time to come here and present and go a while Thank you very much. I think I have to turn on this Okay, I think we can make it a little bit more attractive First of all Introduce you what we're doing. So basically what we're mainly doing. We are working on 4.0 and How to manage all the wells of data that you have there? So we have lots of people of project in that area and if you'll read through this cartoon It's funny, but on the other hand it describes quite well the situation in industry But sometimes people are a little bit lost by all the buzzwords. What do they really mean and what can what can IOT really provide? So Fraun offer for those who don't know Fraun offer is the largest applied research institution in Europe It has more than 80 research institutions at the moment we have 67 of Fraun offer institutes more than 25 24,000 employees the majority of them Educated in natural science or engineering so I'm and the annual research volume is of 2.4 billion euros of Which two billions are generated through contract contract research and within this Two billion we aim to have one third of this money So this is the ideal model for a Fraun offensive from directly from industry So as you can see from there, we are working quite a plight So here you have an idea where Fraun offer is okay mainly it's it's in Germany, but it's not only in Germany We have also Centers in US also in Several centers in South America and Asia and all over the world. So I Cam I'm coming from the middle of of this in from St. Augustine, which is basically close to Bonn Which is almost the same size as Arhus and It's better known as the former capital of the Federal Republic of Germany and This is a Picture of my office So it looks very nice, but you know in reality it's it's just the administration that sits there It's like like always so the scientists have to work in a different place But it's it's we have this little castle and it's very good for venues like comparable to these ones We are a pure software institute And our aim so we distinguish from other software institutes in the Fraun offer community that we put the user into the center of our developments so and We want to optimize the usefulness and usability of IT and to connect this with the daily work and all the processes that that are And compost in it, which means that sometimes we also don't Use IT because if it turns out that it's not useful we would we would We would not use it. I'm representing the department which is central of the Institute user-centered computing and We are dealing a lot with we started with embedded systems as well and which is now called Internet of Things and cyber physical systems and of course What I'm presenting is of course is not not what I am doing. It's what all the group is doing And so I keep this in mind. It's it's mostly not me, but it's it It's a big group of very talented people Who are working in lots of projects this gives you an overview of the current projects that we have here? I listed just the names because I'm getting out of space so but don't be afraid because I will just talk About three of these projects But just to give you an idea of the topics that we're interested in so we we deal with lots of with energy or resource efficiency How to use our middleware that we have to save energy to make things a little bit smarter We have been dealing with Smart grits and with smart cities. So this is the main topic today and Lots of projects are dealing with Internet of Things and how to apply Internet of Things or industry 4.0 to the to the industry then we have also some other projects which are interesting like Rich where we focus on a merchant a merchant she a merchant she management Okay, okay, but talking about Internet of Things So what you might have in mind is is something like like a new song song go in in South Korea This is in a city Complete smart city that is being built and it will be amazing Also another example is must our city in the United Arab States So they the aim was to build the first climate neutral city in the middle of a desert But as you might have heard as well there are some some problems as well here in this city, so Inhabitants don't feel very comfortable in this a little bit Yeah artificial Cities there is a lot of what you can do for sustainability and so on but Inhabitants should also be involved in it. So that's that's let's say My perspective which is more user centered is that technology is not everything I will now present you some more down-to-earth projects Which are typical for the projects that we Aim to this is a project That a smart city project where we wanted to make a city more sustainable to provide a service platform For the city information systems Also to support new business models and to include the citizens into the decision process and Of course one of the goals is to optimize energy use, but not only this in the case of almanac, it's also Water and waste management were one of the main topics the this project is Is a European project which was also among some of the partners in the project is also the Alexandra Institute which did a wonderful job here and The idea here was The use case is the city of Turing in Northern Italy and what they they have a problem Which is not common in northern Europe, but they have a lot of water leakage In the in their pipe systems and they have problems out of that And it's sometimes not that easy to discover these leakages in the in the In the system and so we decided to build up a little some Build upon the existing infrastructure some apps that help help them to report leakages and also to to get information if there has been Some potential danger in the In the system so the idea is that that this is quite cheap to do it It saves the utility Money in terms of that they have less complaints and it's less Let's come herself to collect them they And the user can save some money on the insurance because they don't have the damages of of it and Maybe also say save some money in For example, if there is a leaking toilet which consumes a lot of water and the insurance company Does not have to pay the large sums for for water damaged houses Okay So what we had there were smart meters Which reported for example a water leakage? These are very very simple smart meters for water and Then the user is being notified may call a plumber and and Okay, I don't hope this That he needs to be restarted now Okay, and then the user calls a plumber and the the leakage might be fixed Here's an example of an iPhone app that has been used as you can see here the user has realized a little less consumption than than before the average is 25 liters at this day. He has consumed a little less. He can get some details. He can report some some alarms and so on and then On the other side the city management has an app which provides all the information in the map and then you can see some Some problems and notify your your Citizens of water quality issues, so For example if the pipe has been has burst or if contaminants have been detected in the network Structure the other case is is waste management So we wanted to optimize the waste collection process To optimize the fleet management the route planning and the process Optimization and then also involved at the same time the citizens to allow them to report abundant waste for example So also here we have realized two prototypes an integrated waste management app for the truck driver or lorry driver depending on American or British English app and then app for the citizens And which is then integrated into the reporting system of the of the city and And monitoring tool for the underground ecological islands so for example the truck driver has a Route planning like this one and then he gets a Notification that there is a Deviation of it and it can replan out dynamically the route to collect a garbage bin who has been reported to be filled up and in the In this garbage when you have sensors in there that report the fill level This allows a more dynamic planning of the of the route and saves a lot of of time because unnecessary routes are avoided and It can be planned more dynamically and on and this is a view of the of the app for the citizens where they can report for example that there has been an overflow of a waste bin for example and This is registered and then someone can take care of it to To get rid of the of the waste here This is integrated into a waste management city of the municipality So they get an overview of all the issues that have been reported they can plan a workflow and They they They have a report Here you can see the created issues by by the by the citizens and as you can see here This is just the upper part of this Ecological islands. This is a very big waste bin Which is underground and it is We have included some fill level sensors in there so that you How the fill level is these are placed in the in the old part of the city of touring and So what we we do now is we collect in real-time the data And we have also some historical information and we can now forecast how this this Fill level will evolve in order to plan more properly how to how to collect this ecological islands in there as you so here's the interface of the of the dashboard you can see for example The fill level here is 56% And then you have a predicted date when the when this Should be collected when it When it is full Okay, so this is a very practical So under in the background you have some simulation models collecting the the information and predicting when the fill levels are achieved and That's another example also down to earth is Decision support project is also a European project called seem for us and where mainly the goal was to save energy in the In the metro stations in Barcelona, so they are the goal was to say 5% under real operation conditions and Metros are really huge energy consumers the Barcelona metro uses 63.1 million kilowatt hours a year and a third of that is used just by the metro stations not by the trains So a savings of 5% is an equivalent of Of the average consumption of 700 households, so it's a it's a lot of of saving if we achieved it So what what did we do? first of all we Started with one very old metro station in fact, it's the oldest one the Pasei de Gracia It was built already in 1924 and it is Now nowadays a metro station with three lines in there, so you have three different metro lines and Typical working day is accessed by more than 35,000 passengers a day So first of all first of all we concentrated on the ventilation What we found when we inspected this metro station was that they had a schedule so under You had big fans in the in the metro station here with where you you get in the the wind and Also, you can see here It was operated in that way that in the In the evening it was open to get in fresh air and then the during the day The air was let out of the of the tubes It was just Just working like that full-time all the all the time pumping air out of the metro station and also using Using the the metros itself to pump out the air and Pumping air in into the station in the in the night We changed it of course the other thing is lightning at that time they used the T8 technology this which is an an old non LED technology we changed it to LED and Also, the lightning was managed according to a predetermined schedule and lightning level was much above the The regulation that was allowed there, so you have very Strict regulations how the lightning level is in a should be in a metro station You're not completely free to turn on and off for lights there But they were above that because they wanted to feel their passengers more more safe Okay, and then the the last issue that we looked at were the escalators and and elevators And they they were already Optimized to local demand So what did we do? We we collected we installed a lot of sensors in there we collected air quality also other Parameters in order to to get a more reactive and proactive control And also the lightning and the escalator control functions Were now changed to more dependent on the occupancy of the of the areas and The fan control is then dependent on the thermal Conditions on the and also on the air quality dynamics and also of the weather forecast We took this all into the consideration We used very low power sensor network battery powered so you you see some examples We also used the camera in there To have an idea of how many passengers you have at the moment You can see here There's a it was a CC CC TV based occupancy detection systems Which was running in parallel with a surveillance system. It's it's quite good for privacy reasons because we don't detect any We just detect the density here in order to have an estimation how many people are in the in the tube at the moment and so we can avoid any privacy issues and Then we use this for example to control the lightning system and It's a bit contradictory to to what you would expect because you we Changed the lightning for example that we turn off the lightning or turn it down when you have lots of people there in the tube so on and during rush hours, this is because You feel unsecure if you're completely alone in the tube You need to see the end of the tube But if there are lots of people if your neighbor is very close to you You don't need a lot of light to see him so you can turn down the The light level and you can save a lot of energy by doing that during rush hours So we also use some environmental Monitoring so the weather forecast to predict the the needs of the ventilation and Then we estimated the future thermal airflow conditions of the station based on the past history And this model was also able to learn from the from the control history and adapt accordingly So what did we achieve at the end here are the results which I'm quite proud to present because they're really exceptionally good if you see we wanted to achieve a 5% of energy reduction and we managed to To Reduce the energy consumption by 21% in the in the Case where we applied maximum comfort and in the case where we applied maximum savings even 38% There are areas that we were not allowed to control For example advertisements Some vending machines and so on we are not allowed to control them of course. So in total it still results in a In a reduction of 13% in the in the worst case and 23% in the in the best case Which is very good Okay, and then the last project that I wanted to present you which is going to start in January this next year It's a large-scale IOT pilot on wearables that I'm going to coordinate and As you can see here is a large list of partners in there But what what is interesting? It's because it has to do a lot with cities This project Has two application domains which are also relevant for cities one is the noise level in in the cities Here applied to events So you have Events large-scale cultural events where you want to have a very good experience During this event if you are a visitor of the event, but the neighbors also don't want to get bothered by by By the visitors and also by the sound of the of the festival for example and the second area that we're looking at is security and Safety in this area so We have there are some some challenges for large-scale cultural events So inner-city concerts festivals pop areas goose fairs, etc We want to guarantee a high quality of the sound and want to minimize the annoyance for neighbors also noise from large crowds in cities can can be annoying and At the same time we are applying lots of large-scale Sensors in there where we have an idea where all the crowds are moving so we can use this for safety and security for spotting issues That might be out of balance so improving the security and safety of people and also providing some guidance in case of emergency and Of course we the goal is to find a good balance between amusement security and quality of life So how do we want to do it? So looking into the in the sound case we will have some new Sensors that are wireless some are installed in there and we will collect all the time the noise level and Use this to to for cancelling as well So in the area you will have areas where you Where the sound is being controlled by this self-adapting South cancellation units So the idea is that you have a stage like this one. This is on Tivoli. So Tivoli Copenhagen is one of the cities who was taking part here and You will have this sound cancellation islands all around the area and in this areas They could be in the form of a tree for example with equipped with some loudspeakers you you should find spots where you can where the sound level is reduced so that you can Talk on the phone you can Speak During a rock concert. So that's the idea here Okay So we want to deploy and demonstrate IOT ecosystem security Using large amounts of heterogeneous interoperable IOT enabled devices smart bracelets Smartphone smartwatches lights cameras drones and of course loudspeakers as well and and Demonstrated in large-scale operating conditions. So we have more than 10,000 end-users simultaneously acting in this in these cases, which is quite challenging and Here you have the Six cities where we that we are addressing so Copenhagen with the Tivoli In Turin we have two large fairs and concerts We have in Hamburg to the port anniversaries anniversary and the dome which is comparable to Tivoli And then we have the Fette de la Lumière in Lyon in Bonn. We have the big city event and Beethoven Fest and Here in Leeds we have a Cricket and and rugby Stadium so to apply the same on sports events So that's the idea here Okay this is What are so here you can see an overview of all the pilots and all the the different different Applications and as you can see here the total number of participants the pole expose is really quite high. So This is the main challenge in this project to operate all these Sensors Simultaneously and to come up with apps that are being used by all the by the By the visitors of these events So we need to come up with something that gives them some benefit as well in order to To track the users in order to track the sound level and to reduce it. They won't won't do it just for for fun Okay, oh Sorry, I Wanted to end with Visionary as well Oscar Nima, you know probably everyone knows him is the famous Brazilian architect who had also lots of spirit in how to To build a city and I think It was the same case in in Brasilia the capital capital of Brazil this was an artificial city and the idea of Oscar Nima was To build something in the shape of an airplane. So there was the original idea So you can see it now from this is from the space That it still has this this shape and in the beginning of the city was and Everyone was transported to that area and it was really quite artificial But now it's evolving to a to a real city and had introduced some some new So people are really living there. So it takes some time and You must learn maybe something from an old An old course. So it's the jacks-dotson law, which they discovered in 1908 so what we need is an optimal level of So What I mean is You you can overdo something in the city. So if you if you Look into the cities where which are fully automated. They will be No challenge for for the inhabitants so in order to to feel well in the city you need an And a good arousal level so you need to do something in the city yourself as well The technology cannot do everything for you because then you the interest is falling or it could be Your performance will be very very weak or you feel uncomfortable in there So I think smart cities are an area that are really emerging now and are very very interesting And I'm looking forward to see what type of Developments we can come up here and also what type of of business opportunities are emerging in this Area so you have lots of data You will have lots of problems as well with security and and other issues in there But there's a lot of opportunities and new upcoming Problems yeah Challenges, okay That's it. Thank you very much Any comments or questions? Yes I mean I was referring to them to the the the cities Here the examples that I presented you in the beginning You have There has been some critique. Let me go back This one There has been lots of critique for example for for Mazda city This has been a great idea to build an ecological city, but people are not willing to move there They feel they feel it's it's a bit strange to live there. They feel very uncomfortable Technology is helping them in every sense, but they don't have they feel useless They feel something like okay like like a flower in an apartment, but they their own task is Neglected. That's what I mean is that you can overdo something with technology as well Although your your intentions are are good So what kind of sensors use a Normally we try to use out-of-the-shelf sensors, so we buy them different so for example in the case of the Of the metro station We used out-of-the-shelf air flow sensors CO2 sensors and so on and connected them to to to to Base stations in in the Yes, in this case was sick be that's that's true, but we were using different all types of wireless communications that wave Bluetooth low energy in ocean You name it we what I didn't present here is that we have in the background We have a middleware that we're using to connect all these sensors and actuators and In the middle where we have enabled all different types of protocols by the way, this is an open-source middleware It's called link smart you can use it if you if you The middle where Yeah That's well in the case of the old smart city that these are cloud services in the back end and But in other cases for example where we applied on on industry projects industries a little bit more Restricted so they running it on their own service So Yeah, we look normally we look into what is already there we use what what is available we try To avoid cellular Networks because or if we have to connect with cellular networks, we we have a Specific type how to collect the data so that we don't send every time so it's normally not a real time but collected in on Intervals in order to save money because it's might be costly. Yeah Yeah, it's an open-source middleware that we're using in all our projects that we're developing Further and yeah, there are some already some commercial products built upon the middleware as well Yes, please One of them well, I think the last project that I presented this large-scale IOT pilot one of the big challenges is still how to manage all the Simultaneously in real time the data of of such a number of sensors I think there there have been some experiments demonstrating how to do this But it's different if you apply it in the in the real world You will face lots of of real-world problems if you if you apply it in on a in a festival So then there the security issues that are connected to the sensors and devices You might have dedicated attacks to the devices that you know, there are lots of problems Yes, please I It's it's done differently, so we have done it in with cloud infrastructure and also Just with a single server with a distributed system, but not a cloud That depends on On the stakeholders in the project what what is meant a doable and if they accept for example cloud services, so For example German industry is a little bit conservative with respect to cloud services, so they they are They fear that they're data can could be lost And so they want to to protect it and therefore for example in that case is we use some Internal service, but this the architecture is flexible, so you could adapt it to two different types of solutions Yes, please One thing that I thought was fascinating is that The many different facets you have to look at you have very many aspects. Yes So what type of skills do you need to go so holistic into such a I mean Often people solve the problem. They understand that you have to list it somehow or get a more More system-wide Okay, yeah in that case it was a European project where we had all the different type of experts in the project architects Metro from the facilities And and other hardware specialized specialists in the project, so yeah, it's it's very good to have a Team with all these expertise Yeah, and to get to to make it work Which sometimes is also quite challenging That people talk to each other and then they understand the same thing when they say something. That's the first thing You need to establish a common language Yeah, but it was very very successful, so we Whole pockets full put it on the on your belt you can put it on the belt This way you have to find your ways Morning I Will now talk about standardization, so we already heard a lot about Projects my previous speaker. I'm quite sure using standardized technologies. We heard about 5g technology Yesterday about research project and so on and Now it's about standardization. Okay, sorry idea. This is Yeah first question To be answered is why do we need standardization and this is independence from 5g without standards your ICT devices would simply not work you could not default them and You could not buy them because shelves would be empty nothing there and The question is why I'm quite sure you you know why So I give you the answer right away Because standards ensure interoperability of products and services which means a Smart from smartphone from Samsung Connects to a base station from Ericsson in a network of the mobile for example Or you connect your laptop to the wireless LAN here and To connect to the internet and all of that It's if these devices are affordable because the standardization is a tool Doesn't work Sorry, the standardization is a tool to create markets as large and Tomo genus as possible to allow economies of scale So the idea is to produce a device Somewhere anywhere sell it everywhere and Standards also help to comply with regulation and legislation and without Compliance to regulation of course Products cannot be offered on the market. So it's a mean to access market. So now a few words about 5g 5g is thought Not only to be the next generation of mobile communications but the platform for Let's say the digital transformation in the future So then the ICT platform for transportation health care smart cities Agriculture and even factories and From all these different use cases, of course, there are Widely varying performance requirements. That's why The 5g Standardized system will be has to be quite flexible and built on Building blocks. There is a tight Time plan so there are the very ambitious plans to deploy these technologies Somehow a common agreement to go commercial by 2020 and this is driven rather by political and commercial considerations then technology of course technology evolution is going on and There will be some pre-commercial trials even for the winter Olympic Games in Korea or the Iraq B World Cup in Japan The real commercial deployment as said is planned to start from 2020 on and the Let's say The Olympic Games in Japan will be used to promote the technology in the Far East For the time being there is no not yet standard 5g standard but It doesn't mean that nothing has been done so far in standardization communities in order to Explain how standards are developed We use Well standardization communities follow a Life-cycle approach just like product development or technology development and when we say Standardization then usually we we we have in mind to set a standard which means Stakeholders developing the standards come together and agree on a best solution and And this is This standard is in is a normative document. It's it's it's developed by engineers For engineers to be implemented in products So it's a normative but it before Arriving at the consensus for a normative document to be implemented in a product There is a very important phase of standards related work Which we call pre standardization and this is very much about Technologies new technologies evaluating those new technologies assessing them Or also having in mind different business models and Coordinate technology evolution among stakeholders and the like and the result of this phase is not a normative document But these are studies these are reports These are guides. These are white papers and This has been Already explored quite much a few words about It's is different lines of Developing standards there There are partnership projects most prominently 3 g pp and 1 m 2 m 3 g p 3 g p p for mobile communications 1 m 2 m for for iot the internet of things communication between machines There are Classic technical committees in support of European regulation and we have so-called industry specification groups where we can reach out also to non It's in members to participate in the technical work and to make contributions to deliverables So the decision maker Mechanisms and participation mechanisms are somehow different What is common to all of these activities is an is the IPR policy which is friend Which means a promise of of companies to give away to grant licenses on fair reasonable and non-discriminatory conditions Well, etsy a few words about etsy It's one of the three European Standardization Institute recognized by the European Union Our members we have more than 800 members from all over the world with manufacturers operators research institutes universities governments the administration and They all together decide Upon the program of work. It's completely developed bottom up So the minimum requirement to start anything in any new standardization initiative is for four members out of those more than 800 members have to support negativity and have to plan the timing and have to allocate resources and then of course it's it's a Question to which degree There is interest elsewhere and how many companies join the activity the biggest activities bring together more than thousand delegates and the work through hundreds of contributions But there are also smaller more focused activities like quantum key distribution where we have 20 companies. It's very specialized. It's very Sophisticated knowledge. So these are small groups, but they all develop Numerative documents eventually setting a standard for products to be implemented and sold on the market Now where we are In terms of 5G standards Yeah, looking at 5G standards Yeah, okay. It's very obvious that Standardization although there are many different use cases and different priorities and time scales eventually it's the industry driving standardization and One of the biggest industries of course is the mobile industry So actually the mobile industry which means 3GPP one of our partnership projects Has taken the lead And drives 5G standardization work and they have taken an evolutionary approach Starting from the LTE standard To enhance the LTE standard and to as a next step to have more mobile broadband capabilities, but they aim at having a Forward compatible system design so that later on more novel enablers More revolutionary elements can be added to the system of standards like for example New radio interfaces in the millimeter-wave range So when we talk 5G standards, so actually We have in mind 5G phase one as defined by 3GPP And planned for a release in September 2018 This is called the 3GPP release 15 and Then they plan on they have already planned 5G phase 2 by March 2020 3GPP release 16 The feature sets they are discussed in the committees and agreed upon Technological options and business needs And I can't go into these details Because this would go far too much In this context as said 5GPP is a partnership project of Etsy So what what is done in Etsy and how can Etsy technical committees Contribute to that and here you see some examples For example, the technical committee on satellite systems They make contributions to 3GPP for the satellite domain to be integrated with a terrestrial domain in 5G networks or Technical committee on intelligent transport systems. They provide input for Vehicular communication or environmental engineering. They make contributions how to reduce power consumption in Future 5G networks and so on and so forth Looking more into the future There are several ongoing activities that develop additional enablers for the Faces for them for the subsequent phases of 5G So beyond 2020 This is basically the millimeter wave transmission industry specification group for new radio in 3GPP and also then the backhauling the front hauling and The integrated front haul and backhaul then there is a reach out activity to content aggregation companies content providers to collect requirements for a Converged converged mobile broadcast offer using the 5G standard and So this is a requirements gathering a cross-sector cooperation To find out what is needed in future 5G products to meet all these needs for The business cases they have in mind There there is the network function virtualization ISG Obviously a trend to use of the shelves hardware and to build Virtualized functions on top of it for different networks So this is a major contribution and regarded as a key building block of future 5G networks It's actually the enabler for the network slicing Mobile edge computing which helps to bring down the latency and Also next generation protocols I'll Sketch a few let's say To give you an idea what what this all is about all the Documents the reports the deliverables The standards they can be downloaded from this link you see at the bottom of the page so the idea for for network function Virtualization actually is it's very much network operated driven who want to get rid of all these proprietary Network appliances in their networks, which makes it very complicated to administer to Configure it and all these devices and also to deploy new services And so the the the alternative approach which is Constitutive also for 5G will be off the shelf hardware and virtualized Network functions, which are orchestrated flexibly and of course Delivered from software vendors Then the mobile edge computing It builds a Service environment Next to the base station or even on top of the base station In order to have very low latency applications for example for For traffic control or could also be applied in a factory environment Again All that all all the Specifications can be downloaded from from the link Given at the bottom case you are interested in in the details Millimeter waves so in a first step the group looks into The the V band between 57 and 66 gigahertz and the e-band The Moving to higher frequencies will result in in very small cells and all this the traffic Generated in this very small cells in a mobile network there has has to be deployed has to be transported by Either by optical fiber or by millimeter waves which allows very high data rates And last but not least of course the question is for very low latency applications in 5g The question is what whether TCP IP whether the is fit for purpose So this group at CISG next generation protocol They look into the shortcomings of traditional internet protocol stacks and develop alternatives Having in mind requirements from 5g from future 5g systems and This is also they already made a contribution for the study phase in in 3g pp and This is very interesting ongoing work. It has been started this year in January and of course there is more work relevant for 5g going on at C has a A role to play in spectrum management in Europe. It's a developed the so-called system reference documents where the industry Defines their need for spectrum to be allocated for 5g in the millimeter wave range for example These are arrest the reconfigurable radio system They also develop schemes to share spectrum Which is also one of the key features expected key features for 5g and And of course machine-to-machine communication The idea is to to optimize the machine-to-machine Communication standard developed in one M to M And which can be based on top of 5g connectivity So this is a joint evolution actually taking place this brings me to a few closing remarks There is no no functioning. There are no functioning affordable 5g products for sale without standards for the reasons meant the reason mentioned 5g drives innovation in all sectors Drives digital transformation, which means there are two aspects Digitize what can be digitized and make digital what cannot yet be digitized and everything connected Because this does not solve the problem How to make money with all of these technical opportunities The standardization work is built bottom up by our more than 800 member organizations from all over the world covering all the Merging regions and the developed countries of US mainly US China Japan Korea Europe Early pre-standardization projects are very important and you have to start early to come together And evaluate technical solutions and potential business cases jointly develop to try to coordinate Technology evolution and to coordinate market development and and this is done. This has to be done Before a normative standard to be implemented in a product is set There are many Pre-standardization activities there they have been ongoing for 5g already for several years But now they are entering the normative the state Normative phase so we can expect formal standards Soon according to the 3GPP well within the next two years, let's say and In the but I also wanted to mention some of you might be working for universities or research Institute research input is very Important in this pre-standardization phase where the discussion is all about Identifying the best solution to set the standard. Thank you very much It's just I Okay, thank you I'm very honored to be here today especially because we are here in Orhus at this summit and Terma is head model here in this in this city and And today I'm going to be talking on Where we are spending a lot of our time and effort in terms of of innovation Terma is the largest Danish defense and security company. We we have about 1,300 people employed. We Have a revenue about 200 million US dollars But everything we do is a technology driven. We are a technology company and And I'm not gonna go through all what we do. I'll pick one topic and and the topic I have decided to use for this The speak is actually related to one of our key areas, which is our radar technology Where we have been providing radar systems since the 50s. So we have been doing that for a lot of years And when it comes to to radars and especially if you look at radar systems in in surveillance We are one of the leading companies when it comes to airports to harbors to coastal lines We have more than 2,500 radars installed in the world operating every day Tracking where aircraft are in the airports managing the traffic of ships around harbors protecting sovereignty around coastal lines and And then one of the new areas which is in relation to energy into Windmills and wind farms is one of the topics I'll go a little into and and talk a little more about that We are as I said, we are technology driven and if you look into I'm not going to go through every detail in this this Presentation, but it should give an indication of that. This is a continuous technology Field, I mean you have to apply as the technology becomes ready as you can do something more You have to utilize it and bring it into into the into your products And we've taken a lot of innovation over the last 15 years in our radar technology Moving it going into becoming in terms both of the the solid state and gallium nitrate technology, but also software wise In making the whole radar software defined and applying that and moving into tracking and automation in the field as well And we will continue to do that but The topic I'd like to bring into this speech is really one of the cases one of the areas where we use our radars Which is a fairly new area? And that is in relation to the energy sector where you talk about putting up wind farms When you with the whole rush there is today about Getting more green green energy and wanting to put up a very large wind farms overseas It actually creates an issue with the existing Installations that are around the world around airports and so far and let me try to explain what the problem is The problem is if you if you want to put up like hundred windmills At sea you typically do that in an area where there might be something else in in in proximity it could be an airport and And this actually shows a little what happens to some of the existing Radars that are around airports. So that's a that's a It could be another one, but this is a particular radiant radar around an airport and what it shows is that When you have a huge area of windmills operating overseas The existing radars cannot detect anything Around that area where the windmills are the reason is that you have the big Turbines the blades are rotating and they're creating a big Interference in that area which really means you track you lose the track so if you have windmills close to an airport and You see and you want to track for safety reasons the traffic going in and out of the airport you actually get blindfolded around the windmills and Becomes a major security issue So so what happens is that is that in effect? You're not getting the allowance So even though you would like to put up the windmills and you want to establish the wind farms You're actually being told from the regulation that you cannot do so The authorities will not allow it to happen and there's been a number of cases where where the winning wind companies have applied for getting licenses to set up Wind farms which have been objected either by Pentagon by airports or other type of authorities and and have actually been been a prohibitive Facet of moving forward and setting up the windmills So as a as a radar company, which we focused on this problem when it became aware to us that there was a problem in that field We looked up We were already at that point in time a leading company when it comes to coastal surveillance when it comes to looking Oversea so could we actually fix that problem? What could we do? Could we could we change our? technology or algorithms to to solve this problem So we we put some research into this and just to show a little a case for this This is actually a case done in the US Where you have an existing? Big wind from this actually overland, but you still have them placed there and you can see I Don't know how many of our but maybe 30 40 Windmills in that area and what we have demonstrated here is that we have taken a small aircraft and blown it in and over The windmills and we able to keep track of that even as it flies in between and above the individual windmills And that's actually a hard thing to do To filter the all the noise out and be able to do such a clear track But it has meant that being able to do that and being able to actually keep track of of of that across the windmills Fixes the the safety case that I presented before so in the UK we work very closely with with Nets Nets is the What does the air traffic control? Institution in the UK. It's actually a private company But it used to be public but it has a public task and they actually we work together with them to demonstrate that we could actually Create the safety case around the number of UK airports and demonstrate that you were allowed to put up the big windmill farms and that led to a number of of trials and also Authorizations to go through that and if we look into that today, we have now our systems installed in Outside a number of UK airports. We are the first one is operational in Liverpool We are a new castle in Glasgow in Edinburgh and and about to get into Glasgow as well And you have to think about that in the UK you have very large Windmill parks in sea and some of the companies pulling them up is actually Dong energy Danish company who are actually behind establishing those huge windmill farms in the UK neighborhood so So we are the first company who have have not been able to to fix that problem and then being able to move forward with that that issue now a Little elaboration here because normally our users the ones who buy our systems would be some kind of authority either a military or coast guard or a Harbour authority or an airport authority and they normally would make budgets where they would sit down and make Planning of how to spend the the public money, and it will be a very long planned process In this particular case, it's a very different scenario Because the ones who really wants to get this problem fixed are the energy companies Because as long as they cannot put up the windmills, they lose revenue so if they can do anything to shorten the time to take out some of the Prohibitance something a prohibit them from doing it. They can actually finance Our technology by the energy that can generate as long as they can be allowed to do so So what actually happened was that we had to find a business model How do we get the money from the energy companies to finance putting up our technology in in in an airport? And we had a lot of talks about that, you know, could we could we do it by selling the radar as a data? You know providing it as a service Could we would it be the energy companies buying it and what if you have more energy companies? in this particular case it ended up being that the energy companies paid the Airports to do the establishment and then it was nets who became our customers But the money came from the energy companies But but I wouldn't wouldn't be surprised to see over the coming period that we would see business models Where we would actually be directly involved with the energy companies On a on a service model, which would be a very new way of us of selling our technology So it will create some some some new new momentum one of the other things that are very interested in in the UK is to free up bandwidth and The UK have a specific initiative, which is called the spectral release program Which basically is to to to free up bandwidth. I guess in relation to 5g and other new new requirements and Our radar is in the expand So what they have found is also that they can actually take out some of the existing radar systems move them to a different bandwidth and If if they are able to demonstrate the safety case for that They can also begin freeing up and replacing old radar systems with our Systems and by that giving you know free up frequency We hadn't seen that when we started investing this area We didn't think about it as being something that could be of benefit to to frequency So so again, we had to rethink, you know, what is it actually the business case? How do we go out and sell our products where the real reasons might be to move the technology Intent into a different bandwidth to free up some some money for other reasons So suddenly you can say the financing of doing this shift May not be the technology itself. It might be to be able to actually sell the bandwidth once it's freed up so so it's an interesting Perspective to see how you can look at the business model center and where does the money come from? I'd like to to shift my presentation a little more into technology a little more into automation because What we do in in many of our cases is also to see how can we automate things? How can we make things more? less You know Requiring fewer resources in terms of manual work in in in surveillance And what we have done and what we're working with is a number of different cases. I mean, this is an example where we Failed a simple case. Well a simple but one in an airport where we actually are able to to identify and And and and track what is actually what are we seeing and automating that so we can do that We're doing the same in the naval area Where we now look at different types of classification and here we are folks talk about classification of type What type of object are we seeing but even down to the level of individual? This is a ship. We know we've seen that particular ship for four So if you have a case where you for instance are surveying in a rotten area the more you can take out Of the buries you have to think about if you know, it's a ferry that goes between here and there Well, then you can filter that out You don't need to see that because it's a standard situation and by that actually again using the optimization and and and and and classification to make the operator more efficient and the last part I'm going to go a little more into deep to is Is one of the programs we're working on right now? Which is on the for NATO on the Alliance ground surveillance program where you want to automate the surveillance from radar images If we take a little about what we can do today and if we look at the case surveying overseas We are today able to do a level of the classification Based on the behavioral Thing of the of the radar tracks. So basically we are doing the tracking We can we can detect how things are moving and based up the behavioral of that those tracks We are able to do a level of classification one of things we're doing is with behavioral classification is obviously trying to to to utilize not only Where the track is and and and and also how fast the track moves but also how what are the changes in in you know When it goes from one speed to another speed and what does that mean who can do that? I mean and use that as part of the of the classification the NATO decided some years back to establish a new surveying system based on on global Hawk drones And I have the iron process of a buying five aircraft They'll be used to set up surveillance where NATO decides they want to do that and Our task in doing that is really to to use the radar data from the global Hawks and automate what you actually see and And do an automatic target recognition and classification The images we're getting are a synthetic aperture radar images. So it's not electro optical So you are actually talking about radar images and To be able to do an automation here. You need to to train your algorithms You need to have some reference data. You can use in in in doing the classification Here we have worked closely with the technical University of DTU Who are experts in radar technology and in image processing and we have actually together with them created a an image database of known objects Which we used to train our algorithms and our system on and by that We can have different types of targets in different levels of resolution. So we can put in artificially What we are looking for we're using cat models Of the objects we would like to identify and then we're creating this database of with different levels of resolution And then we're training our algorithms on that on that ground And if we look into the What we are doing is is be able to to categorize and classify things and with this particular case We are down to a probability of of detection of 92, which is pretty good So so we are we should be fairly Secured that what we are seeing would be this this image We're still not working on on live data. We're still working on on on simulated data on on and on our On our artificial database, but the system will go live in in 2018 and then we'll begin to to really train the system with this I put in Into the slides some references you can take a look afterwards and and see some of the articles has been written So that is what I what I had in mind so Back into a few a few headlines I mean as I started saying we are a technology driven Company, you know, even though we are the largest Danish company in defense and space whenever we go outside of the Danish border We are a small company We have to choose our our niches and deciding which fields we are and one of the areas are in the radar But we very encouraged also to move into a new field like like wind energy and windmills We hadn't expected that some years back But but again, you know if you think about What are the issues and can you actually fix it? Do you have to know how the understanding to do that then it's it's quite nice to be able to to do that So that is what I what I had in in in my speech. Thank you. I'm happy to take any question. Yes It's pure software it's pure software based so so the example I gave with the with the AGS program. That's a software So we're getting the data and we're doing ground processing of the data We do a training of the of the network with with the artificial database So we're using the the database to kind of train the algorithms and then as I said, we haven't had live data yet and Obviously when you get the live data, you Will see how good it is But but the idea is not to I mean the idea is really to filter out things, you know The more you can take away and say you don't have to worry about that Here are the three things you need to put your attention to that is really what we try to do is it's really to Realize that you have only so much you can consume So you more you can automate or take away and you can only and you only have to concentrate on the Those things then you can you can be much more efficient