 Good morning, everyone. Welcome to our second lecture on BC 314. This is our second lecture for this week on media and technology in ministry. Thank you for connecting. Trust all of you are doing well. You've been good. All right. So we're going to pick up from where we paused yesterday. I'll just go ahead and share the PDF. Oh, wait. Before that I shared the PDF. So, Roshan, yesterday you had asked a little question on... You had asked a question on home podcast equipment. That was a good question and I never thought of that because actually I never done it. Because all of our recordings are done with the media team. So I never thought of it but because you asked a question I thought it's a useful thing to add to the course content. So I went back and I just searched online and so I just put a little PDF together. There's a lot of useful information and so let me just share that first. I put that PDF. So I just put a one page thing together. And then I found this website that's kind of giving us all the information that we need. So basic podcast equipment. If you're going to start doing a podcast. Now I have to confess I have not done this myself because we have a team of people who do it. And basically they take out the audio part of the sermons and all of that. And then they push it to various podcast channels. So actually all of that is automated by script. So it's not manually done and just automated the whole thing. So the audio files are automatically pushed into these other podcast channels. So that's why we don't spend time on it. This is but it was a very useful question. I thought it's useful to have something that we could, you know, if somebody wants to do it, they can get started off. So basically you need a microphone. And so, you know, what are the good microphones that you can use? We can get that information here. You need a good headphone, a standard headphone headset so that you can hear is good enough. Then the software that you use to edit that audio. We've got several options, GarageBand, Audacity and Adobe Audition. I used to have Audacity on my computer, but I don't have it anymore. But these are, you know, software that you can work with the audio part. And then there are also web-based paid solutions where you can help you do the whole audio thing end to end. So in case somebody wants to do that. If you're having multiple inputs, mics and so on, then you could have a small mixer, a hardware. So they give you options for that. And in case you're doing a camera recording, they give you options for that. So I thought, you know, I just put all the links to this website. So it's very useful. So you can have a look and see if that's useful. So, yeah, so I appreciate you asking the question because I never thought of it before. And it may be something somebody may want to do. And it's a nice thing to do to be able to try it out. And now when I've done, we've, you know, again, we've produced radio programs and all of that. Again, the media team handle said they extract the audio, they put in the fillers, they throw the outro. And then they compose the entire audio into, let's say, a 15 minute broadcast audio file. And then they send it out and then they put it on the radio and stuff like that. So those kinds of things you've done, podcasts and radio. But definitely, you can give it a try. I know one pastor here in Bangalore, he does his podcast. Now, his, his, his, and he came and he, and he, I was on one of his podcast is very, very, very simple, very basic thing. He had two microphones, simple microphones connected to a small portable kind of like a two channel input. And then that's a recorder. That's it. So a recorder that has two channels coming in. That's it. So he held one, I held one. He would ask the questions and I would answer. And it was just a simple recorder and he recorded it. And then he puts it out of, of course, he'll edit it and he put it out on his website and his podcast channel. So that was a very, very simple one and portable. So he came to my office and he recorded it there and it does. It's good enough just that, you know, after you do the recording, you take the audio file and then you edit it the way you want it. Put some intro music, outro and any announcements you want. So it was a very simple setup, but it worked. And, you know, he's got people listening to his podcast. So that's a, you know, that's, that's a ministry. That's something you can think of doing and serve people. Okay. So let's pick up from where we paused yesterday. We are still in this chapter 14 on digital equipment. We basically went through the audio part yesterday. And I think, yeah, the public address system, we went through this. And, you know, after the class, I was just reflecting. And I think the question Elisha asked yesterday about, you know, what would a typical, you know, set up for a 500. Now people congregation, what would it be, what would cost. And that was an interesting question. I never thought of putting that information together. So I probably will work on it. But the fact is the such a wide range, you know, depending on what kind of mics you want, you can use basic mics, you can use high end mics. So when we started out, we just used to go with, you know, just the basic equipment, just the basic mics and speakers and all of that. And we started out. And then slowly over time, we started buying a little better equipment. You know, for better equipment, it's a little bit more costly, more expensive. But then you do have the advantage of getting better quality in your sound and people have a better experience. So, but that question from Elisha kind of broke some parts. Maybe I should put a little list together of what we actually using in the cost. But the ballpark that I gave was, you know, for kind of a slightly better, maybe not the high end, slightly better equipment. So it's a little bit more expensive. We don't have to start off with $5,000. You can also start off with something simpler, not very heavy and not very expensive equipment. But simple mics and speakers and mixers. So then the cost would of course come down. All right, let's get into video production. We just started this towards the end of the class yesterday. Now video production is very important because today people are expecting that kind of content. Audio is good. If you can have a very engaging podcast, that is really great. There's one very, very famous podcast called the Karen, Karen, you have leadership podcast CNLP Karen, you have leadership podcast. So he just, you know, just simple. It's conversation between him and he interviews one other Christian leader or one of the leader from sometimes he also interviews not necessarily Christians, but others. But he himself was a pastor and then he, you know, kind of stepped out and started doing other things. So the Karen, you have leadership podcast is quite famous. It's taken off very, you know, widely and he covers a wide range of topics, but then that's an example where a podcast has really made it big. It's really impacting in the Christian space, Christian leadership space. So I listened to it from time to time and he deals with their current issues, current topics. So audio has its place, but video is again something that people look for because it's very engaging, right? You're seeing, hearing a lot of things happening. So having a good video production team is very useful. And also this then leads us into live streaming, which we will talk right after this. You know, when you want to live stream your Sunday service or your event, it's basically your, a lot of the same people are going to be helping you do that. But in doing a video production, that's a small thing like what I said yesterday, just doing a five minute delete emotional. Or if you're doing something larger, maybe you're doing a 20 minute production or you're doing a stock drill or whatever. Regardless, it follows these three general stages. There's a pre production stage where you are planning everything you need to have an idea of what you're going to do. And you share that with the your video production team. So then they can do their homework and get everything ready. So you tell them, that's what you're going to do. So I shared a simple example of how we do our daily devotional recordings. Things are planned ahead of time. We let our person know, you know, these are the topics. And he tells us, okay, you're recording recording for these three or four weeks, they will be released during this calendar weeks. So you can prepare accordingly. You know, in case example, if it's before Easter or if it's before Christmas, you typically want your messages around that. And they will also plan the set and the, you know, the things around it, around that theme or topic. Then comes the production where your actual shoot happens. And they record it, you know, they let multiple cameras, lights and all that. We'll talk about that. And then the post production is when they go back and they edit whatever they've captured during the production. They put it together into those five minute devotionals or whatever they're producing and they release it. So typically for all of this, there's just a general list of equipments that you will need. Of course, you will need cameras. Now I just put a simple picture of camera. It's a video camera or a cinema, cinema camera. So basically, you know, what we do is we hire, we rent these cameras. The reasons are we purchased two cameras quite some time back. But the thing is, you know, it's very difficult to keep up to date with the latest, you know, things that come out. You can't keep buying cameras every year or every two years, they're expensive. So we decided to rent the cameras. So when you're renting, you can ask for something that is more current. What you can afford, of course, you know, to pay for renting. So that's why I'm not, you know, I didn't put on a big list of cameras. But generally, we have an old Panasonic high definition video camera. And then we rent three Sony cameras, Sony FX6. That's what we rent. We rent them. So the vendor brings it for the event and they take it back. So you just pay for the others that you use. So that way we don't have to worry about, you know, if you want to have a better camera, you can ask and rent a better camera. So I would share that idea. And if you're interested, you could probably do that instead of trying to buy cameras because they're expensive and keeping them safe and all of that. So that's what we do. We normally rent our cameras. We do have two old ones that we also use. We also, we also have a, we rent GoPro camera. So this one is a smaller camera, which is very useful for action related things. So this is a camera that for our Sunday services, we position it close to the drama. So, you know, the drummer is sitting on the stage. He's sitting behind a plexiglass case covering and be positioned a GoPro camera some of the years. So it can pick up his actions, fast movements. And it also kind of gives a very close up shot of what the drummer is doing. Now, a camera person doesn't go and shoot that. It's picked up by this GoPro camera. And I will show you how we feed it. So this is also something, I mean, you can buy it if you want, or you can rent it. And we've been renting it for quite some time because we just use it only on Sundays for that particular use. Other things that you will need, of course, if you buy cameras, you will buy tripods also, but you just rent the whole thing. Microphones you may need. We use simple wireless mics for our video production, you know, so it's kind of hidden. So people, you don't see them walking around with mics or they're not there, but they are hidden in their clothing. You can have external mics picking up the sound as well. Now, in the early days, we used to use what is commonly referred to as a green screen. So of course, you need light and you need your set, the background. Now, so here's a simple technique. If you don't want to spend money on, or if you don't have a place where you can do up your set, the background, the decor and all that, a very simple solution is to shoot with a green screen. And we used to do this a lot in the early days when we started our recording that's way back in 2001, I think, or surely 2002 we started. We used to do a lot of our recordings with green screen. Basically what happens is you don't need to have a nice background. You're just standing on the green screen and you're recording. This is literally a green cloth, kind of a green cloth that's there. So what happens is when they're editing the video, they can just replace everything that's green with the background, what you want. They can put a background of mountains and everything or rivers or lakes or a church building or whatever background you want. So suddenly you're standing in front of these mountains, beautiful valleys, whatever. They replace the green screen. Anything that's green color is replaced with the background. And then you are superimposed on it. So it looks nice and it doesn't cost anything. It's just done during the video editing part. So, and this is a technique even, you know, large studios would use even the news studios where the person is actually standing on a green screen. But they superimpose the green screen with whatever, maybe some city skyscraper or something. So it looks like as of this person is reporting from some tall building somewhere. But actually it's just standing on a green screen. So you can even do that for other purposes. But anyway, so this is a very simple thing. And then of course you need some lighting. Again, we, most of our lighting, we just a friend, we tell the vendors to come and bring the lighting. And we have purchased some LED lighting because this one is you can keep it and use it as often as you want. So basically LED lighting. And then behind it, you can control, you know, the brightness, the dimness, the warm, the yellow light that comes in. So you can control all of that behind it. And it's very useful. And it's easy to carry around as well. So we purchased two of these, but then the other lighting, which is friend. So typically you'll need quite a few of these about at least three of these, you know, so you cover, make sure that no shadows coming in anywhere. So based on that, you adjust the lighting on your subject that goes into the video production. And then a reflector kit to reflect light onto the subject to eliminate any shadows and so on. So those are kind of things. There is something else called known as the gimbal, which is if you're holding a camera but not necessarily on a tripod and some other place, then it kind of shows you, is it aligned correctly, right? So it helps you align, make sure your camera is parallel to the ground in the right line of sight. You'll need editing software, production software, which we mentioned earlier and the software that you could use, high quality memory cards because all of this takes up a lot of space. It goes into your memory cards and battery as well. So battery can just charge and replace those batteries. So these are the kind of things that you would need in your video recording, doing your video production. And, you know, we've gone through a lot of learning process in doing these things. There have been all kinds of things happening. I remember those days when we were doing green screen recording and I had a Bible that had a green cover on it. And we actually recorded, you know, some of our, we did some of our recordings that day and nobody noticed that my Bible had a green cover. And, you know, we did all the recordings and then they, you know, they did what they would do, replace the green screen with the background. But the Bible cover, because it was green, it was also being replaced with the background. This is like, oh, what do we do with this? And then they had to, and my hand was on the Bible. So part of my hand was also, you know, gone. So we've had all those mistakes happen during these things, you know, kind of learning as we worked through these things. I remember once, while we were recording, we had recorded several, this was with our daily devotionals. We recorded several of our devotions that day. And this memory card, you know, so all is recorded and they have to replace it. So, I don't know what happened, but one of our people, he erased the memory card. Oh, I was like, okay, it's no way you're going to retrieve that because it's gone. So all those hours of recording is gone. We had to redo the whole thing now. Okay. No choice. Just sit down and redo it. So we've, you know, had to work through those kinds of problems and then, okay, develop a system. Make sure you don't delete your memory cards. You copy it off to your computer. Then you bring it back and use it because we keep circulating these cards, you know, if you're doing a recording for several hours during the day, you copy things off your memory card into your computer, then bring it back, use it again. So all those things are to be careful when you are working on this. And of course he has a little specification of a computer that you would typically need. Something that's high end because you're dealing with a lot of video. So you need a good memory, good speed, a lot of storage. And of course you can work with Windows or Mac. Mac is usually people prefer Mac, but whatever you can afford, you'd need a good large screen for people to see things and work on it and so on. So all of these things just put together for your, you know, for your reference, but definitely you can consult with people, your vendors and they'll be able to help you. Okay. Any questions? Okay, I'm seeing Christopher's question. You know, why do we put that lexical surrounding it? Yeah, so usually to just block the sound. So, you know, the drummer's playing on all of the instruments, his cymbals and all of that, playing there. So that physical, that sound actually is being picked up by the mics. So the sound that's picked up by the mics that is then actually used for the auditorium or for the live streaming, all of that. But the fact is, while he's playing, there's also the sound that goes over into the people, the worship people, the worship team. So you want to block a lot of that from going in or spilling over towards the worship team because they are hearing through their, either the stage monitors or the in-ear monitors. That's the sound that they want to pay attention to. Otherwise, the sound coming from the drums right next to them can be overpowering and so on. So that plexiglass around it, him kind of just blocks as much of the sound as possible. And we get to hear only what comes through the PA system. And the same sound is controlled for the people on stage, the worship team. So just to keep everything in a controlled environment. Okay, yeah. So how's the graphics for the background? Yeah, so we'll get into that. That's our next step, the graphics and how that's set up. I'll share that with you. Okay, any questions on just the video production part? Any thoughts, any questions on that? Okay. So now what we're going to do is, so we understand video recording, that is your recording in a controlled environment. Now we take that into our live Sunday service and then we want to do live streaming. That means you're still doing video production, but it's live streamed. And then as part of that, so imagine your Sunday service. You have things being projected inside the auditorium, which is maybe while the worship team is singing, the lyrics come on the screens or while the preacher is preaching, their presentation comes on the screens. And now in our region we use, let's say typically there would be LED screens. So you'll have multiple LED screens. So that's happening inside the auditorium. And sometimes even the cameras inside the auditorium, all their video capture is also shown on the screens. So that's one thing, that's in-house. But all of that is also being sent out live online for an online audience. So we want to give the online audience an experience that is as good as somebody sitting inside the auditorium, which means they need to have good quality sound. They need to be able to see either the worship team or the preacher preaching. It's nice if you can show them shots about the congregation inside. And also to show them what's coming on the screens, meaning the lyrics of the songs or the sermon points, etc. So we want to give that similar experience to those who are online, as we do for those inside the auditorium. So what does that configuration look like? I'll just walk us through this. And again, here, okay, so live streaming platforms. I'm sure all of us are familiar. A lot of us use YouTube, go live on YouTube. And you could go live on other platforms as well. But I suppose most of us would be going live on YouTube. And when you're doing your live streams on YouTube, there's also the option for live chats. People interacting with your audience on live chat. That's a useful thing to do. If you are, and you could have your countdowns for your live stream or if you're premiering, that's also possible. The advantage, of course, is your recording can stay online and people who have missed it while it's live can come and watch the video at any later point in time. If you are working with content delivery networks, they will push it across various other channels as well. So it gives you a wider reach. And also some of them will provide you analytics. So Google, YouTube, for instance, can tell you how many people are watching live, how many people watch later, what duration of your video did they actually watch, which countries were they watching from, et cetera. So that's useful to know. Now, what does a typical configuration look like and how is it set up? So basically, this is a schematic for a live stream. So you've got your audio and your video inputs. And this is a high level, so it comes into a mixer. We can use a physical mixer, which we use one called Blackmagic. That's the product that we use. So audio-video mixer switcher. Or you can also use something that's software-driven, a software audio-video switcher called, for example, Viacast. That's a product that you could use. But we use a physical one. And then that is encoded. That means it is put into a format that is ready to be broadcast. For the encoder, again, you've got two options. You can use a software encoder. So you've got a software, one that's open source. It's called Open Broadcaster Software. Some people can even, some people use a commercial one, or present a pro. And there's also another option, Resi.io. So you can do a software encoding that is, let the software do the encoding for you. Or you can use a hardware encoder. So the hardware encoder, of course, is much faster if you use this. But then it requires a lot of configuration. This is easier to use a software encoder. But a hardware encoder requires configuration for this. And then that, what is encoded, the encoded output, then goes on out to your platform. So it goes through your router and switch, goes out into the internet. Now, when it goes out into the internet, I mean, you can, from here, it goes directly into your YouTube channel, for example, or your Facebook channel or wherever you're streaming on, your streaming platform. Or you can set up your own server. And from there, you can multicast to n number of channels. So example, if we want to simultaneously this output, I want to simultaneously multicast on multiple platforms. I want it to go on YouTube, Facebook, my church website, any other channels. Then I can do that. We can do that by setting up our own server. And then from here, we go out. Now, you can set up your own server or there are also service providers who do multicast for you. So you can use an online service to multicast for you. If you're doing it on a single channel, like YouTube example, then you go straight from your encoder, you go straight into YouTube. You're done. But in case you're multicasting, then there's an intermediate step here in order to do that. And then, of course, on the other side, you have your audience. They will connect to wherever you are live on. So this is a high level of how the whole thing happens. Your audio video comes in. You've got your mixer here that decides what we'll explain, which screen to show, et cetera. Then there's an encoder. And then you can go straight to your broadcast channel or you can go through another server that will help you multicast and set it out through multiple channels. Audio network, we've seen. It's a similar thing. There's a console that controls what's happening in-house. There's another console that mixes for telecast. So this person will mix the sound that is going to be sent out. So sometimes we get feedback on some of our YouTube channels, hey, or our live stream channels, or the audio is not loud enough, this and that. So this person will work on it and adjust it, make it better. For those who are listening, this in-house person is doing it for controlling the sound for people inside the auditorium. Now, what would this configuration look like? This is part of it. Actually, I'll just shift the PDF. I'll share another PDF video. It's just kind of a little expanded version of this. Let me see. Now, yeah, this is our current configuration. So let me share this with you. Are you all with me so far? Okay. Let me share the current configuration with you. So this is our live stream configuration. All right. So let's try and follow me on this diagram. So we have our camera inputs, right? So we have one old Panasonic camera. We've got most of these are rented. So this is a camera one, camera two, camera three. This is our GoPro that's sitting next to the drummer. And these cameras will be in various places in the auditorium. So we have one camera. That is a wireless one, which one of these is wireless? Okay. It doesn't show it yet. But anyway, we'll have one camera that's on the stage. The person is moving it on stage. He's getting different shots of people on the stage. There are other cameras that are set up inside the auditorium, strategic positions. So we've got multiple cameras. Now, all of these inputs from the camera are coming into the video switcher. So the video switcher is basically the person handling the video switcher is going to decide. So you've got, you know, you've got video coming in from five different sources in this particular case. Now, some people will have more than that, more sources and all that. But I'm just giving you what we are doing. So you've got video coming in from five different sources. This video switcher person is going to decide which one of these is actually going to be shown, right? Which input is going to be shown. So he's going to be switching. So one camera can give you a shot of the worship team. Another camera is giving you a shot of maybe the preacher in the close up in a straight view. Another camera is giving a shot of the stage from a side view. And other camera may be panning out on the congregation. So this person on the switcher is manually deciding which one of these shots is going to be the one that goes out. You know, so he's switching between these cameras. That's basically his work. So the output of that, the switcher is this HyperDex Studio is recording everything. So we are saving. We are recording the whole video audio that's being sent out. We're recording it. So that's being recorded. And it is also here. He can see what's, you know, which one he's switching between over here on the smart view. So he's decided he's going to look at this, et cetera. It's also being recorded. And then this output is then sent. So here are two. So here's a hardware encoder. And here is a software encoder. So we have both. The reason we have is there was a time when we wanted to use the hardware video encoder and then we decided to use it. It's less complicated in its setup. So we decided to use the live stream software. So let me back up. When we first started, we started with just using OBS Studio live stream software. Then we did try out the video hardware encoder. We just found out that, you know, it's a little bit more complicated. We need the IT team involved in setting it up every each time for each time we do. So it's okay. We'll keep it as a backup. It's easier to train people here on the OBS Studio. So this is what we use. Now, in addition to the inputs coming in from the video, we also have somebody who's doing the presentation, meaning they're controlling the lyrics. They're controlling the graphics, the sermon graphics, et cetera. So what this person is also doing should also come into the whole picture. So what they're showing is usually comes as an overlay. We call it on the lower third. So what this person decides to show, meaning the lyrics, power, sermon points, et cetera, is overlaid on the video, and it goes through the mixer as well. And it appears on the lower third, the lower part of the video. So that's what this presenter does, so that whatever this person selects is overlaid. And all of this is then shown. We have two displays. We have an LED wall that's in the center of the stage, sorry, this one is in the center of the stage, and then we have two LED walls on the side. So all of that is also shown on the main LED wall as well as on the LED walls on the side. So that's how everything kind of, the data flows, the video flows, and everything comes together. So basically we have three laptops. You've got a presenter laptop, you've got a live streaming laptop, and you've got another laptop here for the Blackmagic controller software is running. You've got your Blackmagic video switcher here. You've got a device that records the video, and then you've got your mixer of the output of the presenter and what's going out to... So we have some monitors so that people can see what's happening. So this one is on the stage. So the person preaching or worship team can also see that. They can see what's happening. So we have that as well. And these are the LED screens, which is for the audience. And what comes out from here, the Obvious Studio goes on the live stream. If there is some problem with this one, we do have a backup to switch to a hardware encoder, which is not normally used, but it's there. It's there as a backup, but we usually use this software live stream. So I'll share the schematic with you as well. It's in the document, but this is kind of an updated one because we've added this additional LED panels as well. Any questions so far? You don't have to memorize this. It's just for you to get an idea. This is what's happening when we are doing an in-house production plus a live stream production. This is what's going on. Okay. Let me see now. What else do we have here? Sorry. Okay. So that's the software we're using. I've mentioned all of these things here. You can look these up if you in case you're using. All right. So the last piece, last thought that I want to share is that when you're doing a live stream, you like your stage to look nice. Ours is a very simple stage, meaning there's nothing. We don't keep anything fancy there. We just like the stage to be clean so there's not too many wires on the ground, et cetera. There's a pulpit, and then there's an LED background so that we can show the scriptures and the key points of the sermon that comes on it. So very simple. And the LED background, you can change the colors and the graphics. It makes it look nice. But some people like to have more elaborate stage, decor, stage setup. And I just point you to these links here where you can get ideas on different third stage designs. And also a very important thing is to control the lighting on the stage because if you're showing it on video, you've got to have sufficient light on the stage so that what needs to be visible is visible and clear. And then of course, there's also the software that controls what comes on the LED graphics. So we use, there are different software packages that are available so that you decide what's going to come on the LED screen. BAB use Resolume to say, okay, we want this graphic on the LED screens. And so that's what controls that. Okay. So with this, it's a quick overview of digital equipment. You know, we've looked at different software pieces, hardware pieces, audio, video and live stream. So it kind of gives you an idea of what goes into this part of the ministry, this side of the ministry. Now, you know, the reason I'm talking about this and not having our, you know, video people and audio people talk about it because they may talk to technical. And then it's of no value because we're not going to necessarily going to use that information. I think what's enough is to have a high level understanding of what happens, leave all the technical details to the people who need to know it. But no enough so that you can have a meaningful conversation. And sometimes, you know, when you're talking to them, because you're an outsider, you're thinking from outside the box, it actually helps them. You know, because they are technical people, they're always thinking within their technical space. But when you from outside say hey, how about this and how about that, you know, it kind of adds value to the whole thought process. So I hope this was useful just to give you enough idea on, you know, what goes into the digital side of things. Next week, we will spend time, we have two more lessons left. One is on software platforms. So I just basically want to share with the with the class all the various software platforms that we use in church. What we have tried to do intentionally is to use open source products as far as possible so that we don't pay licensing fees and all of that. So I'll just share with you what we use and you may want to use it for your church and ministry. And then the last lesson is on data protection, just talk a little bit on keeping people's data secure. Because in your church or in your ministry, you are going, people are going to trust you with their personal information. And in some cases, you know, if they're coming for counseling, your counselors, people are engaged in counseling will have a lot more information about their personal lives and so on. Everything must be kept confidential are not, you know, disclosed publicly in any way. So we'll close out with that. So we have, we just have two more lessons and we'll be done with what we want to cover in this course. Any questions? Go ahead, Christopher. Yeah, how long does it take to set up all this in preparation for the Sunday service? And where is the bulk of the time spent? I guess, you know, people know what they are, what they need to set up. So, you know, that may happen quickly, but you know, where is the bulk of the time spent? I used to set it up. And second thing is you mentioned about the rental. So you have talked about some other costs that you are going to provide some details. So on the rental side, what kind of costs are involved? Like, for example, daily screenings and cameras and everything that we think. So if you could provide some details on that. Yeah, so the way we work is we, all the big things we let vendors provide for us. So like we said, you know, the LED walls, there's this one big thing that's on the middle of the stage and there are two LED walls on the side. We don't do anything with that. We just tell the vendors, it's your responsibility. You need to come and set it up, you know, so the vendors come and do it. So that setup may take about four hours, generally speaking. So they come the previous evening, like for the Sunday morning service, they would come on a Saturday evening and set it up. Or they would come early Sunday morning. So four hours is like, but now because they know what it is and we are storing a lot of our stuff in the premises itself. So I think they're able to actually put it all up together within two and a half hours. But if they're going to ship, bring everything in, load it into the premises and then set it up, it will take four hours. But because we store everything right there on premise, they can actually do it within two and a half hours. But it's all done by the vendors. So our people are not, you know, not involved in setting it up. The vendors will come and set it up. The whole stage decor, like decor means, you know, the carpet, the elevation for the worship teams. Again, that's all outsourced. When it comes in and he sets that up. The thing that our people do is and also the movement of all our equipment from where it's stored into the auditorium. We have vendors who come and move it for us. So our people don't have to do that. No. Then once they move it into the premise, then our people, which means mostly volunteers and a few church staff actually do the setup. Meaning the connecting of the cables and everything. Now, because that is, you know, everything of all of that is already, what to say, laid out very clearly. Okay, in the green room, we know, you know, these are the equipment that's got to be there in the green room. The cabling is all there. What's on stage is there. What's at the bottom of the stage is there. And what's in the back of the auditorium all done. So since all of this is well known. That setup basically takes place within two hours. So people would come in. So we have the eight o'clock service. So people would generally come in by six or sometimes six 30. Everything is ready. Typically, you know, even by seven 30, they're able to get ready. Sometimes the setup happens on Saturday. Some of it actually, that's how we try to work. We usually try to do a lot of the setup on Saturday evening. So there's no rush on Sunday morning. So they would come, they set up everything. And by seven 30, the worship team runs through a quick practice, eight o'clock one service. Then they have a gap between 10 to 10 30. So they would do a, you know, finer practice during that half an hour and 10 30 next service. Cameras also same thing. Cameras, windows bring, they will bring it. They will set it up. They hook it in finished. So on most, for most weekends, the setup is done on Saturday evening. So only if the auditorium is not available for some reason, you know, they get delayed. But generally every Saturday evening, late in the evening, it's all done. So it's Sunday morning, six 30, six, six 30, they come. Final touches are done. Seven 30 worship team can practice rental costs. So again, see, we have negotiated rates down with all our vendors. They may not be the market rates because market rates would be much higher. So with all our vendors, what, you know, we're saying, look, this is four to five Sundays a month. That you're getting work. So they have given us, you know, because it's a growth year. It's an ongoing thing. So they've given us very reasonable rates. I can give you some numbers, you know, from the top of my head based on what I remember. But maybe what I should do is just to be a bit more accurate. Maybe I'll put it together and I can share it in class next week. So that'll be a better, you know, better. I mean, I can remember what we initially had conversations and negotiated, but it's better. I go back and get those numbers and give you the real numbers as of today. I'll do that for next class. So it gives you an idea of, okay, this is the cost that goes into renting all this equipment and per Sunday. Yeah. So if you give me some time, I'll give it to you next Sunday. All right. Any other questions? Fine. So let's wrap up today. We'll close in prayer and we'll see if we can finish the course next weekend and next Thursday, Thursday and Friday. Cover the rest of the content next week and we may be done by then. Let's see how things go. Could somebody please pray and then we will dismiss. Thank you. Anyone could pray and we'll dismiss. Please go ahead, Maggie. Thank you, Heavenly Father. Thank you for wisdom, Lord. The provision you are providing us, Lord, with knowledge here. So we are prepared, Lord, for your ministry and for the world ahead, Lord. And we pray, Father, whatever we learn, Lord, we will understand it in a way that we make this knowledge useful, Lord. And we make it practical, Lord, for your kingdom, Father. We pray, Father, that you be fast, Lord, this weekend and until you meet again on Monday, Lord. And you might learn, Father, we pray in the name of Jesus. Amen. Amen. Thank you, everyone. Have a good weekend. See you all next week. God bless. Bye now.