 Welcome back to our meds smarter lecture series where we're taking a smarter approach to preparing future physician Before we get started if you'll take just a quick minute and click that like button and also Subscribe and turn the bell on so that you'll be notified when we post new videos Let's continue on with our discussion of gram-negative organisms and discuss your Sinia enter a colitica your Sinia is a gram negative pleomorphic rod and coxobacillus that is often transmitted in pet feces Contaminated milk or pork it can cause bloody diarrhea pseudo appendicitis or reactive arthritis in adults Let's go back here. What is pseudo appendicitis? So pseudo appendicitis is where you're gonna have that right lower quadrant pain But it's gonna be due to a mesenteric adenitis And around the terminal ilium or in the proximal colon Typically, this is going to mimic signs and symptoms of appendicitis However, it is not actually appendicitis Because of it is not affecting the appendix another gram negative bacteria that we can talk about is a class in and of itself And those are lactose fermenting enteric bacteria. So what does that mean that they're lactose fermenting? Well Lactose is what helps them grow so they grow upon the fermentation of lactose And how we know that they do that is we use macaques auger and the macaques auger will turn pink If there's a lactose fermenter on that particular auger plate So as you can see here down the middle here, we have lactose fermenters on the left and non lactose fermenters on the right We can also use EMB auger and those lactose fermenters will grow kind of purple and black colors If they are lactose fermenter on the EMB auger On a regular plate, you will see E. Coli actually grows with a green sheen to it, which is very characteristic of E. Coli So what are examples of these lactose fermenting enteric bacteria? Well, we just mentioned one specifically E. Coli E. Coli produces beta-galactose sidease which breaks down the lactose into glucose and galactose. So there's our lactose fermenting Another one is intro bacteria and then finally club CLA is another example of these lactose fermenting enteric bacteria So let's look at some of those particular lactose fermenting bacteria a little bit closer Let's start with E. Coli, which is a gram negative Indole positive rod Indole positive so an indole test which you can see here in this particular test tube is a Biochemical test that we use to determine if an organism can convert tryptophan into indole if it does convert it It will turn pink like we see in that particular test tube So when we see that test come back positive, we have an indole positive and it is a rod I'll show you a picture of that here in just a minute So what causes the virulence of E. Coli? Well first and foremost the fembrae can lead us to cystitis and pilonophritis that allows the E. Coli to actually climb up the urinary tract and infect the Urinary tract bladder upwards of the kidneys. It has a K capsule that can give us a Possibility of causing pneumonia that K capsule also can lead us to neonatal meningitis So that's all due to the K capsule And then it has a Lipopolysaccharide endotoxin and that can give us septic shock with E. Coli a Particular thing about E. Coli that makes it very very lentils. It does rapidly Reproduce itself. I'm gonna show you a quick image here that is going to show its Multiple divisions and one cell divides the two then those two will divide become four the four will divide become eight The eight divide become sixteen and so forth and you can see how quickly over about a five-hour period This E. Coli has went from one Individual bacteria into a huge amount of bacteria that are present As you see here after about an hour we've got about four and then it goes exponentially We're not three hours four hours Five hours and as you can see there it got to a very very large state and it blew up very fast I'm gonna let go one more time here There at the very end you can see that it just room went quickly You can go back and watch that again if you want to If you found this material helpful for your studying Please like and consider subscribing to the channel also share this video so that more people can benefit from it Like you have