 So hi everyone, I'm Simon Axton. I work on our privacy and public policy team and as John said I'll be Representing Chris Kelly our chief privacy officer And so because he couldn't make it this week. He you know still wanted to present to you all so We put together a video last week That I'll play alongside alongside some slides actually. I'll probably just play the first couple minutes of the video Because we can't sort of do them concurrently here and then switch to the slides with the audio playing And then switch back to the video for sort of some closing remarks So let me go ahead and do that Hi, I'm Chris Kelly the chief privacy officer of Facebook for those of you who don't know me if you're watching this video If I'm not with you in person. It's because you know, I'm believing that parental responsibility begins at home my wife and I are just about it due date for our first child and so I am either About to become a father or I have become a father by the time that you're watching this and You know again for your responsibility begins at home. So I am at home with her and the baby. I hope by this point Again, I'm very sorry. I couldn't be there with you today But you know, we've been engaged in this process for quite some time We'll continue to be engaged in this process and Simon Axton from our team will be there in the room with you To answer any questions that may come up What I want to talk to you about today What we do at Facebook around community verification of both identity and age the activity that is actually core to a Large part of our mission because we have a principle of authenticity In the way that people interact understanding who they are and what age buckets they fit into is a critical part of this So we're going to run through four main agenda items First of all principles of Facebook and the four levels of community verification that interact Secondly community verification operation third some polling of our team Facebook users to see how they understand the site and what they see in their experience and Then finally questions that you may have and Simon from our staff is here to answer those First of all some Facebook facts would have like that We're a technology company Which means that we try to build scalable solutions using technology and using technology to reflect Social interaction as we see it on the real world We refer to ourselves as a social utility to communicate and share information Ultimately, we're trying to make the world more open and connected place But a core part of that is control and privacy over personal information We now have more than a hundred million active users worldwide and each day on the site There are more than 50 million people communicating and sharing information on Facebook Our privacy principles operating in this sphere in meeting this goal of making the world more open and connected We're trying to do it because with privacy because users do Appreciate and make choices based on sharing a personal data The constant refrain that you see in the mainstream press about when you put something on the internet It's available to everyone at Facebook We think the world could be slightly different and people can have control over the information that they want to share with others We set up rules around access to profiles and access the information within them that are actually quite sophisticated and industry-leading First of all when you create a profile you unless you join a network or begin to confirm friends Your profile is not available to other people and their profile is not available to you This confirmed verification is a critical part of the way that Facebook operates Overall these network and friend restrictions are designed to replicate real world Social connections and sharing the way that people actually share information in the real world And with whom they share information. We know that people like to share information They don't necessarily like to share it with everyone. We try to replicate those set of controls and by means of quantifying this We like to use this statistic to show that less than point one percent of Facebook Profiles are actually available to the average user and if you apply for you statistical people out there If you apply the median user the number is even smaller. It's actually quite important to stress We are not one unified social network that's everybody see every deals profile, but more than a hundred million social networks And you'll hear me say that a few times Another important principle for us is that there be accountability for the posts that you make up on it So when you post on someone's wall your name and your profile picture will go along with that post When you upload a photograph it's tied to your account this type of accountability The terms on land misuse and it works quite well as you'll see as we move throughout the process So in looking at community verification we see four levels of that. The first is authentication mainly at The time of the inception of an account, but also on an ongoing basis over time Secondly the principle of segmenting communities which actually helps that authentication over time Third we offer innovative privacy controls and technical protection and then finally we have the user operations and Investigations team which can go through all of the reports and the automated Services that bubble up potentially harmful information on Facebook and get it addressed in a timely fashion First I want to talk about authentication It cannot be stressed enough how important it is that Facebook has a real name culture instead of a screening As you see a lot of the interactions on real work, which are problematic Teenagers getting on chat rooms, etc. A lot of the problems there are driven by anonymity Not so much the internet writ large but Facebook We've always had a real name culture where your activity is tied to your account This drives better behavior online and a safer and more trusted environment at sign up at sign up rather we Enforced this real name culture with technical checks If you try to sign up with fake names common fake names will constantly building a gray list of names that aren't generally allowed Some are absolutely black and Mickey Mouse's and Donald Duck's in the world others may be more You know sort of you require you to write in your real name might be John McCain But you have to write in and get permission to create a John McCain profile in that instance We further use tokens and technological Verification for access to networks if you want to join the Stanford University Network You have to have a safer dot e-mail address if you try to add it without that you won't get on that network And then finally we have ongoing technical and community verification where people are seeing your profile as you start to interact With friends and other network members We have measures deployed to see if if how people are reacting if they're ignoring your friend requests if you are sort of confirmed as You know being the person that you say you are as I'll show in greater particularity later on and also Are you interacting with people of your own age? So there are means to take the massive amounts of data that are being generated on our site every day because of the 50 million users who are there and interacting to Determine whether or not the person is the who they say they are and are the the age that they say So the principle of segmented communities is the second thing we want to cover It cannot be stressed enough that Facebook is not one social site where if you sign up You get access to everyone's profile or they're all available in every search engine that you can imagine We're a hundred million different social networks each individual person has their own set of friends the owns their own set of Community interactions whether it be the Networks that they're a member of or the particular friends that they have these connections are based on the real world social factors You have both the real name culture But then you have the people that you're interacting with on a daily basis again people returning to the site in massive numbers And having that kind of real-world check We apply special rules for over 18s and under 18s when they join regional networks, which are probably our broadest Network, so if a user in the Chicago network if an under 18 user joins the Chicago network Their profile is actually not available to over 18 users in the Chicago network It's only under other under 18 users And then of course they have their regular friends networks as they've joined a high school network They have those interactions all to verify We'd like to say that this provides a built-in neighborhood watch program for every user on the site again Not perfect. No site. No system can ever be perfect No city in America is without a jail. No city in the world is without a jail But you and so you have to have rules and you have to enforce them But if you set rules and enforce them and you build the right culture you actually get great pro-social interaction Now another part of this is our innovative privacy controls and technical protections that we offer on the site Users control how their information is available after we apply our protective defaults There are multiple options for users to make about the reason they're unreasonable personal choices I want these friends to see this video and not these friends I you know I don't want everyone to have access to this particular piece of information even all of my friends in the profile I want a My friends in this network to have access to my cell phone number, but not a regional network Which is actually the fault we restrict access to contact information regional networks Beyond these protection defaults beyond the privacy settings that we have that are accessible easily from every page in the site We have systems one of which we call karma. We have a number of different systems But karma is a good example where if you're a user who is sending only friend or if you're 35 year old users who's sending only Friend request of 14 year olds That fact will be bubbled up by the karma system your account will be Worn in the disabled and in fact, you know, if it's the right type of case if there's any other Indication of untoward activity that could be turned over to law enforcement We have robust reporting infrastructure some of which will show later on in this presentation And then we have other systems working all the time to detect anomalous behavior on the site And we're really encouraged that more and more sites on the internet are Duplicating the controls that we've pioneered We think that this is a key part of the future of the internet is allowing people to control who has access to their personal information So let's take a look at the reporting infrastructure in particular now You'll see a slide that has a picture of family park on it, which my colleague Simon has uploaded There's a reporting link that's circled on that on that photograph And there's a message that he's tried to send to another user where the user can report and there's a link There's a An illustration of the pop-up that occurs where you can say what is the problem with this bridge into the report these Reports are reviewed very quickly So a hundred percent of nudity pornography and harassing message reports are reviewed within 24 hours And where there's a more sophisticated report something that might come in from a parent that with a fuller email We immediately respond to it Absolutely within 24 hours has been our service level commitment, and we have it resolved within 72 these service levels It's how have helped drive great behavior on the site So even when the systems that we've applied don't work at preventing all bad behavior No system works at preventing all bad behavior We can address it quickly and with committed time levels around that so thousands of accounts are disabled per week For either violation of the the the technical means that limit That that limit friend requests to be friend requests too many too much posting on the walls Approaches to non-friends those are you know those can all lead to account disables And then when we further review accounts that are bubbled up Through through these systems and through reporting links more accounts can be disabled Finally we've got the cops on the beat we have our user operation and investigations team There are further line of defense between our privacy protections and our our technical protections as they operate so user user You know operated privacy settings and the technical protections that are operating behind the scenes this team handles hundreds of thousands of user requests per week user contacts per week And addresses them with the service levels that we've talked about around the most serious events and also very good service levels Around things like I forgot my password Etc. This team works extensively in the site and they have cleanup tools that can Clean up spam attacks and other activities as people you know try to misuse and abuse the site One of the things that needs to be stressed especially especially with the site Operating at the scale that we do is that we're under constant assault from people who have tried to misuse it not so many because of these Other protections that we've deployed. We've seen a lot fewer of the classic I know it attempts to to get to kids etc. We see a lot of spam on a lot of other hacking attempts on the site And we've got tools to clean that up on those rare occasions where it sort of gets through for a time And then if there is serious abuse and particularly if there's anybody who's trying to do harm to kids our investigation team Gathers evidence works very carefully with law enforcement to address problems as they occur You know in those very rare cases that we've had to deal with serious safety incidents We're on the phone with law enforcement quickly and responsibly and working very proactively with them Now I want to give you example of community verification in action First of all you'll you see a peer verification slide for a user 13 to 17 now We don't like to get too much into the particular Tuning of all of these systems because we're worried that people may try to game it as they know more information But we're very happy to share The broad contours of how these systems work and what they do in everyday operations So when a new user 13 to 17 we used to force them all into high school networks a number of kids were being homeschooled Complained and we realized that there were ways to do community verification For homeschool networks now the school protection is a useful one and one that sort of helps in those segmented communities It is still important to us As we'll show in a minute, but you know we wanted to let more homeschooled kids on the site So we have a new system where friend requests that they sent out are accompanied with a verification question asking Whoever they they said a friend they try to send friend requests you are asked Do you know this user? Personal so if somebody tried to get on and say that they're a 14-year-old and they start sending out friend requests Every person that they send friend requests who is going to get they do you know this person personally now if When the recipient is verified in that age then they can check it if users answer that they do know that person You know a certain number of times then the account is considered pure verified and is allowed to have more activity on the site if users answer No, the account is disabled and then it requires a special review to become re-enabled in any way our customer service people would have to look at an account before it would be Re-enacted re-enabled and in most cases it's not and people were trying to do anyone harm or trying to create a fake account Abandon the account and then if there isn't verification over a certain period of time then the account is disabled automatically Looking at the also another example of this community peer verification at the start If new users sign up and try to join a high school network the people in that network as they send out friend requests are asked Does this person attend this school? Does this person currently attend this school? We also have age restrictions of somebody who is you know who is is you know, sort of not of age tries to sign up for a high school network That's also blocked so again There has to be this community and peer verification of Someone to join the high school network now for high schools that issue their own email address We use that authentication token instead providing even greater level of security So if if users answer to confirm that this person attends this high school then you know over a few confirmations that they are indeed admitted to that network if you know people say that that this person did not attend the school then the account is disabled and and like for further investigation and if again if the time passes and Subition answers haven't been granted then indeed the account is disabled So to go forward again. This is just one example of the verification means that we use We also have the reporting infrastructure that sits out there over time If someone were to sneak through and get into a particular network, there's always the report this user They don't belong in this network option. We have our automated systems Karma and other rate limits that say if you're trying to friend too many people if too many people are ignoring your friend requests Then your account can be disabled and fly for further review And then if you don't have a confirmed school email or phone number But you've gone through some of these other measures if you You know there will be periodic tests where we put up a capture a the squiggly lines that you see to prevent bots and also to you know quite frankly annoy humans who might be trying to gain systems and you know until we want more verification factors for accounts over time We thought it would be useful to wrap up with Looking at some polling data for teen users Facebook is a polling feature where you can put a request for response in users newsfeed In you know regular times in the site and you select a demographic We selected 13 to 17 and it'll show to a random set of users on on the Facebook site So it's statistically significant for Facebook users if not for all teens now the first question We asked was have you ever seen nudity on Facebook or you have never seen nudity on any other? Website other than Facebook and as you can see from the results the vast majority of users have actually not seen nudity on Facebook You know and then on other websites the majority of users had seen nudity you know sort of certainly relatively regularly and and that's an indication of the responsibility culture that we've driven and of you know And of our means of addressing inappropriate material quickly We secondly asked do you know the people you interact with on Facebook in real life? And this is probably the most astounding statistic and is a testament to the work that we've tried to do and Largely succeeded in although it's important to stress for constantly tuning these techniques and trying to improve them half of users said that they know of most of The people that they interact with on Facebook Almost another half said that they know all of the people that they interact on Facebook only 2% Indicated that they didn't know most or any of the people that they knew on Facebook We like to think that that's a pretty incredibly statistic and it's the type of Activity that we're going want to know the people that you interact with in the real world We asked these 13 to 17-year-old users also have you ever used Facebook's privacy settings to limit access to your Information and it's important to stress first of all because of our default settings We like to say 100% of our users use privacy settings on Facebook But these are the users who've gone further who've taken other action to to tweak the settings and sort of Keep their information more private now almost two-thirds reported that they've used the privacy settings So more than 70% grills and more than 50% of boys We like to think that that's a good indication that a lot of the messaging both that we've been driving and that Driven by other actors in schools is teaching kids more and more about internet safety and how to keep themselves safe As well now with all of that I'm sorry that I can't be there in person to answer your questions as Many of you know I'll be available whenever I can be as these things come up But Simon's there he's been with our company for three years now Started in user operations knows this these systems very very well And will be an able able substitute for me in answering these questions. So again, I'm sorry I couldn't be there with you today, but parental responsibility does begin at home So I'm home and we'll be with you again soon again. Thank you very much, and I'll see you in the near future I have two mics here people want to rush up to them ask questions of Simon and just a reminder This is being recorded and Teresa Polaris. You might start by telling us again who you are Yes, I'm Teresa Polaris from Polytechnic University of NYU I have found that I have been able to interact with my nieces and nephews via Facebook They never answered my emails. They certainly don't want to talk to me on the phone But I am a college professor and they all are on Facebook And I realized while you were playing your video that I almost extensively almost exclusively use Facebook to interact with my Young nieces and nephews None of them are over 21 and some of them are like 10 years of age Do you think I have been flanked in your system? That's that's a good question. I would say probably not and it's it's because we actually Monitor these interactions much more closely if they occur between non-friends than if they occur between Friends so people who've actually confirmed a relationship with the person Again also to to be clear that this karma system is something that we're sort of constantly fine-tuning And there are false positives, especially sort of in that case where an adult is contacting a minor in a legitimate way So that's really where our user operations team is kind of working to sort of sift through those flagged accounts And then sort of report any false positives or any trends in false positives back to our site integrity engineering team Which is sort of constantly again fine-tuning these systems I also want to welcome Periapt and her three of her Teen Angels who will have pride of place a little bit later But if you guys have questions or want to raise them you don't have to be limited to that Discussion Jim How do you deal with the the fact you mind just for the people who are watching to say who you are? Yes, Jim Carmichael chat safe There are groups who have malicious and Intentions who tend to if you will group together Verifying one another how would you deal with that? So again, I want to specify that actually these verification questions are only asked if the recipient of the front request or the recipient of the communication is also verified and has been on the site for some period of time and has Sort of proved him or herself to be legitimate now, of course, you know, the system is not perfect and there could be ways to game it But that's that's really where we fall back on our reporting infrastructure. We rely on You know our hundred million users 50 million daily active users to sort of report suspicious behavior So if there is you know as a small network of Users that appear to be fake who sort of associated themselves with one high school We are typically reported to that about that fact by one of our other legitimate users who is on that high school network so the reporting system really does work for those cases to sort of Catch any that might sort of fall through the cracks and kind of get around our automated systems Here you are Stephen Balkan with the Family Online Safety Institute. I can See where there could be a case to say that in the case of a Chinese dissident or a whistleblower or others Anonymity would be a very useful tool. Are you as a company against anonymity? I would say that that For sure anonymity can be useful on certain sites and certainly on the internet as a whole I would say that the the model and the approach that we've taken is again very much based on sort of a real name culture and there are ways to Certainly limit the information on Facebook that's made accessible to that's made available to other people It might not be you know, you might not be able to actually post in a public forum under some pseudonym But if you don't want to be found in search results for example If you don't want someone to be able to search for your name And find you that way you can do that through our privacy settings But we really do believe that sort of this this real name culture Kind of creates accountability on the site And that has worked for us and also makes the tool a lot more efficient for our users Others yes, please. Sorry to undense you Can you talk about how you validate the over-18 crowd and you've talked about the under-18 crowd here relative to getting more access Sure. So our Authentication systems there aren't quite as robust, but I would say that we have we have this sort of network-based architecture so if a user wants to join a Network for a company or workplace for example or wants to join a school or college or university network They actually have to sort of verify their Relationship with that network through an email address issued by that school or workplace So that's one sort of mode of verification. We also have as Chris described kind of these captures that we set up so basically If you haven't verified by one of these email addresses or also we have mobile verification So you can verify your account at any time by entering your mobile number We send an SMS and then you confirm that way If you haven't gone through one of these verification methods Then we basically will consistently show these captures and sort of Limit or at least make make more annoying the actions that you take on the site until you verify Thank You Blair Blair Richardson from Aristotle. I wanted to start out by saying that my 18 year old son is a huge fan and Multi-hour user of Facebook every every day The the question I had was really to sort of follow up on the the neighborhood watch and Community notification types of things that you've talked about That were talked about a little bit yesterday by companies like McGruff if you find out that somebody is a registered sex offender Do you then look to see who they've contacted? See if they've contacted any minors And if you do find out that they've contacted minors, do you have a policy on notifying the minor Contacting Nick mech law enforcement. Do you have a policy on how you deal with that? Yeah, so First off I should have said sort of or apologize in advance because there may there may be certain questions that I actually need To punt on and sort of talk to Chris Kelly since he's not able to join us this week and sort of get back to the group For this one I can say that sort of from my own experience in user operations basically when When someone in that group? Finds out or usually we receive through Through email report or through one of the report links on the site Notice that someone on the site is a sex offender once we're able to verify that we disable the account immediately We also do an investigation of sort of what that person's activity on the site has been We then pass that on to our security team Which is the team that's sort of responsible for Communicating with law enforcement, so we feel for these these sorts of cases We should be passing that along to them so that they can then sort of contact the the proper authorities and and sort of let them know Unfortunately, I don't know for sure whether we actually communicate with the users or the parents of the users that that person's been in Touch with on our site, but again, I can sort of check up on that Be great Simon if she don't mind if Chris does have a response There is an email list for the task force and to the extent you want to make it more public in some fashion We'll figure out how to do it. Great. Thank you. Please tell us who you are. Hi. I'm Casey I'm one of the Teen Angels and regarding peer verification for entry into networks Have you considered that that could be a tool for cyber bullying and that some kids could prevent others from getting into a legitimate Network because they're simply being malicious Yeah That's that's definitely a valid concern and I'm sure that there are cases where that's happened Typically our users are again pretty good at reporting that kind of behavior to us And also these it's it's important to remember that these verification questions only accompany friend requests So it would have to be sort of the person who was looking to get verified would have to send a friend request to To the person who then receives that question So in most cases my guess would be that they wouldn't send those friend requests to people who would who would be likely to reject them But I'm sure again that that this has happened before and When it does we just rely on user reports It's a good and helpful question and you guys were not here yesterday But there were a series of questions by the technical advisory board of some of the technology presenters saying could this be turned around as a Tool for bullying so as we talked about these peer-based solutions would be great to hear hear more from you about whether that's realistic and how we should think about them honey freed honey freed from Dartmouth College and a member of the TAB I don't know if you were here yesterday to hear the presentations, but I'm wondering if you were if there's anything you heard yesterday That you can envision incorporating into the current system that you have for identity verification age verification Filtering monitoring cyber building at all those issues Yeah, I thought sort of one of the technologies that was presented that I that is actually sort of in line I think a lot with our own peer verification system Was and I'm forgetting the name of the company now But they have a Facebook at they actually have a Facebook application And they sort of look at at the network structure and sort of look at the interactions that users are making and kind of Attempt to sort of authenticate or verify users on this assert ID assert ID. Yes. That's right So unfortunately, I haven't actually checked out the the application myself on Facebook I'll need to do that. But it does does seem sort of in line with this community verification principle that we've adopted So I mean do you mind if I use moderators prerogative and ask you a question? Sure So we heard what sounds to me like an as is description is a fair just as the task force to Say that everything that Chris just told us and you're telling us these are things that you are doing today They're in action at the moment. Yes within Facebook. That's correct Is there anything else that you can say about where you're headed to sort of directionally and sort of the following of honey's question Do you foresee using more technical tools as part of it? Are you happy where you're at? Can you give just a little bit of forecasting possibly realize that's a somewhat unfair question, but really helpful to the extent you can answer it No, I mean, I think that we've been moderately successful so far I think as Chris stressed at a couple times in the video we are sort of constantly working on these systems So both existing systems where we're sort of tweaking to Tweaking the settings to sort of make sure that they're catching all the people they need to catch and and also not Disabling people that that shouldn't be disabled So I think we're we're still sort of approaching this problem very much from sort of a technical a Technical perspective and we actually have a team of as I said site these what we call site integrity engineers who are sort of Constantly working on these systems both for user safety and also for Sort of just spam detection and spam prevention on the site and then we have this user operations group which is Working very hard and and we're sort of continually growing out that team as our user base grows to sort of keep pace So and they're they're sort of constantly other ideas being thrown around as to sort of ways to protect our users And maintain safety great and we'll go to end in one sec But just one follow-up if I might I just want to channel Bartlett of yesterday What is the biggest challenge that you guys face in the area that the task forces is dealing with them? It would be great to have just a sense of where you think things are breaking I Would say it's you know a challenge that we have is kind of enforcing Enforcing that real-name culture or at least getting across to our users that that's that's sort of how the site is meant to be used especially internationally, I would say there's some some inclination from some of our users to use the site on a sort of pseudonym or fake name basis so kind of enforcing those rules through our systems and through Through what Chris has just described I think has been has been a challenge for us and just kind of getting across The Facebook mission and sort of what what the site is used that it's a what's the site is supposed to be used for that It's a social utility For communicating with sort of real-world connections. Thank you We'll go in and then Donna Rice Hughes and I suspect there others And Collier with connect safely and a member of the task force Simon Your users tend to be pretty outspoken about what they like and don't like in the site and the tools available And I was wondering if your own users have Express the desire to have you add tools or subtract tools Are they happy with the privacy features you make available and I wonder you started to Answer this in your previous response, but maybe there are different national differences Maybe overseas people have different expectations for verification Yeah, I know I think that's a very valid point and these are things that we're certainly assessing we actually have a what we call a user insights team that is sort of doing Testing with real users and with potential users and then just sort of looking at user sentiment on the site to To kind of get a gauge or get a sense for Engage what our users what our users want from the service As far as privacy controls are concerned. I'm not sure that we've Done a huge amount in terms of kind of polling our users for what what they expect there Generally, I think users are for the most part pretty satisfied with our privacy controls And it's it's also not something that you really you necessarily join Facebook for a lot of people You know join Facebook to communicate with their friends They're they're very happy that the controls are there and they they use them often when they need to control access to their information But they're not they're certainly not as passionate about privacy necessarily as they are about You know a redesign of the site or something like that, so Right I think John Morris will be after Donna Rice Hughes But just to clarify on the data you showed us were those just us users the 500 Young people in your polls those were just us users age 13 to 17 Hi Donna Rice Hughes enough. It's enough in the back number of the task force I'm I was very impressed with the survey of how few of your users have come across nudity and Pornography or rarely come across it I'm curious as to how you're keeping that type of content off your site and how you're dealing with issues such as deep links I'm sorry such as what deep links to pornography presumably links found on your site that then Send people into other sites, right? I see yes so I Would say that probably our our 24-hour service level for reports of nudity pornography and harassing messages Is a big reason why we've been able to sort of limit that kind of content on the site You know that's we've sort of prioritized those reports above others because we feel as though they're they're the most important for user safety And I think that's and I generally our users are actually very good at reporting this content They they take a certain pride in the community themselves And when they come across things that they don't like they're quick to report them to us So I think that that's been pretty important for that as far as Deep links. I know, you know, some of these have been passed around through bots or sort of through spam on the site in public forums, and that's kind of a separate a Separate group within our site integrity engineering team. That's sort of working to clean those up along with our user operations group but we do remove sort of links to You know, obviously there's an investigation that occurs But we do remove links to pornography elsewhere on the web that sort of show up in public forums on Facebook John Morris and then Jody Simon let me go back and really kind of follow up on on some of what Anne just asked Kind of three related questions really looking a little bit more broadly than your Facebook service But looking at what other alternatives are available to users. So three questions are you know, are you aware of whether There are you know, young people out there who you've lost as users because they want a more open less restrictive environment secondly, you know, can you give a sense of what other social networking types of Sites are out there for people for young people who don't want the restrictions that that you offer and third question is Kind of are any of those sites overseas do you know Kind of broad question of where will kids go if if they don't like your service or if your service gets locked down further It's a new task force record three questions all in one. That's surprisingly John Morris is the pace-setter Thank you. And unfortunately, I don't have a great answer to these questions just because I'm not sure that a Study sort of as in depth is that has been done. Although I think it would certainly be valuable I'm sure that we have lost users because they sort of would like to be more open with their information I'm sure we've lost them to other sites. I'm not really sure what those sites are But we are sort of constantly looking at our privacy model and because our our mission is really to you know Make the world more open connected a lot more open and connected and to allow people to Sort of share the information that they want to share while while also having these privacy controls to fall back on We feel as though, you know, we could We could widen the spectrum even more, you know from from users being able to sort of hide themselves completely and only show certain information to confirmed friends to people being able to sort of Have their profile accessible to everyone, although, you know, these are these are discussions that we're constantly having and nothing has really been Jody then Larry then we'll switch over to him I'm Jody Florence with ideology you spoke about Monitoring for wall posts and pictures that you're presenting except or users are putting online How much are you doing around real-time communications like the chat? And are you doing that separately for the adult users versus the younger users? So Facebook chat is actually a pretty new feature. I think it launched just a few months ago We haven't as far as I know we haven't done a huge amount of monitoring there Or or maybe not any monitoring but There is one thing that's important to mention there and that is that chat is really only available between confirmed friends So again, there's sort of that Community verification in the form of an accepted friend request before you are able to chat with someone on Facebook for Facebook I Totally understand how high school networks college networks and company networks help protect users But I don't quite understand these community networks. So for example, I'm in Silicon Valley with Probably nearly a million of my closest friends How was that protecting me or my neighbors just simply the fact I've registered in a geographic region, right? And again, these are these are discussions that we're having at Facebook also just sort of trying to figure out What network model works best? certainly college workplace and and To a lesser extent high school networks are Probably the most sort of Or actually sorry all of those networks are pretty reflective. I would say of real real life communities and real world connections The the community networks are what we call the regional networks Probably aren't as much and actually we we sort of allow less access through those networks So for example contact information isn't exposed to other members of a regional network So that the privacy controls are a little bit more restricted in that case than they are for others But again, you know, we're sort of trying to figure out the right network model going forward. So There's that responsive these are great great great. Please join me in thanking Simon and Kristen absentia