 فشرف بالشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيم الحمد لله رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن والثناء الجميل واشدوا الله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول الحق وهو يهد السبيل واشدوا أن سيدنا ولبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله واصحابه والتابعين لهم بيحسان الى يوم الدين أما بعد هذا هو الثلاثة داية من دورة التي نسمى ببطل العلم تقديم العلم نحن قبل نعمل أخرى نبدأ أولا من هذه الكتاب ونخلص أولا من التي كانت تعريف الكلام وبيانه أقسامه وعلامة كولو قسمي لذلك نتحدث عن المتحدة نحن نتحدث عن المتحدة المتحدة ومدينة لها نحن now got eight different chapters to go through eight so what our plan is these eight chapters that remains today we're going to take four of them and then tomorrow we're going to take the last four بإذن الله الكريب so today inshallah we're going to have to take بابو بابو الإعراب the second inshallah that we're going to take is بابو معرفة علامات الإعراب the fourth بابو الأفعال the fourth meaning of with kanab added onto it so it's all nine together and بابو مرفوعات الأسماء today we're going to do those four inshallah which is بابو الإعراب بابو معرفة علامات الإعراب the third one we're going to be doing inshallah is بابو الأفعال and the fourth is بابو مرفوعات الأسماء and then we have four more remaining inshallah which is then going to be بابو منصوبات الأسماء بابو مخفوضات الأسماء and then we'll do the fourth and last but not least we'll do معرفة النكرة which is the four that we're going to be doing so today I think it's going to be very very solid inshallah I will simplify it but I want students to focus with me I'll be speaking a bit faster and as you can all see my voice has come back الحمد لله we have till one o'clock today so every minute counts some the author started بابو الإعراب by defining what إعراب means that's how he started it إعراب ليوستيكلي means or lexically it means it is to make something apparent and it's to clarify something that's what the Arabs they say أعراب تعم في نفسي I made apparent what was inside me I bought it out okay that's what in the lexical meaning or that's what it means in its linguistic usage but according to the grammarians what they see إعراب as is هو تغيير أواحي اللكلمي لخكلاف العامل الداخلة عليها لفضل أو تقديرها they see it as تغيير changing that occurs to the last part of the wording and why does it لخكلاف العامل the agents and the factors in which it enters onto are causing it to change and the way that the changing occurs is in two ways as the author mentions لفضل أو تقديرها لفضل أو تقديرها it changes explicitly and it also changes implicitly so it's explicit and it's implicit explicit means it's clear you can see the changing it also changes تقديرها which is implicit so let me give you an example we take the example let's take the word زيد let's focus on the word زيد the name زيد we say جاعة زيد so you say جاعة زيد زيد here is what it's مرفوع I will talk about what مرفوع means then you say رأيت زيدن رأيت زيدن now زيدن has now become ممصوب and then you say مرارت بزيدن زيد has now become مجرور زيد has changed in all of the three different sentences I gave you and the changing is explicit in the sense you can all see it it's لفضل you can see جاعة زيدن you can see the changing my mouth is closing and it's becoming like that رأيت زيدن my mouth is becoming مرارت بزيدن and it's becoming دين all three times the changing is explicit ضاعة you can see it okay brothers let's change زيد to موسى جاعة موسى رأيت موسى مرارت بموسى موسى has changed but it's the changing explicit can you see it? it's implicit it's an implicit changing it's a changing that is not apparent so that's what the author means why has it changed so we know now how it changes or how the changing occurs but why is it changing each time اختلاف العوامل the agents and the factors that are causing it to change are different or it's in different context and due to different context that it's in is changing this first time I said جاعة زيدن زيد here is a subject رأيت زيدن زيد here is an object مرارت بزيدن زيد here has fallen after the حرف جرب which is bad each time the things that are causing it to change are different that's what the author means and where is it changing from it is changing from me ending so عرب observes how many things brothers pay attention write this down it's important عرب is about changing it's about what? changing brothers pay attention here عرب is about what? changing one the second point is about it's where does the changing happen and it happens at the ending of the word so the changing occurs at the ending of the word that's the second point this is نحو it's not about the middle changing and it's not about the front changing it's about the what? the ending changing the third one is factors are different اختلاف العوامل are factors that are causing it to change are differing so there are عوامل عامل are agents agents are causing it to change that's the third point fourth one is how it changes and that is او تقديرا explicitly or implicitly اعرب are those four points that you need to keep in mind have you guys all understood what اعرب means I'm now going to move on to a very important point that I mentioned yesterday before we go to بابو معرفة العلامة العراب before we go into it we need to talk about this point which is very very important when I categorized yesterday the noun and when I also categorized the verb and I categorized the particle the half so I divided the S matter to 2 and I also divided the verbs into 2 and I also divided the what the half into 2 right each one to sorry 3 3 it's early morning 3 sorry I divide each one into 3 right اسماء are 3 افعان are 3 حروف are 3 they are all what 3 so let's look at how much should we categorize the noun into مظهر مجمر مبهم the أفعال we divided into 3 ماذي مضارع أمر the حروف we divided into 3 مشتركوا بين الأسماء والأفعال مختصم بالأسماء المختصم بالأفعال اعراب حرف لا مجال له it has no place we don't talk about it you will never see in chapters of Arabic حروف are maybe they are not in Arabic so they are not spoken about we are left with now what اسماء and what افعال we are left with اسماء and افعال we are left with the nouns and we are now left with the verbs okay pay attention here this اسماء let's repeat it one more time how many times were they مضهر مضمر مبهم right the last two which is مضمر and مبهم so the مضمر are the three types of بامائر which is المتكلم المخاطب and الغائب it doesn't enter the chapter of Arabic all of them so مضمر eliminated you will never talk about مائر because it's مبلي okay what about مبهم مبهم we said it's two things اسماء and مصولة they both eliminate they have no place in Arabic so from the اسماء they've only taken what the first one which is مضهر six come out from that the مضهر it gave birth to six from its womb came out six the six are اسم مفرد مثنة three times of جمع جمع ذكر سالب جمع النث سالب جمع التكسير and اسماء الخمسة one more time اسم مفرد sing it now the order I'm doing it is what allows me to remember it easily I'm going from smallest to the highest and at the end I'm always just keeping the order so move on this one if you go up what was next with them now and we go up what is it and I know جمع is already three جمع are three times always start with مذكر السالب I'm only joking جمع النث سالب جمع النث سالب جمع ذكر السالب جمع التكسير are the three times so how many times I have told you don't worry we're going to come to each one with them I see each one don't worry don't be too concerned here right now are you with me brothers and the sixth one is اسماء الخمسة those six come out from the womb of what اسم مهار now let's go to the أفعال now are you with me brothers brothers let's go to the أفعال the أفعال how many times do we say they were مضارع and أمر the مضارع put that on hold for us ماذي is always مبلي أمر always مبلي the مضارع is معرم majority of the times only twice does it become مبلي إذا التحاق به نولو النسوة أو نولو توكيد إذا فعل مضارع نولو توكيد أو نولو النسوة يبدو مبلي other than that it's معرم so which one what have we taken from the فعل مضارع so which one let me rephrase that question what have we taken from the أفعال only the مضارع so the مضارع and the اسماء we only took 4.1 مضارع so we took only one from each now فعل المضارع gave birth to two are you with me gave birth to two the first one that came out of it is الفعل المضارع الذي لم يتصل في آخره شيء it's the فعل مضارع that nothing connects to the ending of it and the second one is أفعال الخمسة is what they call it is it correct to call it أفعال الخمسة it's better to call it there's a reason why we're not going to speak about it here leave it for أفعال الخمسة how much do we have in total now the sixth I mentioned before and how much 2 more how much is total we have those 8 those 8 are what إعراب is done on simple right what's the signs of إعراب how much signs of إعراب are there 4 you just need to know when they're going to those 4 places in each one how do I deal with it that's the crust of إعراب and to my are you with me brothers when we look at the 4 we've got this is the order of أجرمية right I'm a half though he calls it and then the last one is what جزء 4 right remember the first 2 the أسماء and the أفعال share together so full 8 will go into each one but when you come to أجرم that's specific for the noun so the only 6 are going to enter here and the last one is what جزء it's more coming to a جزء so get rid of the 6 you're only going to start thinking about the 2 that's the now what we're going to go into details I'm now just giving you overview so you might have gone over your head now we're going to details are you with me brothers that information I gave you is what's going to take us another hour and a half to explain that 5-10 minutes information is going to be an hour or even hour and a half or even more to go through each point regarding it now but that's the خلاص it's the summary of it are you 4 the author now goes into أقسام some scholars would call it and why which one is correct should we call it أقسام or should we call it now we'll speak about that in أجرمية when he's told it correct him and discussion and dialogue of warnings we'll leave that to أقسام العراب he called it the أقسام العراب are 2 times what he said are only 2 times he categorized into 4 but we can't actually categorize into what into 2 pay attention the first one is مشترك بين الأسماء والافعال shared between nouns and verbs signs that are shared between nouns and verbs are you with me brothers signs that are shared between nouns and verbs and those are 2 that the author mentioned what are they رفعو ونصبو رفع ونصب are shared between the nouns and the verb the second that the author mentioned is مختص مختص means specific and he mentioned 2 of that what is it specific to the nouns and specific to the verbs what is specific to the nouns الخفضون what's specific to the verbs brothers ألجزن we finish that from point هي the author now goes into the signs of رفع we've just now got to know we learnt right now the definition of عرب are you with me brothers and how it shows we also learnt that changing happens we spoke about the issue of how the changing happens we've also spoken about there is something called عرب and there is something called بلا we spoke about that we also spoke about the types of عرب there is we also spoke about that which is specific to nouns and that which is specific to verbs and that which is also shared between them in terms of signs are you with me we're now going to go into the first of the 4 sides that the author mentioned and the order is as follows we're going to do those 4 signs the author starts with رفع that the author says علامات الرفع are the signs of رفع so how many signs does عرب have for what's the first one are roughly when now I'm going to discuss it roughly we've finished that we're going to go to the second one we're going to finish that one we're going to go to the third one which is we've finished that one and then we're going to go to what الجزن are we going to finish that and then we have finished معرفة علامات العرب that's it and that can be called the backbone of grammar okay that is what you need to really understand it's the trickiest it is the most needed it's the most serious part of it the author says so we can divide the رفع into 2 categorize the رفع into how much we'll divide it into 2 the first one is علامة which is أصلية an original an original علامة an original sign and always remember until I tell you that it's not the case but by default position you always need to remember the علامة which is أصلية is always going to be a حركة okay it can never be حركة unless I tell you something else in a particular place okay if I say this time it's not then it's not which is going to happen we're going to see سوى إن شاء الله but the عصم the default position is that whenever I say to you this is the original sign it means no one can ask you why it's this time so if we see something which is مرفوغ بالضبنة no one can ask you لماذا are you with me but if something is مرفوغ بالألفي I can say to you لماذا because the ألفي is not lace على الاصل and anything that leaves is default position and it leaves the original position we have rights to ask you why صاحبا هذا that's why you always find مرفوغ بالألفي لأنه صح there has to be تعليق reasoning behind it but when it is مرفوغ بالضبنة when it's مرفوغ بالضبنة you don't need to explain yourself you are upon the original position so the author رحمه الله remember we are dealing with what the eighth that I mentioned so we are just going to divide those eight in the rough four signs that the author is now giving us does that make sense the first one is so from the eighth that you mentioned before which is اسم المفرد مثنة جمع المذكر السلام جمع المذكر السلام جمع المذكر السلام جمع التنسير على اسماء الخامسة على فعيل المضالع التي لم يتصل بأخيره شيء خيل المضالع التي لم يتصل بأخيره شيء and أفعار الخامسة from the eighth that you mentioned which one of those enter into the ضمّة it's the initial position how much enter into it for enter into it for our enters into مرفوغ بالضمّة but the original version for enter it was the first one اسم مفرد جمع التنسير جمع المؤنة السالب ألف عنو المضالع التي لم يتصل بأخيره شيء those four are what enter into ضمّة from the eighth that I mentioned four enter into ضمّة the first one is the singular noun singular noun enters into the ضمّة جمع التنسير which is the broken each one we can study don't worry what are they we'll take them word for word as soon as the author mentions them and you don't need to if you've got the method with you it's right in front of you I'm just organizing for you so in the ضمّة how much enter that four اسم مفرد جمع التنسير جمع المؤنة السالب ألف عنو المضالع التي لم يتصل بأخيره شيء they all enter أنّ الرفع at which under it is the ضمّة okay then the author mentioned the second one which is what الواو والألف والنون الواو and an elf and none all of them are فرعية all of them they are full under the heading of الفرعية so we've divided the rough into two أصري فرعي أصري means what original فرعي means some branch so أصري means the root and then فرعي means some branch under the فرعي the other three that the author mentioned which is الواو والألف والنون they are all فرعي وفوز أن ألف المثنة وفوز أن الواو جمع المذكر سالب ويسمع الخمسة وفوز أن النون فعلوا فعلوا الخمسة and the author mentioned all of them for you it in the book okay now the author is going to mention them now the author is going to mention them so you just need to organize them تقمم الضمة تقوموا على مثل رقص يطلع وعطي نواجر فلسموا so the author what did he say in the dhamma how many things are going to enter in the dhamma four and I already told you in the four words just underline them اسم مفرد وجمع التكسير وجمع نتكسير وجمع نتكسير وجمع نتكسير وجمع نتكسير وجمع نتكسير وجمع نتكسير وجمع نتكسير وجمع نتكسير these are the four that the author mentioned so let's stand over for each one now you guys need to know the eights okay four are mentioned here and the other four are in the what فرع four are in the أصل and four are in the فرع the فرع will be divided into what three الالف والواو والنون الالف is مثلنا وواو is two which is what تبعوا بالكريسان and اسمع الخمسة and the noon is what افععوا الخمسة the author is going to mention each of the four pay attention now what is in the front we need to know it so the next time we see it we know it properly اسموفرد is a singular now definition wise it's known as ماليس مثلن ولا مجموعا ولا ملحقا بهنا it is anything that's not dual and it is also anything that is not plural and it is also anything that is not given the ruling of any of them there are words that are literally not dual nor are they plural but they are giving the ruling of a dual or the ruling of a plural what are those we're going to come to them إن شاء الله تعالى are you with me it's basically where does the مثلنة come from مثلنة always stems from a singular we'll see that soon إن شاء الله are you with me زيد زيد زيد you say right are you with me brothers are we together زيد and زيد what do they make say that in Arabic two zeds it's two zeds it's two zeds that came together that made صاحب الله this are you with me that's a مثلنة that's a dual okay the thing that is here now is if we find a word that's just dual has never come from two singular this is called ملحق من مثلنة it's found to just be like this are you with me does that make sense we'll see examples of that بإذن الله نكريم so جاء محمد محمد كيم والفتاة and the boy king محمد هي أسوات جاء أسفلو ماضي مبنين على الفتاة محاللة من الأراب جاء that's what it is محمد is فعيل جاء مرفوع وعلا مترافع ضمط ضائرة وعلا خلي والفتا مع طوفل على محمد ها so what does it become مرفوع وعلا مترافع it is what ضمة because it's about a tooth it's connecting it's connected from the توابع pay attention here what concerns us here is that محمد is what محمد is a singular noun فتا is also a singular noun we don't need to go into the technical terms that you're saying right now we just need to know that محمد is what is a singular noun فتا is also a singular noun خلاص are you with me is this خلاص is a card show we told that we told it before مقدم ملعب من ظهورها تعددور that's what it is the second one is جمع التكسير the author mentions it here جمع التكسير is it came from a singular it came from a singular it turned into a plural okay it turned into a plural are you with me brothers this plural though is broken it broke how it was in its in its form it broke now for example حاكم حاكم it's حا ألف كاف مب حاكم صح make a plural حك what happened in the beginning what happened to the first حاكم it was حاكم you turned it to what did you just do you changed it you changed the حاكم حاكم when it was singular what was it حاكم now you turned it to حاكم so you say okay what was after the حاكم when it was singular حاكم ألف right when you made a plural what was after the ألف what was after the حاكم حاكم what came after it حاكم so in the singular ألف came after the حاكم in the plural حاكم came after the حاكم are you with me brothers so the word is getting broken up it's not coming saved and protected it's actually getting changed and distorted that's what's called broken the word is broken up it breaks in six different ways there are six different ways that the changing of the مفرد of the general taxis happens the first one is بشكل حاكم