 The next important topic is use of confidential material in research purposes. There are the few guidelines which are being provided to therapists to consider strictly while including the case study of their clients in the teaching. Students of psychology may have an idea that when students are doing internship in a hospital setting and you are given different cases to prepare and after preparing the case, the cases are presented in the conference hall. When those cases are presented, that should be presented in a way that no confidential material should be displayed there. Whether we are doing it for teaching purposes, research purposes or we are doing it in any document which can be in the form of publication for the general public or a researcher's community. So, it is important to present those cases in such a way that no individual or client is identifiable. The following identifiers should be removed or altered when preparing material for release or discussion in public statement, teaching or research. Whether they are doing it for the conference or we are presenting the case for discussion and taking comments from the experts or we are presenting it in the form of publication. Names should never be displayed. Rather, mostly when we do surveys or when we do interviews with a client or we do semi-structured interviews with them, we do not ask their names and we put their fake quotes. Geographical subdivisions smaller than a state through the initial three digits of a zip code can be used. Here in Pakistan, zip codes are not used in such a way that every individual has information about it. So, we can distribute it in a large sector of a province such as North Punjab or South Punjab or we can differentiate it in such a way that we are presenting data from a south or west geographical region. Any dates except years. Any specific date can be an identifier. That is why dates are never mentioned. For example, someone's date of birth or the manifestation of their illness when did it start? Directly related to individuals. And then telephone number, fax, social security, medical records, health plan, account or medical device identification or license numbers. So, these are the identifiers which must be removed before presentation of any cases. Email addresses, web, universal resource locators, URLS and IP addresses. So, these are all the things that can easily track any individual's information. I remember once a student has brought a case to me which was a case study where he used all the identifiers on his own. But when I reached at appendixes, I have seen that there he had put some pictures of the burn victims. When I saw them, I told him in my full report that he didn't talk about it. And at the end of the lectures, you have just given the pictures of those burn victims. So, this is a breach of confidentiality. When I have seen the complete whole document minutely, I have come to know that he had given the name of the organization that he collected data from. In this kind of situation, even you are giving the name of the organization, you are giving pictures of people. So, that is something which you can easily track that an individual is who he is, where he belongs, where the organization works. You can easily reach out to those individuals who were the burn victims in this case. So, to remove such identifiers and to tell them about it, all the students of psychology are very pivotal so that in any research publication, in any case presentation, this mistake should not be done. Biometric identifiers including finger and voice prints, which are sensitive information, sometimes you have this information there. In case photographic or comparable images, any other unique identifying number, characteristics or code, any such thing, which is easy to access or reach out to individuals, which is very important to remove if there is any such information. In some circumstances, in accordance with legal and regulatory requirements, the psychologist may consider the method for notifying clients about change in the custody of their record. Sometimes, in such situations that after removing the identifiers in the records, it is coded like this. So, the client is also informed that a fake code is being identified for your personal information that a fake code has been assigned to you so that your identity cannot be revealed. The purpose of telling this is that at any time, if that therapist is not there, that mental health professional is not there, but his record is there and the client wants to access something from it, then he can personally retrieve his code number and his information. So, this is how we can use the confidential material in research and teaching purposes.