 The paper reports a national survey in Australia that explored public attitudes towards sharing government health data with the private sector for research and development of therapeutic drugs and medical devices. The results showed that just over half of the respondents were willing to share their data, with slightly more in favour of sharing for research and development than improving health services. There was a preference for opt-in consent and broad support for placing conditions on sharing health information with private companies. However, there were significant concerns about how well the private sector would manage government health data and doubts about their capacity to do so safely. The paper concludes that addressing public concern about sharing government health data with the private sector will require more and better engagement to build community understanding about how agencies can collect, share, protect, and use their personal data. This article was authored by Annette Bronnack-Mayer, Belinda Fabrianesi, Jackie Street, and others.