 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in the industry and more. Today we have sterilization and disinfection of operative instruments So sterilization is nothing but a destruction of both vegetative form and spores But disinfection is only the vegetative form. So this session is about sterilization procedure or the step-by-step procedure how a soiled instrument or Recently used instrument can be reused as a new instrument. So what are the steps in between these two? It is just like a cycle a soiled or a recently used after a procedure how it can be cleaned Sterilized and can again be Reused as a fresh sterilized new instrument. So it involves pre-soaking cleaning corrosion control and lubrication packaging sterilization, then sterilization monitoring drying or cooling storage distribution and sharpening So the first procedure is pre soaking. So after the procedure the instrument should be pre soaked that is for preventing drying or also to begin To resolve or soften the organic debris which is present on the instruments after the procedure It will start killing the microbes So it is basically a detergent or enzymes which is a containing disinfectant such as phenolic compounds or cotton tree ammonium products After that cleaning we can go for manual or ultrasonic The commonly used one is a manual one where we use hand scrubbers or soft brush underwater Which prevent aerosol formation or splashing? Ultrasonic devices are also present nowadays. Then we can use corrosion control and lubrication So corrosion control that is a rest inhibitor should be applied on to the non stainless steel instrument and also lubrication of instruments Should be done before steam sterilization. So water-based lubricants that contain preservatives are commonly used then we go for packaging we can Wrap it in poly film bag or The cloth wrapping nylon plastic tubing before sterilization then we keep it for sterilization The acceptor methods are autoclave that is steam pressure then chemical vapor chemical Dry heat to the known as dry cave and ethylene oxide then microwave oven and ultraviolet light So autoclave all of us know that is 15 minute a 121 degree Celsius and 15 lbs pressure There are instruments for seven minutes and 30 pounds of pressure for 134 degree Celsius And advantage is the most rapid and effective method is advantage items sensitive to temperature cannot be autoclave carbon steel tend to rest Whereas a chemical sterilization is performed in a chemical wave 131 degree Celsius 20 lbs for half an hour Carbon steel and burst are said to be sterilized without resting, but it is sensitive to elevated temperature Only dry instruments should be loaded Dry heat sterilization 160 degree Celsius for 30 minutes wrapped instruments 60 to 90 minutes around 335 to 345 Fahrenheit So short cycle high temperature dry ovens are there six minutes for unwrapped 12 minutes for wrapped Temperature 372 375 Fahrenheit So the advantage is a carbon steel instrument and burst do not rest or lose their temper or cutting edge But the problem is it is heat sensitive items will be damaged Ethylene oxide sterilization is expensive, but best method for complex instruments and delicate materials Disinfection we can use boiling water for 10 minutes then gluten add 2 to 3 percent a sodium apocrylate 1 to 5 percent each Then there will be a sterilization monitoring Stabilization indicator will be there on instrument back daily color change process We need to check And the biological sport test Also, we need to do storage after that in a sterile wrapped tray setup or in a individual sterile wrapping So that was all about The sterilization procedure So we completed this session This is a very simple session, but Operating instruments will be dealt in at this way or sometimes it is asked as a shock not so I'll come up with a new topic in the industry and more Thank you