 Tena koutou, tena koutou katoa, ko whaka kahu te monga, ko wai kato te awa, te ko poko kane, te marae, ko Brenda taku ingua. Nau mai haremai. Hai, I'm Brenda and that was Amihi. I just introduced myself and said who I am and where I'm from in Te Reo Māori. I am here, I work for a company named Ravid. This is us, it's Ravid, just like the disease. When I explained the company name. I've worked there about six months and they're a great fun little start-up in Wellington that uses a lot of open source and contributes to open source. So I want to give some warnings on this talk because it is about a very horrible day and I've done my best to make this a talk that someone who was in Canterbury that day can sit through comfortably. I've tried my best. I'm going to talk about the software and the open source community response and not about the worst parts of this disaster. But I do have one slide. This is when it was, it was the 22nd of February and it was the middle of lunchtime and it was bad. So in the narrative that I've got here that what happened was the quake struck and people by and large flocked to social media to ask these questions. The first thing that people posted was I am OK. So with one update to Facebook, Twitter, whatever, they could tell hundreds of people instead of sending individual messages like they would have had to do a few years before. So Twitter was flooded with these. I remember being very annoyed at a cousin who didn't update her Facebook for two weeks saying that she was OK. We didn't quite know. But for those that did update it was great. Further away in Wellington there was a whole lot of, was that an earthquake? We weren't quite sure. We kind of felt very little. Followed by, wow, something's happened and a whole lot of are you OK? So it was a big confusing mess followed by where is person who was not responded. Social media was just on the verge of being common. I don't think we'd had any mainstream media stories about a celebrity tweeting something horrible happening. It was not a thing that a lot of middle New Zealand or whatever you want to call it these days was not aware of what social media was but there still was many thousands of New Zealanders who did use social media. Most of the interactions that were with social media at this time were using the web browser and the SMS interface. When I did a rehearsal of this talk people said, I didn't even know Twitter had an SMS interface. It used to be that when it was a new thing people would go out. When you're out with your phone your only interface was SMS. You'd send an update of, I saw a monkey running in the street, whatever you'd send it by SMS to Twitter and you'd also receive a few back. So that was the traditional interface and although that had died out by 2011 people rediscovered it about then because it was a really good interface in this scenario. And I think the bulk of people still had dumb phones. I had a smartphone in about 2009 but I'm a techie nerd person who gets free phones from Google. Most people didn't have phones. So SMS was king on the day and the older dumb phone protocols but there were some smartphones out there. This is only really interesting because Google Buzz actually was significant in the quake. I don't know, it doesn't exist anymore, I assume. I haven't seen it for so long. But it had integration with Google Maps. People could, from their Google Maps, turn on the buzz layer and see things that were going on. So we had a little spike of usage of this thing and then no more. Hashtags came out. So at the time of the quake it was no common idea of what hashtag to use at all. So all these popped up all over. And people started to send questions to Twitter. They couldn't find this kind of information from the authorities. So they asked Twitter. So these were the kind of questions we were getting and people who were on Twitter started responding. People wanted petrol to get out of town. Diesel was all there was and no you can't buy petrol, it's for ambulances. So we were finding out who will sell petrol and replying to people who were using just the SMS interface and then those people got out of town. The official info from government departments was a very small overwork team. We didn't quite realise it at the time, the conditions that they were working under. They were based in the art gallery, which is in the red zone, which is a terrible commute to work. They were there for weeks from the state onwards. They were overworked and everything was running off generators and it was mobile. Red zone is an area of the central city of Christchurch. I don't think on that day was cordoned off, but eventually was cordoned off that you couldn't go in. Everyone knew this terminology red zone from the prior earthquake in September. Where they had cordoned it off and then taken it away and they did this again a few days. So the people... I'm trying to not talk too much about this scenario in Christchurch, but it was the fenced off area and all sorts of politics and good and bad ensued. We'll move on from that though. So they were under a stress. I'm putting this in because they appear in my story quite a bit, but we need to give them all some sympathy because of the conditions that they were working under. And we later learned, this is a tweet from March, that all those websites that the council had put up, that kept falling over, were run in server rooms in Christchurch in the red zone off generators from the internet connection there. Apart from this tweet, they also started instructing people to use a web proxy to access their website in order to convince their CDN that you're not in New Zealand, and therefore you would not use their server. They really couldn't get the info out. So this is still the day of the quake. And what we did have is a bunch of New Zealand volunteers who knew each other, a very small number, from the Queensland flood crisis response. A flood is a very different disaster to an earthquake, but they had the contacts. Tim McNamara was the New Zealander most prominently involved in the Christchurch... Sorry, in the Queensland response. So Christchurch Commons had standby volunteers, but only one New Zealander among them, which was Tim. And the chosen communication channel was Skype. Okay, Skype, closed source piece of software. It was free. It was multi-platform. So this was important. We had a lot of volunteers who were using Linux at this time, and Mac and Windows, so it worked on multi-platforms. And we weren't using the voice, we were using the text. But it was awful. Skype was totally awful to use as a communications channel. It drained batteries on laptops really fast. Skype has a feature, I believe, where it proxies for other people if they can't connect, and that was going on and people's batteries were dying. I don't think there was a mobile client at the time, maybe it just wasn't well known. And every time I reconnected, it would replay 20,000 messages that I'd missed. That's the feature of their text conversations, and I'd have to wait 30 minutes before I could actually have a conversation. So about an hour after the quake, various independent open source techie people around the country started building things. They joined together into groups of two or three and started just doing things. All these things I mentioned here started to pop up. The couch apps were really cool. I was really impressed with the speed at which some of people who could build an app based on couch were just tuning things out. And there were so many WordPress installs, which they were installations on servers, and as soon as they became popular, they fell over, unfortunately, so they weren't actually a very good solution. But couch apps seemed to do really well. This is a couch app that someone built within an hour of the quake. It was built by Miles Thompson, who I believe works for Scoop, and it was the idea that you tweet a thing that you need and someone tweets that they have it. And it was just joining them up. It's still live today, and he built it really fast. So within 60 minutes of the quake, he had this thing up and running and live feeds of requests and offers. This is then later at 3.15pm, Catalyst IT in Wellington decided to fund multiple staff to work on earthquake response. We weren't quite sure what that meant. I worked there at the time, but they had said, we'll do it. The first thing that came out, I believe, was a shortcode responder. How many people remember? Shortcodes were a thing for a while. A shortcode is a phone number that's three or four digits long. You may have seen it if you vote for NZ Idol or something like that, and it's on and off an island somewhere. So you text to it, usually you get charged $2, $5, whatever voting cost these days. And so we... Some people I worked with built this really fast using these technologies and just threw it out. We had a shortcode spear, meaning it was for our staging system. It was... Sorry? It was my dev. It was our staging dev shortcode, and it was free and it was connected to all the telcos, so we wired it up. And so people could start sending in both requests for non-urgent help and offers and info. So all three telcos had it zero rated. And this was cool. We managed to get all the telcos. There were three at the time. I don't know if two degrees was a phenomenon at the time. I remember there being telecon voter phone at their own SMS centre. So they were relevant. They were there. I believe that they also... They started to advertise to people if you have things to offer or you have inquiries. You can send to this SMS code. So this was a massive amount of red tape cutting. All the telcos trusting this crowd of people gathered at an IT tech firm in Wellington. Advertising them as a place to get some help. So by 5pm the short code responder was in action. People were processing messages off the queue. And it was being advertised on Twitter and by word of mouth in Christchurch. And retweeted of course. And then all these reports started to come in and we had a little web app where you just processed the message. Not long after this really good question from Julie Starr. She's a tech reporter. She asked this question. In my research I think this is what triggered a lot of what happened after. She asked this really good question. Is anyone actually aggregating all this information we're getting out of Christchurch? And then we realised well civil defence is not. And I don't... I'm not going to go into why and how and what I think of that. But they did not have modern systems. They had nothing ready to go. And even though they were offers. So here's LP. She did some Katrina hurricane recovery response. Wrote some open source there. Offered it to civil defence in other departments. Even offered it for free. And just couldn't get through the red tape. So we're like okay we'll do it. But if civil defence isn't doing this we'll do it. Meanwhile, completely independently an organisation called crisis commons spun up a map for us. They called it a crowd map. And they put it on their server. And they said everybody come will crowdsource it. And then they said hey it's open source. If you'd rather run it yourself come get it. Not long after that we ran the server and we thought okay we can run this better. And basically we did this. We formed crisis vultron. Everybody had different things, different aspects that they could bring. And we all got together and we did it. So the piece of software that we used, the open source software that is the bulk of my talk is a thing called Ushahidi. Swahili for testimony. I hope I'm pronouncing it correctly. It was produced for election violence in Kenya. So they were mapping where the violence was happening. From messages coming in mostly out of Twitter. But it was quite a generic piece of code that we could use. And it had a big button to crowdsource. So I had to research to find these screenshots. Sorry about the quality here. But this is out of the box when we pointed it at Christchurch. So there's a big green button at the top saying submit a report. And we turned on moderation. We had volunteers who were reading it. And that we would correct the grammar, we would verify a few things because sometimes people pass information that's third or fourth hand. So a report saying that if you need food it's like 6pm at night. People are hungry. This bakery is giving out free food. So we called the bakery and said, hey, is it true? We go, yeah. And so we put it up. So that was the kind information we were putting up pretty quickly. It's worth mentioning about this time Google put up their own people finder application which I don't know that that got a huge amount of usage but it did exist and came up quickly. So we moved into New Zealand control. We didn't move it to New Zealand. We moved it to EC2 under one of the volunteers accounts and he put his credit card in and paid for an EC2 cluster that then got all the traffic in the world. Brave guy. We did a hack fest out of it. We turned it black and red Canterbury colours and mobile. Mobile was a thing that this thing didn't really do mobile very well and we realised that people were actually looking at it with smartphones and they wanted to get their information in the way that they could. Their desktop computers at home couldn't get to this. There was no power but their phones good. So here's a screenshot I found. That's what it looked like after we'd been at it. So you can see that you could filter it into any category. You could zoom into your street and see what's going on and you can send things. So this is still the day of the quake and it's 8pm now. So we've built this whole thing. I'm quite proud of what the team did on short notice. People who weren't a team before lunchtime. We had formed Voltron and it formed all these things and by 8pm two more Ushahedis appear and we thought this was all a bit silly. We were having three separate maps. So we worked our contacts here, there and everywhere and said hey, why are you making another one? We want to put it on our website. So we did another hackfest that night and made it embeddable. So you could embed our map on another site. By morning Herald and Stuff had both embedded our map. Within 24 hours they had become a group of people who really know each other an authoritative source on the front page of the Herald. The next day, I believe it was the next day this is all a bit fuzzy but Christchurch City Council made a word press it was really, really slow and people were trying to find out is my water safe to drink and they were paging through pages of blog posts that weren't it didn't really help. So I think the success of ours was our use of maps people could actually go into their area and find out if their area had information instead of paging through an entire region's word press installation trying to find info. So I think our UI was respectful of how much time people had and we had an army of volunteers forming mostly in Wellington and a few remote who were willing to put all the effort in to make it easy. Councils were hit really hard by this earthquake they had some really confusing information up the doozy I found was big giant triumphant press release saying the water is now safe to drink after that earthquake and they meant September and now none of us had any idea if that meant now. So a person had gone there in a hurry and not noticed the date or there was no date to drink when it was not. The staff were under extreme pressure I don't know what their process was to update their Lotus Notes website somewhere but they weren't able to. Civil Defence meanwhile only had official info so the kind of reports that we had mapped would never be on a Civil Defence site they would never be like places giving out free bread would not be on a City Council website not an official one. They had Lotus Notes based website and they fell over a few days after the quake. There was a long planned attack by Anonymous as a protest of the DIA filter that I don't know how you stop an anonymous protest because who's the leader anyway but they went ahead and they took out DIA's web server they tore down a poster put up by the DIA basically to protest it and it's co-hosted with Civil Defence so Civil Defence fell over their website fell over which is unfortunate for them it's not really a sign of them doing it wrong so we had the EC2 hosted it's a lamp application Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP it never went down to the best of my knowledge it was elastic, it goes bigger and just charges you more so we made contact and reassured some authorities that we were not cowboys I'm not really sure what they were afraid of us doing basically I think they were afraid we would publish a thing that wasn't true I will mention there are some people who will not talk to me today because I was involved in this effort and they felt that that was their job to do an effort like this but they didn't do it the job so I don't know so here's some numbers by the next day we had this many reports 78,000 page impressions within 24 hours is pretty good I don't know how many of those were Christchurch and how many of them were Gawkers so meanwhile in the Skype chat we had 100 plus people chatting at any moment on important things but every time I tried to use it it would be replaying replaying replaying so the nerdier ones among us started an IRC channel to have conversations but unfortunately IRC doesn't really work for many of the volunteers who turned up on that day were holding their hands through configuring an IRC client with a port and here's SSL and all this would not have worked with many of our volunteers so Skype was the answer maybe these days you'd use Slack but I don't know that there's an open source thing that is ubiquitous and common and doesn't require a bit of preconfigured knowledge these days so there's a gap there for future crisis and it was cross-platform it worked on people's iPhones it worked everywhere so about this second or third day we all started to settle on these two hashtags so we registered a domain name that was easy to remember on the next day and we pointed it at the website and then we realised that a lot of the information and the requests for help were coming from Twitter so we wired up Twitter to be just like that shortcode so someone could send the rotors blocked at X on Twitter and we would put it on the map so we had all these people who'd heard that we'd built a thing and they'd heard about us through Heald and stuff and they'd say what can I do I want to do anything so most of New Zealand just wanted to do something to help and we ran a volunteer training in Catalyst's training room and out of that we ended up with shift so there were people 10 people at times were taking a shift to process the queue and we had all these people coming 24-7 I believe it was and it didn't take much training so these companies Telecom and Catalyst both offered a lot of paid staff full-time working on it a whole lot of small companies also did the same and there were many self-employed people who stopped what they were doing and came and worked on processing the queue and putting the reports up a couple of companies in Switzerland and Google Switzerland did the night shift for us they started taking reports over night and mapping them and they actually had an entire hack-fest at Google hosted in Switzerland and they were doing our code deploys for us at night too so we could stay sleeping so the thing that was we were successful and useful to Canterbury from my interviewing people who used it was the map maps were a new thing and all the government people who could have filled this space were not very good at maps they hadn't done this they hadn't invested it they have now but at that time they had not and authorities are very cautious of publishing something they haven't triple verified so we had a lot of people were offering water from bores here there and everywhere and the council was not publishing that also the council websites did not work on mobile they would just scroll off the screen off the screen and they touched it to scroll they would pop up a do not steal my images pop up some of them that was the district council or health board maybe there were all sorts of things and they weren't updating I think just this web updating the website was low on their list that week but meanwhile telecom a vodafone I believe probably 2 degrees gave free mobile traffic to people in Christchurch so that once again just for a day or two I think massively increased it so the councils were not functioning perhaps they were but not in this area and there were yet more the water is safe to drink was very common all over the websites but the date was very old so we mapped the location of water where telecom had put a car that would charge your phone coming round and it would go from neighbourhood to neighbourhood ATMs that were working petrol stations operating and done that sorry and then the next day we started to do automated scripts so we realised that there was a water truck delivery schedule and we automated reading that and pushing it in so we had all the information on the official sites and the unofficial all in one place and we became a well oiled machine of just processing, processing, processing which you wouldn't know if there was a fish and chip shop opened we had it people were bringing bouncy castles to go to the park this is an important service if you're in a war zone in the park there were places where children to play and relax and we mapped that whereas other places didn't your Tim Kong Chris to him for managing all our volunteers and eventually we gave out logins so people didn't need to be moderated so all the banks had a login and all the banks were maintaining really up to date info of which ATMs had cash left which ones were empty, which ones were broken and they were updating at 3-4 times a day and it was all the banks this is a query that I remember working on just as an example I parked my car at place in the red zone it's not there where do I get it and I rang round and I found her car it was in turn of car option and then I knew the answer for future queries like that your car is here there were lots of neighbours offering barbecues because you want to cook and your kitchen is a mess yeah mess doesn't begin to sat neighbours had barbecues there were neighbours with spa pools said it's full of water come get water if you want water you don't want to drink it but I don't know and I didn't even know this but everyone in Christchurch knows this now if you've got a toilet with a hole in your backyard put lime on top to get the smell out to cover it up I was updating every day which places still had lime that you could buy this is a thing I learnt from it power structures like to talk to power structures this is a Nat Talkington quote from when I asked him for his version of events and we didn't really have one so we kind of presented one that wasn't but we used words that reassured government officials that there was a power structure when there really wasn't we didn't have an org chart of our group of volunteers we just did it and so the government departments didn't talk to us the one exception was the geospatial office so the New Zealand geospatial office there's kind of a link there tentatively with our mapping they organised a meeting I just didn't attend this one and they brought in people from all the departments to come find out what we are and who we are and why are we allowed to do this and what came out of that meeting is big chunk of the officials became volunteers for us so they either on company government department time or in their evenings started updating the info for us so that took the burden off they had the knowledge of how to verify things that we didn't so it was good this is a little event that happened on this side with the same team the Red Cross website fell over so the Red Cross did a lot of the on the ground work and they were unable to accept donations and right in the moment when people were likely to send the money and they needed it to operate it was a MySQL related era and we managed to find people who wrote MySQL to come and help them fix it so it was this little thing where these people from the internet would like to help you Red Cross and how did we convince them that we could help them we wrote the software that you use which really helped so we got people in it was a silly era it was just one page in their website if someone visited it the whole website locked up it locked all the tables across all their records for minutes after anyone visited it so people would be thinking they'd fixed it and it would just stop so eventually we fixed it my next slide is a grumpy slide so I wanted it really fast there was a computer world article about us fixing the Red Cross and the Red Cross took credit as if we weren't there as if they'd fixed it and that unfortunately it really annoyed some of the volunteers who had spent many hours diagnosing their problem for them they wrote a story about how clever they were in fixing it that day but that added some very tired volunteers but generally there was a very much just do it atmosphere if you think you've got an idea just go do it no one pulled rank that day that I'm aware of it just happened and people would build things and then just tell people they've done it we had an amazing network of the New Zealand tech community is really well connected and everyone buys tech so my technique for if I needed to contact a place be it a bank or a telco or anywhere I would who is their website find the technical contact half the time I would recognise the name or the company use some network to find the techie and get the techie to go say hey could you do a thing and that technique worked really well yeah so it wasn't so much to get to people catalyst need a lot of credit for there they funded staff for weeks processing this queue everyone from coders working on new things to getting the project managers to go process the queue they worked on there was a catalyst person on every shift they worked on every inquiry in some way info and they waited through there were so many manual retweets that we had to wade through to get to actual original content and they were weeding that all out Victoria University offered space for volunteers to use the computers and use the training they also sent their search and rescue team Google amended their search results so we were first result for Christchurch they can do that optimal usability also hosted a training for us they put a link to our site in their earthquake resources Fair Go did a thing on us which was really quite cool to see the student volunteer army we did a partnership with them we were in really good contact they were mostly university students with shovels who went and dug the dirt out of people's driveways this usual symbol or took food to people who were house bound they were the volunteer army the project was interviewed on TV3 news the staff became our volunteers TV3 were all over Christchurch reporting and they would have info and as well as reporting it they would update on our website directly for us which was sweet eventually internal affairs did promote us on their twitter which was cool and Google as well as making the first result actually put a link on their landing page a few days later internet NZ funded Tim McNamara to go to Christchurch so we were building all these things and not really sure what people on the ground thought of it we were doing it right, we were doing it wrong so we sent him to go make local connections what came out of that was the printable maps so we made it that you could actually press print so we didn't realise until then that you couldn't print these maps so we made printable versions and then we handed them out all over the eastern suburbs who I believe were the worst hit long term we got to 100,000 visits within a week and time went by and the days started to turn into weeks the search and rescue had ended the focus was now not on the immediate crisis but it was on how do we support the people who have stayed in Canterbury so we continued to map the data but we didn't have the shifts anymore it was normal communication channels resumed so we were coming out of the worst of the crisis and we saw that usage was dropping off so I felt like I and these people that I was now working with had built this amazing thing what can we make of it now and I had to express those feelings this is the thing and you've accomplished it so we had 130,000 front page things over the three weeks and we decided we will declare mission accomplished so we had done what we'd set out to do and it was time to wrap up and also we were tired of the shifts I guess because it wasn't as necessary now so what we did at the end is we redirected it's an HTML link redirect to canterburyearthquake.org.nz which I believe is run by multiple councils so they built their own map and now they have one we reconfigured the short code for the student volunteer army to use so they could start to communicate with the volunteers and coordinate them without paying a lot of money and then we passed anonymised copy to researchers these are reports from real users so we had to remove all links to them so what was really cool was we were quite pragmatic we went to open source we were using Skype because that's what people turned up wanted to use and it worked we used lamp, we didn't fluff with licenses closed or open wasn't important as important as cross-platform but they tended to be the same thing the fact that we could modify it within hours of the quake was the thing that made us settle on open source and I found that the people in 2011 from open source backgrounds knew what Git was whereas the people from other environments were like some Microsoft thing that you can't really cross-code share so I found that people who turned up and there were many the closed source backgrounds and the Microsoft platforms didn't know how to work in a team like this so we weren't able to use their contributions I found that many of them couldn't even install a web server because someone else does that our code went upstream into Ushahiri so the mobile and the ability to theme and ability to embed and Japan had an earthquake shortly after and they were used our code so it wasn't a fork for very long and Libya had a crisis too I wish we could do a better job with government agencies I mentioned a couple of burn bridges there and I wish that the credit taking didn't happen but I really want to have a good relationship with these authorities so if a quake happens today we can still work together my slides got marked up these days you would have to support tablets we'd probably use EC2 again it was on wiped out bill which was like thank you it was many hundreds of thousands and there's Insta provisioned in the crowd crowd map in the cloud I don't know if we'd use that because we wouldn't have been able to modify it that day but give it a go and phones now have low power modes that they didn't have in 2011 so I think we'd have to work around my phone I can put it in a mode and it will last 20 days so it would be like that today the same software is used you can go see BBC reports of violence in Syria right now if you want to look at that and SMS as an API was great we had most of our contributors did not write code and they're really awesome I love contributors like that they were great and people who care will form crisis Voltron is what I learned from that here's a big slide of people to thank my name is in there because I copy pasted it from somewhere but all these people and I'm really curious how many people here contributed to that there's a few here how many people here used it there's people okay cool that's the end of my talk so do I have time for questions okay yes Simon I've had fun with Government in areas like this do you you seem quite pessimistic at the end that Government's not getting much better do you think there's a way forward or should we be how could we be how could we make it how could we make it sorry I think I get the gist of your question I think that a group of volunteers without a command chain and press scrutiny can always be more nimble than the Government will ever be so I suspect we will be more nimble I also think that civil defences and other authorities are in a much better place than they were I think they were embarrassed a little which is part of the behaviour we saw embarrassed that we did better and this has inspired them that's great inspiration to do better next time over there I just want to ignore how to ask a question to any of the conference and just say that as someone who knew some people who were helped out massively by what you guys did thanks including a couple who are now drinking in Valhalla so but I was going to echo Simon's question and basically ask I'm noticing a common point in Eben's talk, in Bob's talk this morning and now listening to you talking about how Government seems to just get in the way more than it ever helps what Simon I think was asking is do you ever think they will be better than a group of volunteers at it I think we could draw a Venn Diagram of who actually helped that day and there is an intersection of people who actually worked for councils and were working on our project at the same time so I don't know that they'd ever be better because they have like I say command chains that they don't want to skip I like to think if an earthquake struck today that all these councils would do better that web would be a high priority for where you send your information you're not sending it to the newspaper for reading the next day that they would put it on their Twitter that they would put it on their Facebook they wouldn't be hosting their website in a red zone generator server room all these things that they'd learnt from and I just think the technology wasn't a big priority for these places it's civil defence wasn't even a spending priority before the Canterbury earthquake not that I could see Hello I was I come from Christchurch I was there at the time and if I had known about this I would have leapt in have you sort of looked at better ways of getting the word out to geeks like me that I was on the western side of the city I could have jumped in with beaks and all but I didn't know about it maybe the physical looked at other ways of getting the word out what channels were open to you in the two or three days after the quake what communications were even open I was on the western side of the city I had power back within four hours and we had running water but it wasn't safe but we were pretty good on the outside of the city it took a couple of days to get it up on Harold it was Harold and stuff had something up and it took a couple of days to get to the front page but yeah I'm not sure the communications channels fall over in these scenarios but I'm not from Canterbury it's probably not a question for me Dave Brenda, thanks very much for that I was really fascinating as someone who was in the thick of it on the east side of Christchurch without any mobile coverage because the cell towers had been killed by a falling building and there was no electricity for a few weeks we were very grateful we heard through the grapevine about what you guys were doing and I just want to say thanks again to you and the whole team because it was really great to know that you guys were batting for us in fact it had a lot to do with the fact that I wanted to sell my company to Catalyst which thankfully subsequently happened any time Dave any more questions or comments is there any sort of follow on work for apps that people could put on their mobile devices for example that can get them pre-primed before the emergency happens because as we found out once the emergency happens nobody wants to change anything they're too busy fixing their broken crap there's things like serval mesh for phones and stuff that we didn't have then Auckland City Council Auckland Civil Defence have a thing for smartphones that will tell you about events like there's a tsunami coming but that's not the same at all that you're asking this is not the triple one style thing this is the where can I find fish and chips where can I find food I was thinking along those of distributed apps infrastructure I think what I learnt from that is if you fall back to SMS and web that's better and especially with the low power modes but a low power mode Android app would be quite cool but I'm not sure Christ is common still exist and they do have a lot of projects on there they may have this they certainly deal with a lot of wars more than earthquakes but they have it let's hope we don't have one of those because once you have an actual disaster the the kind of attitude you have towards your technology changes very quickly so when I'm going about my normal day I don't want my phone tracking and telling everyone where I am I don't want my phone sharing my data in an open access point but the minute we have an actual disaster I want both of those things to happen so I'm speaking to people looking at apps to say when all my settings from my normal mode to I've had a disaster now I want to share if I've got data and no one else around me has I want to be able to share that I want to be able to share my location with anyone who wants and that sort of stuff We did this work because the earthquake happened it's not like we would have done funded 20 plus employees for weeks to work on a thing if this earthquake hadn't happened it was the people funded to work 40 hours a week on an application is hugely valuable and amazing things come out the other end so doing that practically would be very hard and it would be very hard to predict what year and what technology the event that this is going to be used for when I wrote this the more I realised that things we did then we wouldn't do now because things have moved on so what we wrote was perfectly tailored to that event and it was people who were available because the event happened This will be the last question To answer the civil project that Paul Gardiner-Steven has spoken about before is they're working on a mesh network to run low power over the most codecs they can and basically that will on-send messages you've got a message to send to someone I've got enough power to write it OK, I've written my message there was a phone over there on the mesh network that received it when someone else is online that will send it further and it will propagate and hopefully get to who it needs to get to but they will, as power goes on it will propagate messages and we've played with it here at conference before and it's gone very well so they're still working I think that's it for questions Thank you everybody for everyone