 Mae'r eistedd yn gwybod, mae'n gweithio. Mae'n gweithio i'r hanfodol yn ddau. Gydych chi'n gweithio ar gyfer gweithio gael ei wneud. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweld. Mae'n gweithio. Yn y cwm, yn y ddweud, ddim yn gweld yn cyd-ddwy, felly gyda'n byth yn ei gwysig ar gyfer gweithio'n gwirio'r gwirio. Mae'n gweithio i'n gweithio'n gwirio'n gwirio'n gwirio'n gwirio'n gwirio'n gwirio. IEA. Yn ymddangos, felly Helens ymddangos ymddangos, yn ymddangos y record, ond mae'r sefyllfa CNA wedi'i bwysig yn y rhan o'r rhannu Chathamhau. Ieithio'r ysgrifennu, rydyn ni'n dechrau, mae'r ddod o'i'r rhan o'r llwyth. Rydyn ni'n ddod o'n fwy o'n ffordd o'r ddod o'r ddod o'r ddod o'r ddod o'r ddod o'r ddod, .. Bizio'n cofluio bellach o'r ddechrau... ... ac rhaid i'r ddefnyddio'r ffordd yn fawr fewn. Felly, rhaid i'n dechrau... ..rhyw helyg yw Helene Clarkson... ..on ddim yn srifudd o gyda'r ffoblasau a hŷnw. Rhyw ar hynny oedd Helene... ending you can't because I think the Q&A session is often extremely worthwhile and gets frustrating if you have to cut people off when they're just going, and we'd like to finish it at two o'clock sharp according to this note here anyway. a chyfnodd ymlaen o'r cyffredinol yma, oherwydd mae'n meddwl yn ddwy'r cyffredinol o'r gweithio. Helen Clarkson yw'r cyffredinol yw'r cyffredinol yw'r cyfredinol. Mae'n ddysgu ymddangos cyfredinol o'r cyfredinol ar y cyfredinol, i gynnig i gael cyfredinol o'r cyfredinol. Mae'n gweithio i'r cyfredinol o'r cyfredinol o'r cyfredinol i'r Cyfredinol, Rydych chi'r gweithio ar fynd, ac yn y Old White Group Agn你们b. Arig ymateb ym Mミll Yn Ysgrifen i'r Gwyl Bydd yma. Mae'r wirraedd yn hyn ac yn cyllewin wedi'u gweld â Yn Ysgrifen i'r Gwyl Bydd, yr unig yma a'r New York a'r Yn Ysgrifen i'r New York. Dyna yn fwylo'n fawr i'n fawr i'r 준�un o wyf. Ond oherwydd, yma'r organisation yng Nghymryd Yn Ysgrifen o'r ddim yn gwybeth o maen nhw ymgweithio'r ddechrau ar-e-100, ..a gweithio y gweithio yng Nghymru sydd yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn 100%... ..y ddweud y coelisi yng Nghymru sy'n ddweud yw'r 222... ..y ddweud y ddweud yng Nghymru sy'n ddweud 1.3 billion... ..y 43% o'r economiaeth yng Nghymru. Mae'r Llyfr yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn y ddweud yng Nghymru. more perhaps a none. Helen herself was appointed chief executive of the climate group in March 2017 and proud of that she worked at the forum for the future where she led work with large U.S. corporations to solve complex sustainability challenges. She has also worked for Medisans en Frontier where she worked on humanitarian missions in countries including the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sudan, Burundi, Pakistan and Nigeria and she holds degrees from both University of Cambridge and Burbig College London. A fascinating backstory and a fascinating position at the moment Helen. The floor is yours mobilising governments and businesses to tackle climate change. Thank you and I'll mobilise myself over here and I've got my watch because I've got the message about staying to time so thank you. Thanks very much for having me here today. As has been said I'm chief exec of the climate group and what I'll talk to you about is who we are because I'm sure most of you haven't heard of us. How we work with business and government and why we work with businesses and governments, who we're talking to, who I'm referring to when I say governments it's a particular layer of government and how we use that to shift markets and policies and I'll give you a specific example which is called the Zev challenge zero emission vehicle challenge. On a bit of a look forward but I think some of you are much more deeper into what's coming on the kind of policy horizon but I can show you. I was going to say my hope's not optimism but today is not a good day. We've had the 1.5 degree sea report, special report from the IPCC which I'm sure some of you are starting to kind of dig into and worry about. So our mission is our vision is to accelerate climate action. We're very much focused on that action piece and I'll talk about that. Here we talk about a world of under two degrees sea of warming. Actually we want to keep it well below that close to 1.5 but you'll see later we work with something called the under two coalition and it was getting too confusing to have different numbers all over the place so we've kept it like this and we do that by bringing together these networks and coalitions of businesses and governments which aim to move markets and move policies and the idea there is to take we're not an innovation house we're not inventing things but we're taking proven innovations and working out how you get those to scale. It's all about the acceleration and we look for where the biggest global opportunities are for change. Now I don't normally share this next slide and now I realize you can't read it anyway but I used the wrong ratio in PowerPoint it looks like. So I thought as you're a think tank you might like theories of change. Not everyone does, not even everyone in my own organisation does but this is how we aim to create change and it's relevant to this conversation about why we're trying to mobilize. So we build these networks of businesses and governments with ambitious goals in the middle of them so everyone who comes to us has to make an ambitious commitment. We talk about hundreds and zeros and the reasons for that is what we've found is if you make a business if you've got a business to commit to 90% renewable electricity that'll be pretty good it's a lot better than most businesses are doing and you could say well that's probably in line with the science it's fine but what we found is that behaviorally everyone within the business then assumes that they're in the 10% and nothing happens. So if you set a 100% goal and what you have to do is persuade businesses that you don't know how to do that last 10% we know that we know you don't know how to get to 100 but set the ambition there and you'll start to unleash innovation within the business because everyone knows that therefore it applies to them and when we do the reporting what we're finding is that companies that set 100% targets get there quicker than they thought they could. So we build these networks of businesses and governments create these network initiatives that's the second bubble so we bring them together we do lots of peer learning so we put them in touch with one another we're trying to get more and more into how do we get those companies to work together can they do joint purchasing agreements we're looking at things quite regionally groups of companies in Europe say or Asia working together and I think that's going to continue to grow and we convert as you said their commitment into action so the idea is make a commitment and then we work with you to actually then deliver on it and then we have two sort of they're not quite carrot and stick but we but more or less so we use transparency so a lot of reporting let's check how they're doing we're going to check in with you Annalee we're going to see how you're doing keep keep the momentum up that way but we also really believe in communication so we probably have a much bigger communications team and budget than most nonprofits because we want to continue to keep pressure but also reward and inspire others we're trying to create momentum through these coalitions and what we're finding with RE100 which I'll talk a bit about is that companies now self refer so in the early days of one of these initiatives you have to go out and knock on all these doors persuade people but now with RE100 we're at 150 companies we don't have to do much active recruitment because people out there see it and want to join it and that's through using communications and the idea then is you drive the ambition so companies that are meeting their 100% goals at the moment lost them are using recs to do that so energy certificates but then you try and push the ambition to be more about getting new energy onto the grid so that's the idea it's a kind of idea is that this circle creates the acceleration so on the business side I hate this diagram but I'm sorry I did not I do not have the design say of my organization I haven't yet swayed them to change it and we haven't come up with anything better we have three things put them in a triangle seem to be the thought process but anyway we have at the moment 300s campaigns as we call them EP100 RE100 and EV100 so EP100 is energy productivity we thought that if we called it energy productivity it was so much sexier than energy efficiency that people would flock to us and sign up in droves but yet it remains I think this is very strange and something we might get onto in the discussion so if energy efficiency is weirdly or energy productivity is a kind of weird sort of people aren't really into it and I don't understand why because you can save loads and loads of money if you get this right like we have some thoughts about why but EP100 is an ambition to double your energy productivity so we're looking at the amount of energy used versus your economic activity RE100 is a commitment to 100% renewable electricity and then EV100 is about accelerating the uptake of electric vehicles and their companies can make a commitment either about their own fleet so it might be their least fleet it might be their own fleet or they can make a commitment around charging infrastructure because we know a lot of the problem with EVs is this kind of fear about where am I going to recharge so IKEA one of the first signatories to that and I always say you don't know where your next nearest EV charging point is but you probably know where your nearest IKEA is so as they put charging infrastructure in you go along there they've now launched vegan hot dogs so you get your vegan hot dog you charge your thing you buy black fat furniture or whatever so that's these three things work together we think if you put those together we haven't yet we are on the verge we think of getting one company to sign up to all the three a lot of companies belong to maybe two of these but we're trying to push come ownership of all of them and what's surprising to me and again for discussion maybe is why you'd sign up to 100% renewable electricity without having committed to doubling your energy productivity because then you need less electricity right but it's one of those things I don't know if you run into this with your policy work those of you do it hard to get people to do but anyway these are the business action networks now if you look at the next slide this is which was a bit bigger but this is who's in re 100 it's 150 businesses and you'll see they are big businesses you know these are real leaders if you add together the renewable energy renewable electricity electricity demand of these companies you would get the equivalent electricity demand of a country the size of Poland you'd get about the 23rd biggest country in the world in terms of electricity demand so the idea is you're creating this massive demand signal you're saying to the renewable energy market here is a demand as we were talking um we've just been doing a lot of work on evs and at the global climate summit in california we've been pushing and I'll talk about that the reserve challenge mayor Garcetti from the mayor of los angeles said was talking about evs he said if you build them we will drive them so it's this demand signal it's the same idea with this if you provide renewable electricity we're here to buy it but there's also work going on to create new sources of electricity coming together and also doing policy work so what's been really interesting is that as re 100 has grown policy makers can see this and this was the idea we talk about moving markets moving policy you've put together this huge demand signal but also a signal to policy makers that we need a policy environment in which these companies can get on and so now that re 100 has grown to this side we're finding that policy makers are listening and are interested in what re 100 companies have to do so last year or earlier this year the european clean energy package was coming together and we could bring a group of re 100 companies to the policy makers in brusles and talk about what they needed to stop there being barriers to them having ppas so it's getting into a conversation between businesses and policy makers so that the policy isn't about necessarily always creating the framework but actually kind of locking down the system the conditions in which things can work so you get these companies saying this is what we want and you can take and work with the policy makers to figure that out um i was looking up before I came what's happening here and which Irish companies we need to see in here so by 2030 one third of Irish electricity demand will be from data centres so you need to point me in the direction of those companies because we need to be talking about uh those companies and getting them in here and getting them into ep 100 so i'll take any referrals you have um moving on to government so we um work as the secretariat of something called the under two coalition now i'll give you a bit of history because i'll explain why it's called under two um in the run up to paris so 2015 governor jerry brown in california those of you who know him he's quite he's a climate activist he's also kind of an irasable old guy basically he's got 80 something now quite quite deaf and shouty i've met him lots of times i don't think he'd mind being described like that but he's very very angry he's been working on this stuff for a long time and he thinks no one's going quickly enough he thinks california which he's the governor of isn't going quickly enough and it's doing better than everywhere else so he's very very motivated and fired up so three years ago in the run up to the paris agreement he was very worried along with some others that we weren't actually going to get an agreement it's easy to look back in history and go of course we were always going to get the paris agreement but it wasn't clear that we would and so what he did with his counterpart in the less famous than california barden wuttenberg in germany they came together and said let's found a coalition of states and regions that are more ambitious than the national governments because what if we don't get a paris agreement maybe we can create a coalition that's big enough to move even without the paris agreement you know even if there is nothing in paris so they formed this thing called the under two now it's a bit techy it's actually under two tons of carbon we've kept it more in the branding around under two degrees of course then paris happened and was more ambitious than that so it's paris for those of you who don't think about it every day which i do um is the ambition in paris is well under two degrees with a ambitious target of 1.5 which this morning we've heard is technically possible um so depends how optimistic you're feeling about that but anyway this group of governments is so the map looks very blank this is because i insisted on using a proper as i call it map of the world rather than that one that kind of explodes europe up to be massive um we actually have 220 governments that are signed up most of them are state regional provincial so now wish i'd learned to read up that irish christmas cake this works in the uk but i call it that marzipan layer so you know you have this layer that comes under the icing which is the national government and you've got the cake and there's this interesting level of government that sits between the two it is often kind of people are often more connected with their state and region even if they don't always know who those politicians are it varies very widely from country to country about what powers they have so it can so there are some places here which will almost never sign up because it just doesn't really exist as a level of government that's helpful there but across europe across the us um increasingly south america we're getting very good coverage and other parts of the world this coalition is forming and i've got some stats here which looks a bit better than the map um so actually if you add it up you get to an enormous um coverage of the global economy um and 1.3 billion people and it's probably that those numbers because you know that 1.3 isn't like 43 percent partly because we've got a lot of european states that are wealthy that are signed up and ambitious so what do we do with them oh sorry one more thing about that which we're quite excited by there was a report going into the summit in california that data driven Yale did and they looked at all these types of coalitions that exist across the world so networks i c 40 re 100 and they found that under two has the greatest potential for emissions reductions of all these sorts of networks and if all the governments and it's a big big if i acknowledge if all the governments in that hit their targets then by 2030 they would be reducing by 4.9 to 5.2 gigatons of carbon per annum by 2030 which is the equivalent of the EU so that's how you can kind of imagine the emissions reductions potential but that's the potential so we have to figure out how to deliver on that so what we do at the moment we've got sort of five kind of lines of work one is just we call it engagement that means just getting them to show up and remember their part of it and keep reminding them of their targets and and sort of keeping engaged with the whole thing then the actual work streams are setting out 2050 pathways so we need each of these governments to say how are they going to get to 2050 now if you go to McKinsey and ask them for a 2050 pathway they'll charge you half a million dollars and probably take two or three years so if you scale it up by 220 you realize it's not really going to work like that so some of the work we're doing there is trying to create groups of economies that look quite similar and do a kind of good enough pathway for a forest economy for a retail for a manufacturing so that's one way by bringing a coalition together you can do start to do some sort of leapfrogging we also do mrv work measurement reporting verification so as I said before always checking in on how they're doing but we also have a project to help skill up some of the countries to do their mrv so not just always believing what we get but also doing some work around capacity building there and then the third work stream is called policy and that's around how do you get places to learn from one another and can we get some acceleration going by not every region in the world sort of sitting down with a blank piece of paper and thinking right what are we how are we going to do this now so we've had something running over the last year called the last three years called the energy transition platform that's just wound up and there'll be a new version called the industrial transition platform but essentially what that's done is to take 11 economies that look pretty similar so Alberta, Minnesota, Wales, North Rhine Westphalia, these places which you can hear in very different parts of the world but they all have a very similar problem which they have concentrated heavy industry so you've got maybe the person from Wales said we've basically got 12 companies here it's kind of tiny so you've got concentration of jobs and a concentration of emissions and these are big global multinationals they don't really care which country they're based in if you go too hardly they just lift their jobs up dump them in another country and you've got a political problem on your hand and you might have tackled your emissions reductions but you haven't really done that in a way which if you go back to our mission is about ensuring greater prosperity for all so what can Wales as they're looking at that learn from Alberta which is looking at a quite similar problem can we nick policies for one another copy and what we're finding is you can't just copy paste a policy for one place to another but a lot of the processes that you go through are quite similar so our next version of this project is going to look much more about what are the processes to be a politician or change maker or civil servant in these places and I went to one of the meetings this group and it was like people were meeting their long lost cousins because you know you've got one civil servant in Wales thinking about this all the time and they found their counterpart who sits in Minnesota thinking about this all the time and it was lovely so we're going to keep building that out and start to do it with other clusters we can see if you're interested in such things which I hope you are we have a policy action map which we're also developing because what you want is our members to be able to see who's got a policy on what where and this will just hopefully continue to grow and grow and we also on this point about states and regions have very different powers we were finding it really hard to get our heads around what can states and regions do because it's so different so rocky mountain institute who are clever other than us you're very good at this sort of thing we're giving some money to go and figure that out and we've now got this which is great it's called the carbon free regions handbook and it's got lots of ideas about the types of policy it's got case studies and so on and we're going to use this to direct our policy work but it's a really good recommended reading it's a page turner it's good it's very good it's got some good case studies in there the final thing we do as climate climate group as I said we do a lot about communications and one of the things that we do every year is run something called climate week in New York which some of you might have been at it runs alongside the UN General Assembly so the idea is that you've got a lot of stuff going on about a climate when you've got all the heads of state in town and we actually got some of them there last week I failed to include because I'm just not very good at PowerPoint um but Jacinda Ardern who I'm just a fan of uh spoke at our opening ceremony for that so I've got a nice cheesy picture with her we had a little name badge for the baby but the baby didn't had jet lags I didn't come which was a shame but uh we also had the head of state of Peru who has a very large entourage uh Haiti various other places it was great to have them there and coming in just getting people to getting them to think about climate change and the fact that it was so far up their agenda was great hopefully in future we get kind of other bigger maybe one might say even heads of state it's been going on for 10 years this was just the um theme this year we were trying to really get the people of New York to notice it a bit more um as a leading city but we can talk more about that in the discussion and then I just wanted to give you an example of um all of this coming together so um as you know we had uh well some of you will know in the beginning of September there was this global climate action summit again Governor Brown uh flexing his muscles pulling everyone together in California um and I was on the advisory council for that um which was quite hard work um because what they wanted to do was to make sure that everyone who came to that had new commitments so it was a kind of year running it's not just show up and tell us what you've been doing more commitments really trying to drive that so we pulled something called uh together called the zero mission vehicle challenge I do have a photo of myself looking incredibly sweaty they made me launch it that's a formula e vehicle which is the more interesting thing in this picture so formula e uh the racing it's like formula one but it's electric formula e um with a lot of these innovations they start off in that in those kind of elite car bit and then they kind of trickle down um so they brought that along um and what you just cut off because I don't know there's such a bad picture but anyway Mary Nicholls is just cut off the edge of the side there now she is in charge of the California Air Resources Board um and if you follow these things at all California are locked into a battle with the federal US government moment about emissions standards and California has been very leading and has always pushed the emissions standards for the states because they've had this ability to set their own standards which means that um car manufacturers essentially have to manufacture to the California standards and they're they're locked in this battle at the moment so it's great to get Mary there because she's just day to day with the manufacturers talking about this stuff but the idea of the challenge was to take our ev 100 campaign add it together with c 40 cities which is a network of 95 of the biggest cities they have something called green and healthy streets which is a commitment to electric public transport particularly buses add that together and then we went out to the under two governments and said why don't you make the same commitment to zv 100 so using their purchasing power to procure electric vehicles when you add all of that together you start to get a really big demand signal to the electric vehicle manufacturers and more importantly to the internal combustion engine manufacturers so we were and we had to word this very carefully with California because where they are in their particular battle but we talked a lot over these days about how do we start to get a signal from the automotive companies about what their end game is for the combustion engine and we need to hear that because if you look at something like the IPCC report that came out today that day we've got countries around the world committed to 2040 but we need to be bringing that closer and closer and I think if you can add together the demand and send this demand signal again you give certainty into the market for the automotive companies to feel like they can phase out so we're early stages but in the first year of having since we launched ev 100 and bringing these together we now have over 60 cities states and businesses and when you start to add their targets together you really get to quite a large market so we're going to continue to grow that and we're going to continue to figure out how to put pressure on the automotive companies and we want at least one of them to come forward and tell us when are you going to stop producing the combustion engine right we will move off the picture of me looking great it was so hot in there it was a warehouse in Brooklyn and they shut all the doors and then we just baited inside I think maybe the idea was to put pressure on the automotive companies like we won't let you out until but anyway they weren't there so this is my last thing I was trying to think about looking forward and where all this is going obviously we're going to continue to be building these we'll start looking soon at what comes next in terms of the hundreds but just in terms of what all this is doing so where we are in the kind of climate policy cycle as it were and I know there's bigger experts than me here for sure on a lot of these things so the IPCC special report came out today in a few weeks the lucky ones amongst us here will assemble in Katowice in Poland I'm not looking forward to that at all because it's going to be very cold and hard to get to um but that's the next COP conference of the parties it's when the parties to the UN FCCC come together again um and the idea then is that we're all moving towards 2020 essentially that's the next big year when the nationally determined contributions which form the basis of the Paris agreement when they're next looked at and so these two cops this year and next year in Brazil the idea is to be sort of putting the pressure on the government so agreeing the rule books and so on um if you add together the current NDCs it would take us to three degrees of warming and we're already hearing today in the report about how disastrous two degrees is going so we just don't have an option we've got to get these um NDCs down I also put US exit from Paris possibly in 2020 probably but I'm holding my optimistic heart is set on a democratic president who wins and the next day says it's fine we're staying in Paris because if because the timing they've got four days between their victory party and saying that they're gonna stay so we can hope for that but you know look where the COP is next year of Brazil and um obviously a big election going on there and quite terrifying election going on right now so from a climate point of view the big questions that we need to keep the pressure on but also support national governments and a lot of the work we do um and the idea of the california conference is this kind of showing what's happening in the the real economy as it were so businesses investors sub national governments um showing that all of those players are moving and doing enough to support the governments to be more ambitious and that's why the kind of theme of the california conference was step up so everyone needs to take a step up everyone needs to do more we are seeing a lot of movement we're seeing a lot of really ambitious leadership but there's just tons and tons um to do i'm going to leave it there it was 25 minutes there you go