 Module 122 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder is exhibited in a form in which the child is experienced mostly death related experiences or physical injuries sometime they experience and sometime they witness it. So, mainly we can say that if the child witness any death experience or just encountering with that experience either by himself or he see that his or her parents are experiencing those things at that time it is most likely that the child can present the post-traumatic stress disorder. Now, when we say that the child is experiencing the post-traumatic stress disorder, so this means that the child is starting to exhibit few symptoms which are related with that particular disorder. Now, what are the symptoms or the features, sometime the children report that they are experiencing nightmares related to the disorder, now sorry not related to the disorder related to the events. Now, mostly the child report that the nightmares related to that event are coming. Now, in nightmares, they either see the same event again or experience something related to that event. Now, along with this, there are many other symptoms which can be manifested, in which it can be feared that the child will be separated from his parents or it can be separated. For example, if a child has witnessed that his father has had an accident, then he might be feared that his parents might have a death or he might be away from them. Along with this, it is also possible that the event which he has experienced or witnessed, after which he has already acquired some skills, he may start forgetting them. We explain this in two ways, that is, if the child is three years old or four years old and we have given him a toiletrain or five years old, then it is possible that the toiletraining will regress from a very early stage and he will start soiling his clothes. Similarly, as I have mentioned earlier about nightmares, along with this, it is also possible that the sleep will also start disturbing him or he will not be able to sleep alone. If he can sleep, then he will sleep restlessly and he will feel that he or she is not very much like fresh after having a sleep. After that, what do these children do? Usually, there is an enactment in them, an enactment of that event. Now, how will it come that when they are playing or playing a game, they will discuss the themes related to that event in that play. So, you will also get to see these kinds of things. For example, if a child has been physically abused and he has experienced it, then the time when he will play games and if there is a cartoon character or another child will be with him, then he will try to project the same thing that he has experienced on it. Then, it is also possible that there will be some other kinds of phobias and anxieties that are developed that are not related to that event. If a child has been sexually abused, then it may be possible that he or she develops it in her own way or if a child has been locked up in a room, then after that, it may be possible that the darkness of that event develops. So, it might be possible that different kinds of phobias and anxieties start developing in that event. Similarly, all kinds of frustration related to the trauma that they face through the play, through stories and through drawings, they try to express themselves. Then, it is also possible that the children usually start reporting physical aches and pains. And sometimes it happens that if a child has been sexually abused, then certain parts of the body in which the pain was felt on that time, it is possible that the same complaint of the pain will be done later on. Along with that, in some children, irritability, agitation and aggression also starts coming. So, sometimes when a child shows irritability and aggression without any reason or shows loneliness, this also indicates that something is happening in the life of the child. Now, the important thing is that some children, like the trauma they have experienced or witnessed, they will start getting these symptoms. Some children also get these symptoms delayed. And it might be possible that after a month or after a six month, they will start getting these symptoms. So, that is why we need to be careful about these things. That if the children are getting these symptoms, which are repeatedly related to trauma, which are expressing the symptoms and the theme we are getting, then we need to find out that either some kind of traumatic event has not happened with that child. So, this is something very important. Thank you.