 Felly fel y byddwch, yn y lleidio ar gyfer y cymdeithasol y Cymru yn ymgyrch gyda'r archiogen yw'r amser. Mae hyn yn ei ffordd, ac yn y cyfriffeilio, mae'r cyfarfod, ac yn CBA. Yn y cyfriffeilio, rydyn ni'n gweithio'r gweithio'r regerfoddau. Yn eu gweld hwn y byddwch mewn gweld hwn ffordd ar arenaeth, i ddiolch i'r amser cyfnogau cwelgau cyfion o medlidesgau cyfion Gyda'i cyffredigau cyflodyniadol, abrasion 30,000 i gorydd, a ichi'r ddych yn cael bod fynd i'r sgiliau yn dda, a yn yr ystyried, yn ddigonio'r ddylch, yn ddigonio'r ddylch. Yn ystod, mae hynny'n meddwl yn ymgyrch cywir â'r cyflodyniadau cyffredigau, ..a'r gweld gennym ni i fund yn y deallu... ..a wnaeth i amser wedi di'w ar draws ar Llyfrgell Gaeliad... ..o Llyfrgell Gaeliad, ac yn derbyn o gydagfodd jodd i'r ysgolwch ar gyfer Sgolwyddiad... ..y wych i fynd yn ymgyrchodd. Yno eich ffordd 30,000 bwysig nid i nifer i Llyfrgell Gaeliad... mawr, ac mae'n gweld i'r gwahodd y cofnod oherwydd yn ddechrau ac yn cael sefydlu o'r hollol ac yn cael ddechrau, ond y cyfnod gyda'r hollol, ac mae'n mynd arweinyddol ac mae'n mynd i'r mynd i'r bobl yn cyfrofiadau yma. Ynglyn â'r rhai hyn ychydig, mae'n gwahodd yn cerddio. the third question is before it is done. Why is it so important that you're concerned with having a substantial number of employees in order to achieve anything that's happened? Unconcelment with the fact that I want every actor to be a decent salary? That's my priority. You can't have a exposure. If it's a scale people have been a BANY master and whatever, and they are paid eight times less than the biggers who have nothing. Dwi'n olygu i'n gwneud yma, yma, o'r cyflogau i yma. Mae'r rhain ysgwr, byddwn i'n rhaid i ddod o'r cyflogau. Mae'n cyflogau, o'r cyflogau. Haid i ddim, mae'n cyflogau'n gweld amser, ydych chi'n cael cael ei wneud. Ond mae'r bau'r hyn yn cael ei ddod. Maen nhw, Lord. Rwy'n meddwl i wneud wef, mae'n meddwl ar gweithio gweithio'r ffordd o'r ffordd. Mae'r bwysig yn cyflogau. Ond y gallwch wrth功u'r rhag sound, phen rhydwch i'w rhag ofio gylawn i'r cyfrifiad rhefyd? Y rhag yn eithaf cy widen karenar, yn ymddir cyfreidd iaith cyfrifiad. Y rhaid i'r cyfrifiad o'ol ei gefnod yma ar gyfer ei hyfrifiadau a'r cyfrifiadau ymddir cyfrifiad? Yn yny? Felly, rydym yn oed yn gallu cynnig yw'r amser ymddir cyfrifiadau. Y rhaid i unrhyw ar gyfer yr unrhywbeth, yn y rhaid. Mae'r rhaid i'r gwaith, ond rhaid iddo wedi yma'r hwn. the criteria of money which is worth for this company. This is the moment when you say hold on. So you must increase not only of course the percent of money which is worth the money but all of us, we should get to this entire way and therefore we should charge more to ychwanegwch y dylai nhw'n ei wneud o'r ffordd iawn, rwy'n meddwl, rwy'n meddwl a'r tehlu gwaith am y Cyfrodag豬gwrd. Rwy'n meddwl, gyda Averys alwysyn. Rwy'n meddwl, dyna wneudio ar gyfer Byrtyn o Ffyrtu, yn Yng Nghymru, yn Ynghymru, dwi'n meddwl cymdeithas cyflos iawn. Ac yn Cyfrws, rywbeth, wrth gwrs yn gallu codi ddweud ifuddol o gynharu Cyfrws ynobyn, yn Ymrun cyfrws, byn i'r cyfrws, 144? Yes, it's a comparison of archaeological salaries with average for all professions. So there's a moment to do something about it now? No, last thing, but the point there is that in Cyprus there were 98 paid archaeologists in the whole country and in the UK there were 7,000. And so 7,000 times 78%. In general, in countries where there is commercial archaeology there are a lot more people, a lot more jobs, a lot more people. There's a fishing system there. More efficient systems, completely. There's a fishing system because you don't have the economy scale. That's a matter of the country. That's next year's. Sorry? We won't go into that debate if it's better to have commercial archaeology or a state archaeology. I have that in Germany a lot. So we can discuss about that for very long. Okay, but I think my main point is really, because we have a word like this, is that I think we need to understand the impulse and the interest and the psychological need to do something and to work abroad, et cetera. But let's do it fully aware that there are three good centuries of various types of engagements and that you cannot escape. Even you work with Ibrahim Maciau in Senegal, so Ibrahim is very nice, but you are British, European, white, in Western Africa, black, et cetera. No escaping, okay? So take this into account when you... Barol, thank you. So it's up to you. Stop it working. Good morning, everybody. I guess at this stage it is typical to thank the organisers for inviting me to speak, but as I'm one of the organisers, although not according to the app, that's perhaps superfluous. But I would also like... And this picks up on Nathan's last point, actually, the Heritage Alliance and the British Council for paying for me to be here. Why are they paying for me to be here? Well, Heritage Alliance is paying for me to be here because it's very interested in promoting heritage and heritage practice. It's an English organisation, but it's very interested in English organisations that work overseas as well. And the British Council, why? Because it wants to promote UK values around the world, and it sees heritage and particularly archaeology as a means of doing that. And SEFA has made it very clear to the parent department of this initiative, which is digital, culture, media and sport, that we are very happy to collaborate with Her Majesty's Government on this, but to recognise that we do it for a different reason. If it is mutually helpful for them to fund us and promote a bit of UK values, well, that's fine, but actually our mission is not to promote UK values. Our promotion is to promote good practice in archaeology. And they know that there is a percentage of our membership that is very averse to the idea of promoting UK values and finds that quite offensive. So let's be open about this. I will promote some UK values later on, but that's not the sole purpose here. I think the other thing that I wanted to say by way of interactions, of course, as it seems before, we are divided. I am divided because I have personal views and I have corporate views. And with a careful bit of logo engineering, there is a CFA logo at the top of the page, you may be able to distinguish between the two as I go, and I will try not to get it wrong. This session isn't just about Brexit. This paper is about Brexit. This session is not just about Brexit. It's about borders. Michaela gave us the introduction. There are lots of other countries that are busy building walls at the moment, and generally they are not helping very much. There may have been all right in the north of England. They have done a few centuries back, but they are not helping in the world. I want to emphasise the positive, but we have to deal with some realities. So I am going to talk a little bit about causes, a little bit about professional consequences and reactions, and I hate the fact that the screen doesn't show what is being projected. Talk a little bit about some professional emotional consequences as well, and let's see how united we are. We are all friends here, but we are part of a larger community where there are mixed views, and there are even some progress of archaeologists, apparently. A little bit of causes. It is relatively recently that Great Britain became an island off continental Europe, but it has caused problems, and you will be familiar with this, especially in a popular headline, because I am mean, I haven't spent the money to get the screenshot. The 22nd of October 1957, heavy fog in the channel cuts off the continent. The invention of this concept is 1957. This headline is from 1957. I am from 1957, but I didn't write a headline. There is the problem. Rising sea levels and rising nationalism have only made the problem worse, and possibly a greater amount of fog is building up in the channel as we speak. I don't think we want to spend a lot of time on the causes. We discussed that a lot at previous EAAs, but I think what we need to know is how to cope with the future. There is previous speakers have said that we managed international cooperation quite well before the EU came into power. But what we are dealing with now is change, and change always has to be coped with. But let's remember that there is this uniquely UK, there I say English view of the rest of Europe, whereby anything outside England is different and cut off, and popular press. These kind of attitudes are going on, it did not take the same positive view at the bottom. I don't have the date of this anymore, because I cut it off on my pray, but it's the 1990s, but that's a horrendous attitude that was around in the popular press. But as Nathan was saying, there is history, the Brexit position should not be the same, but there is history. The Brexit position should not be a surprise to us. It includes all of our thinking, so Sefer is now going through another period of strategic planning, and it's so hard to get away from thinking the Brexit analogies. The analogies are everywhere. At a time of change and reform, it's very hard not to look at Brexit. I just want to talk a little bit about change and resistance to change, because I think there are some analogies we can work with. In an organisation like Sefer, you can have wonderful managerial diagrams that are pretty hard to interpret, but in an organisation, particularly in a membership organisation, there will be different appetites for change. Let's take Sefer, for example. If the Sefer board and staff are right at the front of the appetite for change, then we are going to hit, and we recently have hit, a lot of conservative reaction. If we're too far back, we're going to be seen as a long way behind. Two types of leading action members are alienated. We've found that. If you're too close to the trailing edge, you don't achieve anything, so that would be very boring. We don't like that. My feeling is that in a membership organisation, you want about 20% of people to be ahead of you, saying you're slow, they're really impatient radicals, and you want to have about 80% of the people behind you being stuck on Conservatives, and I think in some recent debates we've probably got, and I probably were about that figure, but we needed 75% of people with us. If you're not careful, you get a two-speed professional association, and of course we've had a two-speed Europe. Was it ever love, the British relationship, the UK relationship with the EU? Some people wanted political union, other people wanted free trade, some people were in the relationship for commitment, for others it was transactional. It's like personal relationships. Sometimes there's a mismatch in what people want. Sometimes there's a mismatch in what people want out of the relationship. So I think we just have to bear that in mind that it's possible that Britain is a self-centred middle-aged man with commitment issues, and that's something that we have to live with or live with now. What we want to do is maintain a relationship. We want to work together. Let's not have that kind of relationship breakdown that I alluded to earlier. So there is an opportunity for us to express our love to each other, as colleagues, as friends, as allies. We need to explain that actually the relationship we've had in the past can be coloured differently. We can change. We could try that really un-British thing, listening as well as talking. Actually maybe all of us in this room could learn that lesson. And just generally make an effort, share the washing up. Now, Ken has talked about this a little bit. He's made an effort. Token efforts. Postcards in eight different languages just to explain who we are. That was the immediate reaction in 2016 after that ghastly, though. We had a conference, which many of you spoke of, archaeology is a global profession. Of course. Thank you very much. I'm very fortunate at the invitation of our German archaeological friends, well, actually our German archaeological friends that set up each of us with us. And importantly, the EAA reminded itself that it's an association for European archaeologists, not for EU archaeologists. It could probably stand to remind itself of that again. It is disappointing that the board was unable to provide a speaker for this session. It's disappointing that the board can't provide an audience for this session as well. But obviously we can report back to them what has happened. Back in the UK, we have got some issues. 40% of the UK door derives from the European Union. All of that's going to be carried forward for now because it's impossible to do otherwise. But then I'm sure if we continue with the flavour of government that we have at the moment, things will change. Environmental legislation will change. Common agricultural policy will not apply. It's through the common agricultural policy that most of the protection of the historic environment in rural areas takes place in the UK. So there's a lot of stuff up for grabs, and of course CFA is doing its best with government on that. We are currently going through Parliament, but pro-rogue, a lovely new word that Mark has learned, all bills that are in progress end when Parliament is pro-rogued. So we really don't know what's going to happen at the end of that. And we have an interesting and spirited debate about the freedom of movement and archaeology CFA campaign successful. Of course for the acknowledgement to our colleagues from FAME who assisted us with the statistics for that. The archaeology has been added the recommendation from the Migration Advisory Committee that archaeology is added to the shortage occupation list. What that actually means in real world, we don't know because we don't know what the rules will be, but there is a silver lining from that and it might not be the £30,000, which would have been great silver lining, but the other silver lining is it's a governmental organisation that archaeology is an important skill. That might be the step towards other people recognising, like the employers for example, and paying £30,000 to each and every one of us or more. And so building bridges between UK and other archaeologists, that's a bridge across the border by the way, so it's the last one. Used to be the border anyway, but I'm not sure about which country it's in, but administratively it's in England at the moment, but there's a Tweed and there's a train and there's a CFA campaign. Did you know there was a CFA campaign going? Well, it's kind of busy-eat. It's right here right now. The question we want to know, and I hope that the discussions will help us with it, how are we going to get this better integration of research, of learning, of practice? We are going to have potentially new approaches to the environment and agriculture as I mentioned. What can we learn in the management of these issues in the UK from our friends elsewhere? There must be stuff to learn. There will be, at that point, a more even, I didn't use the word there, a more even sharing of research funding if UK universities get their hands out of the pot. Now that's a real problem for the UK universities, and it's a real problem for our community generally, but an evening out is almost certainly necessary. And why don't we forget about UK soft power and work on European soft power? And then, of course, the other thing we need to do is explain to the people who see Fogg in the channel and the sign of the series Eating Bottom the multicultural shared history of the UK and we're not getting anywhere with that at the moment. I don't think, well, it's a daily mail. I don't read the daily mail, but I don't think the daily mail is getting it. Bridget across the tweed. I think we can observe the constitutional crisis because that's quite an interesting archaeological profession and activity. And I think we can observe that, you know, it's not just the problems we're having at the moment, not just caused by evil people taking back control from democratic institutions and have to distance myself from my institution now. Some of it is about good people failing and safeguards failing. One of the things we have in the UK, is things built into our unwritten constitution. Maybe it's about time it was written, folks. Well, there's eight words of it, but we need a bit more. The safeguard against bad government is a strong and effective opposition. They're not there. The Westminster system, in my view, is just not designed. It is designed to deal with wickedness and evil and un-democratic, deliberately un-democratic activities, but it's just not able to deal with idleness, incompetence. Divisions within parties is built on a party system and when the party system breaks down, it doesn't work. And it's not built to deal with a lack of imagination. And there are lessons that could be learned from history. There are lessons that Westminster needs to learn from other countries. And then, yeah, back to... I made this point in my introduction. I'm not here as an agent of UK soft power, but I'm very happy to promote these UK values, which may look a little unfamiliar to you at the moment. Peace and stability, remember that? Democracy. Strong and stable. Strong and stable, that's it. Tolerance and respect, freedom of expression, rule-based systems. These UK values, you can't judge a country by its government. I think we can see that around the world. I will say nothing about the electorate of 96,000 people. And I think it shows us, doesn't it? I think we're learning that democratic institutions and tolerance values are very, very vulnerable. And really, what do I want to say? I want to say, look after these exports. I mean, these are values that are traditionally strong in the UK. They're not very strong in the rhetoric now. But their values are not uniquely in the UK, of course they're not. I think we need to hand this over to other countries now to look after and nurture in our absence. And hopefully, they'll still be there when we come back. It's also incredibly important to protect the EU. And I'm saying this now as a Brit, so I should have dropped... The Union Union Union European Union? In this case, I'm talking about the European Union Union. We could have the other conversation some other time. But I should have taken the logo off at this point. But I think at this stage, the UK government is negotiating hard with the EU to get things changed. And I think that needs to be res... Well, or it's only wishes to have... It wants a lot of favours. You've got to look after the European Union. That's more important than looking after the UK. And I think we need to look after now the European countries that have more to offer than the UK. Enough of that. Professional responses. What can we do? This is what we want to have a discussion about now. What can we do? How can we help each other? How can we reduce those administrative barriers that will exist? Of course, it's the mental barriers, the real ones, but the administrative barriers are gritting the machinery that would be nice to flush out. Do you remember doing that, Mitty Carr? There's all the other non-Brexit-related barriers to transnational movements, which we talked about at the session when we were in Maastricht. We were building British again. Let's work with the UK shortage occupation list and see what we can do with that to promote more movement in and out of the UK, but this is not just what this is about. And then there's the emotional responses. We need to just look after each other and overcome the failed politics. It's not a done deal. It's not a done no deal. So I think those are the questions that I'm putting to you, dear colleagues, dear friends. These are the questions I have. There may be others, but dear colleagues, how are we, as European archaeologists, going to continue to collaborate, overcome the problems that are caused by a temporary political crisis in one country and overcome the problems that are much more long-standing that make us fearful of moving across barriers, but also, as I said, make us sometimes very arrogant and destructive when we do move across those barriers. Thank you very much.