 A very good evening aspirants, I welcome you all to the Hindu Daily News Analysis brought to you by Shankar Ayes Academy. Today I am going to cover important news articles from the Hindu newspaper dated 27th of July 2023. It is displayed here are the rest of the news articles that we will be discussing today. At the end of the video, we will also have prelims practice question discussions. So try to watch the entire video and a kind request to you all, those who haven't it, subscribe to our YouTube channel, do subscribe and hit the bell icon button so that you will get regular notifications about our current affairs videos. Now let's get into our first news article discussion. Take a look at this news article, the news is that yesterday the Lokshaba speaker Mr. Om Brilla accepted a no confidence motion filed against Narendra Modi government by Assam Congress MP Gaurav Gogai. The Lokshaba speaker said that the motion will be discussed within 10 days. See this is the 28th no conference motion in history of independent India. And note that the first ever no conference motion was moved in 1963. And this is all about the news. Now in this discussion, we will see about no conference motion, then how it is passed and finally we will see about what are the implications of no confidence motion. First of all, what is a no conference motion? See a government needs majority support in the Lokshaba to function. According to article 75 of the Indian constitution, the council of ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Lokshaba. So the political party can remain in power until it proves the majority in Lokshaba. See to prove the majority, a floor test is taken in the Lokshaba. The floor test would help us to know whether the executive enjoys the conference of legislature or not. Okay, now who can move a no conference motion? See if any member of the house feels that the government in power does not have a majority, then he or she can move a no conference motion. If the motion is accepted, then the party in power has to prove its majority in the house. And note that the member need not give a reason for moving the no conference motion. See the no conference motion cannot be moved in the Rajshaba. Since the council of ministers are responsible only to the Lokshaba, no conference motion can be moved only in the Lokshaba. And note that the no conference motion can be moved by any member of the Lokshaba if he has support of 50 members from his house. And it can be moved against the entire council of ministers only. And note here the first no conference motion against the Modi government was moved in 2018. Okay, now coming to the procedure for no conference motion. See the rule 198 of the rules of procedure and conduct of Lokshaba specifies the procedure for moving a no conference motion. According to the rules of procedure, the member has to give a written notice of the motion which will be read out by the speaker in the house. And note that a minimum of 50 members have to accept the motion and accordingly the speaker will announce the date for discussion for the motion. See the allotted date has to be within 10 days from the day when the motion is accepted. Otherwise the motion fails and the member who moved the motion will be informed about the failure. Okay, now what is the implication of the no conference motion? See if the no conference motion is passed in the Lokshaba, the council of ministers must resign from the office. In other words, the Lokshaba can remove the ministry from office by passing a no conference motion. See conventionally the Attorney General of India resigns when the council of ministers resigns or is replaced. This is because of the fact that the Attorney General is appointed on the advice of council of ministers with prime minister as head. But it is not as per the constitution. As per the constitution, the Attorney General holds office during the pleasure of the president. This means that the Attorney General can be removed by the president at any time. To sum it up, a no conference motion can be moved in the Lokshaba only and it can be moved by any member of the Lokshaba if he has support of 50 members from the Lokshaba. And it can be moved against the entire council of ministers. And if the no conference motion passed in the Lokshaba, the council of ministers must resign from the office. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion we saw about no conference motion in detail. This will be very helpful for your prelims exam. So make note of each and every points that we discussed. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Take a look at this editorial article. This article tries to highlight the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization, that is the SEO. It talks about the role that SEO can play in ensuring a multilateral global order. Now in this context, in our discussion today, we will first cover the basics about Shanghai Cooperation Organization and then we will see the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Now before getting into discussion, I have highlighted the syllabus regarding this discussion. You can pause the video and go through it. Now let us start with Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The SEO is a permanent intergovernmental international organization. It came into force on 19th September 2003. Before the SEO came into existence, there was the Shanghai Five Mechanism. Now let us see the goals of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Firstly, SEO works to strengthen mutual trust and neighborliness among the member states. Secondly, the SEO aims to promote effective coordination in politics, trade, economy, research, technology, culture, and so on. Thirdly, the SEO aims to make joint efforts to maintain and ensure peace, security, and stability in the region. And finally, the SEO moves towards the establishment of a democratic, fair, and rational, new international, political, and economic order. These are the main goals of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Now let us see the composition of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The SEO comprises nine member states. Who are they? China, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Okay. See, India and Pakistan became permanent members only in 2017. Also note that Iran became the newest member of Shanghai Cooperation Organization and joined at the virtual summit held by India on July 4. And note that Afghanistan, Belarus, and Mongolia are the observer states in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Okay. Now let us see about the structure of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. See the heads of state council is the supreme decision-making body of the SEO. It meets once a year and adopts decision in important matters. Note that this year's heads of state council meeting was hosted by India. And India conducted the meeting virtually. Okay. Then there is another body called SEO heads of government council. This council also meets once a year. This is to discuss the organization's multilateral cooperation strategy and priority areas to resolve current important economic and other cooperation issues. This body only approves the organization's annual budget. Okay. Apart from these two councils, the organization also has two permanent bodies. One is the SEO secretariat based in Beijing and the second one is executive committee of the regional anti-terrorist structure that is the rats which is based in Tashkent. Okay. These are the basic information about Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Now moving on to see about the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The first significance is regional cooperation. See the world right now is grappling with various geopolitical tensions. To reduce these geopolitical tensions, the world needs more cooperation and not confrontation. Here comes Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization fosters cooperation and communication between its member countries in the areas of security, economy, trade, culture and more. For example, let us take the issue of cross-border drug trafficking in the SEO member nations originating from Central Asia. See to resolve an issue like this, cooperation among various countries required. The SEO has provided a platform for member states to cooperate on these kinds of issues. And this has helped to reduce the threat of drug trafficking in the region. In the second significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization is regard to counter-terrorism and security. While covering the basis, I mentioned about the regional anti-terrorist structure that is the rats right. See the main goal of SEO rats is to facilitate cooperation between SEO member states in the fight against terrorism, separatism and extremism. Overall, SEO rats helps to fight against terrorism by coordinating with each other. See SEO rats has a number of functions including sharing information and intelligence, then training and capacity building, then coordinating law enforcement operations and developing legal and policy frameworks among the SEO member nations. Through this, the SEO rats has been playing a significant role in reducing the threat of terrorism in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization region. Then the third significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization is economic development. See, due to a volatile geopolitical scenario, certain countries have started weaponizing trade. There is a rise in instance of protectionism, unilateral sanctions and decoupling of trade. In such volatile scenario, the SEO has been a calming presence. The SEO promotes economic cooperation and trade among its member nations. It seeks to enhance connectivity, then facilitate cross-border trade and it encourage investments to boost economic growth and prosperity in the region. In addition to this, there is potential for more cooperation between nations. For example, the editorial mentions two things. One is settling trade using local currency to reduce dollar dependence and the next one is establishment of the SEO Development Bank to aid the growth of member nations. Overall, the SEO promotes economic development among the member nations. Then the fourth significance is that SEO aids in cultural and people-to-people exchanges. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization supports cultural and educational exchanges between member countries. This is by promoting mutual understanding and respect for each other's tradition and values. For example, in April 2023, the SEO countries' Culture Ministers held their 20th meeting online. In this meeting, the ministers spoke about the importance of cultural exchange for promoting inter-civilizational dialogue among the SEO nations. Apart from this, the ministers also emphasized the importance of preserving tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the SEO member states. In addition to this, Varanasi was declared as the first tourism and cultural capital of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This is all about the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization in cultural and people-to-people exchanges. And the last important significance is the role played by Shanghai Cooperation Organization in diplomacy and conflict resolution. The SEO provides a platform for member countries to engage in diplomatic dialogues and to resolve disputes peacefully through negotiations. For example, in 2020, when there was a conflict along the line of actual control between India and China, there was a SEO meeting in Moscow. The meeting provided an avenue for officials from India and China to discuss conflict resolution. Following the meeting, both countries issued a joint statement stating that both sides shall abide by the existing agreements and protocol on bilateral boundary affairs and they will also maintain peace and tranquility in the border areas and avoid any action that could escalate matters. Like this, there are many examples of Shanghai Cooperation Organization that plays the arena for diplomacy and conflict resolution. Okay? And these are some of the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we revised the basics about Shanghai Cooperation Organization and we'll also discuss in detail about the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization with some examples. This topic is very much important for your both problems and needs. So make note of each and every points that we discussed. Now, with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Take a look at this news article. Yesterday was the international day for the conservation of mangrove ecosystem. So, to celebrate the occasion, West Bengal, which is home to about 40% of mangrove forests in India, have announced the setting up of a mangrove cell in the West Bengal state. The mangrove cell will generate funds from private and international sectors. Apart from this, it will bring continuity to the efforts of state government in the mangrove management. The mangrove cell has an action plan for the plantation of mangroves. The cell will also look at maintenance and it will also coordinate with non-governmental organizations. Okay? This is all about the news article given here. Now, in this context, let us quickly go through some points about mangroves, their distribution, its importance and threats. Now, before getting into discussion, the syllabus relevant to this topic is given here. You can go through it. Now, let us start with some basics about mangroves. Mangroves cannot withstand freezing temperatures. So, they mainly occur in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. That is between latitude 24 degree north and 38 degree south. Within the tropical and subtropical region, the mangroves mainly occur in intertidal zones. Here, intertidal zone is the area where the ocean meets the land between high and low tides. See, these intertidal zones are marshy in condition. The other conditions in the intertidal zone include lack of oxygen, high salinity and diurnal tidal indentation. See, these conditions are not ideal for normal plants to grow. But the mangroves thrive in such conditions. How? This is because the mangroves exhibit various morphological and physiological evolutionary adaptations to survive in harsh conditions. For example, as I already said, the mangroves are salt-tolerant plant communities. That is, they are helipads. Apart from this, the mangrove trees can grow to a height of about 8 to 20 meters height. And they also have thick leaves. Apart from this, the mangroves have blind roots which are called nematophores. These roots help mangrove trees to respire in anaerobic soils. Apart from this, the seeds of mangrove trees germinate in the trees itself before falling onto the ground. And this is called VP parry mode of reproduction. Because of all these factors, the mangroves can be able to thrive in harsh conditions in the intertidal zones. Okay, now moving on to see about the importance of mangroves. See, mangroves are known for their impenetrable mace of woody vegetation. That is, the mangroves usually grown close to each other. Because of this fact, the mangroves help to cushion the blow of cyclones. See, during cyclone times, the mangroves help to reduce the speed of wind by acting as a cushion. Then the mangroves have connected root system. And this helps in controlling coastal erosion. Then mangroves provide, hybrid for a large number of birds, fish, invertebrates, mammals and plants. By doing this, they help in conserving biodiversity. Most importantly, the mangroves play a major role in combating climate change. According to the state of mangroves 2022 report, the mangroves hold up to four times the amount of carbon as some other ecosystems of similar size. That is, the mangroves capture four times the amount of carbon as compared with some other ecosystems of similar size. So these are the significance of mangroves. See, four major factors appear to limit the distribution of mangroves, which includes climate, salt water, tidal fluctuation and soil type. Now coming to the distribution, India has about 4,992 square kilometers of mangroves according to the Indian state of forest report 2021. Mangroves in India are distributed across nine states and three union territories. And note that West Bengal has the highest mangrove cover in India. Now look at the table here. This table is taken from the India state of forest report. And this shows the distribution of mangroves in India. As you can see from this table, compared to 2019 survey, there has been increase of 17 square kilometers of mangrove cover in India. This is positive news, but still the mangroves are facing various threats. Now let us see the threats one by one. The first threat is recombination of mangrove land for agriculture. See, most of the mangrove land are diverted for agriculture. So this is the major threat. And the second threat is the presence of aquaculture or fisheries in the coastal areas. See, these factors obstruct the tidal flow and the flow of sediments into the mangrove land. And thirdly, the mangroves are cut down for timber, fodder and fuel wood. This also threatens the mangrove ecosystem. And the last major threat is the increase in industrial activities along the coast and the discharge of untreated waste in mangrove areas. These factors also limit the growth of mangroves, okay? These are the major threats faced by mangrove ecosystem. See, to address these threats and to increase the mangrove cover, our government has taken many steps. Let us go through the steps one by one. The recent one is the mangrove initiative for shoreline habitats and tangible incomes, which is in short called Vishti scheme. Under the scheme, mangrove plantations will be taken up in coastal areas and in salt pans. The plantation drive will be carried out through a convergence between MG Narega scheme and the Kampa fund. See, once implemented, this scheme will help to increase the mangrove cover forest in India. Then the second step is dedicated central sector scheme called the National Coastal Mission Program on conservation and management of mangroves and coral reefs. Under this program, annual management action plan for conservation and management of mangroves are formulated and implemented in all the coastal states and union territories. Apart from these schemes, various regulatory measures are implemented through various action rules. It includes coastal regulation zone notification 2019 under the Environment Production Act 1986, then the Wildlife Protection Act 1972, the Indian Forest Act 1927, the Biological Diversity Act 2002. And note that rules under these acts are amended from time to time. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about mangroves, then about the distribution of mangroves. Then you moved on to see about the importance of mangroves. Then you saw about the threats faced by the mangroves. And finally, we saw some points about the steps taken by the government to eliminate the threats and to increase the mangrove cover in our country. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Take a look at this news article. The news is that Bengaluru city has become the first Indian city to be part of the World Cities Culture Forum. That is WCCF. And this is all about the news. This discussion will see some points about World Cities Culture Forum. See the World Cities Culture Forum, which is in short called as WCCF is a global network of cities. It was founded in 2012 by Justin Simons, who was the London's deputy mayor for culture at that time. The main idea behind the creation of World Cities Culture Forum is that it is to share research and intelligence among the various city administrations. Apart from this, the forum will also help to explore the role of culture in future prosperity of cities. Note that the World Cities Culture Forum currently consists of 40 cities spanning across six continents. See cities like New York, London, Paris, Tokyo and Dubai are part of World Cities Culture Forum. See recently, Bengaluru has been added to this prestigious list of cities. And note that Bengaluru is the only Indian city to be included in the World Cities Culture Forum. Now talking about the working of the forum, see under this forum, World Cities Culture Summit is also conducted every year. The summit is hosted on a rotating basis by member cities. During the summit, the city leaders can share ideas and knowledge about the role of culture in creating sustainable cities. Basically, the World Cities Culture Summit would be attended by deputy mayors for culture and heads of culture from the member cities. The summit provides an opportunity for the leaders across the world to share their best practices in preserving the cultural elements of city. And note an additional fact here. The World Cities Culture Forum releases World Cities Cultural Report. It is released once in every three years. The report provides data and details on innovative projects from cities across the world. Okay. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about World Cities Culture Forum. Then we saw about the working of World Cities Culture Forum. And finally, we saw some points about World Cities Cultural Report. See this topic is very much important for your prelims exam. So make note of each and every points that we discussed. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now take a look at this front page article. Yesterday, the registration of births and deaths. Ammanman Bill 2023 was tabled in the Lokshaba. The main objective of this bill is to ensure that there is a single document to prove date and place of birth. And this is all about the news article given here. In our discussion today, let us see few provisions of the bill. The registration of births and deaths. Ammanman Bill 2023 seeks to amend the Registration of Births and Deaths Act 1969. Note that the 1969 act was enacted to regulate the registration of births and deaths in India. Now let us see the important provisions of the Ammanman Bill. The first important provision is regarding the Registered General of India. See the 1969 act provides for the appointment of Registered General of India. The important function of the Registered General of India was to issue general directions for registration of births and deaths. The Ammanman Bill expands the role of Registered General of India further. According to the Ammanman Bill, the Registered General of India will have to maintain a national database of registered births and deaths. Okay, this is the first change. Then the second provision is regarding Registration of Birth and Death. The 1969 act specifies certain persons to report births and deaths to the Registrar. For example, a medical officer in charge of a hospital where the baby is born or jailer when the birth takes place in a jail. See, they have to inform about births and deaths to the Registrar. The Ammanman Bill adds a provision here. According to the Ammanman Bill, in case of births, the specified persons shall also provide the other number of the parents if available. Okay, this is the second major change. The third one is regarding connecting databases. As we already saw, the Ammanman Bill mandates Registrar General of India to maintain a national database. And this national database may be available to other authorities who are preparing or maintaining other databases like population register, electoral roles, registration card, and so on. But note that the sharing of national database maintained by the Registrar General of India should be approved by the central government. Okay, this is the third change. Then the fourth change is regarding the use of birth certificates. See, for people who are born after the bill becomes into act, it is mandatory that they must use only the birth certificates to prove their date and place of birth. For example, currently we are using the 10th worksheet as a proof for date of birth right. So people who are born after the bill becomes an act, they must only use the birth certificate to prove their date and place of birth. Okay, this is the fourth major change. The next important provision is regarding death certificates. According to the Ammanman Bill, for deaths occurring in hospitals, the hospital must provide a certificate regarding the cause of death to the registrar. A copy of the certificate will be provided to the nearest relative. Now in case death occurs in any other place other than a hospital or medical institution, the medical practitioner who attended the person shall issue the certificate. And the certificate issued by the medical practitioner must be provided to the registrar. Here, registrar are officials appointed by state governments for each local area jurisdiction to ensure the maintenance of both and death databases. Okay, and the last important provision is regarding the appeal process. Before seeing that, let us see the organizational structure for maintaining birth and death in states. At the state level, we have chief registrar and at the district level, we have district registrar and at the local level, we have registrars. If any person is agreed by any action or order of the registrar and the appeal can be made to the district registrar. And if anyone is agreed by the action of district registrar and appeal can be made to the state registrar. Here note that appeal must be made within 30 days and the decision regarding the appeal must be provided within 90 days. Okay, so these are some important provisions of registration of births and deaths amendment bill 2023. And that's all regarding this discussion. Now, with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now, take a look at this small article. The news is that recently the Union Minister of State for personal informed the parliament that 29,213 cases were pending with the Central Information Commission in 2021-22. And this is about the news. In this context, we shall discuss some points about Central Information Commission. The Central Information Commission was established by the central government in 2005 under the provisions of Right to Information Act 2005. This Right to Information Act was enacted to ensure that the Indian citizens can exercise their rights of asking questions to the government and different public service providers in a practical way. Note that the Right to Information Act replaced the Freedom of Information Act 2002. Now, coming back to Central Information Commission, the Central Information Commission is not a constitutional body. As it was established under the Right to Information Act 2005, it is a statutory body. Now, talking about the composition of Central Information Commission, the Central Information Commission consists of a chief information commissioner and 10 information commissioners. They are all appointed by the president on the recommendations of selection committee. The selection committee would consist of prime minister as a chairperson, then leader of opposition in Lokshaba and a union cabinet minister nominated by the prime minister. Now, talking about the tenure, all the members including chairperson shall hold the office for a term as prescribed by the central government or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. A note on an important point here, the members and chairperson are not eligible for the appointment, okay? This is all about the tenure and composition of Central Information Commission. Now, moving on to see about the powers and functions of Central Information Commission. First of all, know that the jurisdiction of Central Information Commission extends to all central public authorities. The Central Information Commission has power to receive and inquire into a complaint from any person regarding information requested under Right to Information Act 2005. Apart from this, the Central Information Commission can order an inquiry into any matter if there are reasonable grounds. A note that the Central Information Commission has authority to inquire into a complaint in a CO-motor manner. That is, it can investigate any matter on its own. While inquiring, the Central Information Commission has the powers of a civil court. See, basically, the Central Information Commission handles two kinds of cases. One is complaints and the other one is appeals. And both of them are filed by RTA applicants against public authorities, okay? This is all about the powers and functions of Central Information Commission. Now, coming to the issues, see one of the major issues regarding Central Information Commission is that the delays and backlogs of appeals. As we've seen in the news, there were about 29,213 cases pending with the Central Information Commission in 2021-22. And this was reported by the central government. And the recent data provided by the Central Information Commission says that the pendency was reduced to about 19,233 in 2022, okay? This is all about the Central Information Commission. Like the Central Information Commission, there is also a State Information Commission. It is constituted by the respective state governments. The State Information Commission consists of one state chief information commissioner and a maximum of 10 state information commissioners. And note that they are all appointed by the governor based on the recommendations of appointment committee headed by the respective chief minister of the state, okay? And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about the Central Information Commission, then about the tenure and appointment of Central Information Commission. Then we saw about the functions and powers of Central Information Commission. And finally, we saw some points about the State Information Commission. Now, with these points in mind, let us move on to the next part of the news article discussion. That is to discuss preliminary practice questions. Now look at the first question. This question is regarding Central Information Commission. Here, three statements are given. We have to find how many of the given statements are correct. Now look at the first statement. The Central Information Commission functions under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Personnel. See, the statement is correct. The Central Information Commission functions under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Personnel and Public Grievances. Now, coming to the second statement, the chief information commissioner can be removed by the order of the president on the grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity if the inquiry by the Supreme Court finds him guilty. See, the statement is correct. The chief information commissioner can be removed by the president after an inquiry by the Supreme Court. And this is based on the grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity. Okay? So, second statement is correct. Now, coming to the third statement, the leader of opposition to the Lokshaba forms part of the selection committee that selects the member of the commission. See, the statement is correct. The chief information commissioner and other information commissioners are appointed by the president based on the selection committee. The selection committee consists of prime minister, leader of opposition of Lokshaba, and the union cabinet minister nominated by a prime minister. So, third statement is also correct. Here, all the given three statements are correct. So, the correct answer for the question is option C, all three. Moving on, let's take up the second question. This question is regarding World Cities Culture Forum. Here also, three statements are given. We have to find how many of the statements are correct. Look at the first statement. It forms part of the UNESCO. See, this statement is incorrect because the World Cities Culture Forum is not a part of UNESCO and it is an independent forum. Okay. Now, coming to the second statement, Delhi and Bengaluru are the only cities in India that are included in World Cities Culture Forum list. See, this statement is incorrect because the Bengaluru is the only unforced city to be part of the World Cities Culture Forum list. So, second statement is also incorrect. Now, coming to the third statement, the forum releases World Cities Culture Report every year during World Cities Culture Summit. See, this statement is also incorrect because the report is released once in three years and not every year. So, third statement is incorrect. Here, all the three given statements are incorrect. So, the correct answer for the question is option D, none. Moving on, let's take up the final question. This question is regarding births and deaths amendment bill 2023. Here also, three statements are given. We have to find how many of the statements are correct. Look at the first statement. As per the bill, the Registry General of India has to maintain a national database of birth and death. See, this statement is correct. As we saw in the discussion, the provisions in the amendment bill states that the Registry General of India has to maintain a national database of birth and death. So, first statement is correct. Now, coming to the second statement, it states that the national database can be shared with other bodies preparing database after the approval of the central government. See, this statement is correct. The amendment bill states that the Registry General of India can share national database to other bodies preparing database like electoral roles, census, et cetera, based on the approval of central government. So, second statement is correct. Now, coming to the third statement, the bill mandates that every citizen must only use birth certificate as a proof of date and place of birth after the bill becomes an act. See, this statement is incorrect. See, it is mandatory only for the people born after the bill comes into effect to use only birth certificate as a proof of date and place of birth and not for everyone. So, third statement is incorrect. Here only first and second statement are correct. So, the card answer for the question is option B only two. This is the quiz question for you today. I will post this quiz question in a community section, try to answer it. And the answer for the quiz question will be posted in the comment section of the quiz question itself. You can verify the answers. And displayed here are the main questions for your practice. Go through the questions, write your answers and post it in the comment section. With this, we have come to the end of the discussion. We found our video to be useful. 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