 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel explore education. I am Dr. Rashmi Singh assistant professor department of education as it's kind of all three boys University of Allahabad and This time I'm going to discuss with you all the topic that is development of secondary education in India in post independence Prior to this I have already discussed with you the development of secondary education in India in pre independence period. Okay, let's start Bad boy, we started with the space and we came at the end in nineteen seventies In the class, your sergeant report in nineteen fourteen before that, your subcommittee report, all the things have happened to you Now, as soon as India is free, Tara Chan committee is sitting in the forties in nineteen forties In nineteen forties, the committee appointed Dr. Tara Chandi, then educational advisor, Dr. Tara Chan was a Shaq Sheik advisor Government of India and he was chairperson, that's why this committee was named Tara Chan committee There were some recommendations for him. Secondary schools must be multi-purpose to cater for the various needs of the pupils Every committee, every commission is saying that education is being educated in a way that you can do it very well So that the students can have various requirements in this committee There shall be one major examination and determination of the secondary stage in school They are saying that when the termination of the exam, i.e. the 12th board or the 12th examination, there should be a major examination That's what Tara Chan committee said And they said that the salary and the other service conditions of the teachers should be as recommended by CAVE Central advisory board of education, that's why it's called CAVE They said that the teachers' service conditions and salary should be the same as what CAVE has recommended Then you should know that Tara Chan committee gave recommendations That you should make an exclusively education commission for secondary education In the morning, your secondary education commission comes The Mudaliya commission, Lakshman Swamy Mudaliya was a chairman He was the vice chancellor of Madras University And the commission was instructed to check the prevailing education system It was given responsibility and responsibility You can see what is the status of secondary education in RISH And you can tell us how it can be improved So the recommendation was to recognize the educational pattern of education They are saying that first you should make a pattern of education And then you know that in 1986, it became 10 plus 2 plus 3 The curriculum pattern must have elasticity and diversification They are saying that the curriculum pattern should be like this Where there should be diversity and elasticity That is, rigidness That is, every time there should be diversification Examination system should be reformed There should be multi-purpose schools at higher secondary level They are saying that you should make multi-purpose schools at higher secondary level Public schools should continue in the state government Must establish residential schools in rural places Because the rural areas are not as much educated as the children So you should make them residential So that the children stay and stay there And since English was very important It was said that you should make the mother tongue a regional language You should make the mother tongue a regional language The constant and realistic appraisal of the pupils' progress Should be made compulsory throughout the year This is what you can call the foundation of CCE That is continuous and comprehensive evaluation They all started with these recommendations They said that throughout the year You should make the mother tongue a regional language You should make the mother tongue a regional language The service conditions of the teaching personnel Must be improved by raising funds At that time, the salary of the teachers was very poor So it was said that it was improving So that the great intellect can be inspired in the teaching profession With a good salary Because the salary is not good, so no one wants to stay here State advisory boards of education should guide and advise the education department They said that the state advisory boards of education They should give their education and education to the teachers Education commission was founded in 1964 Which is known as the Kothai Commission It is popular and popular And on the secondary education, its main principles were That the complete overhaul of the educational structure and pattern The education and pattern Rejuvenate it completely Change it, it needs to be changed They said that you should give the primary stage of 7 to 8 years Give the lower secondary stage of 2 to 3 years In general education And in vocational education of 1 to 3 years And give the higher secondary stage of 2 to 3 years And in vocational education of 1 to 3 years Such education commission said And for curriculum, they said that the commission considered It is necessary to vocationalize secondary education In a large measure To raise enrollments in vocational courses To 20% of total enrollment The lower secondary stage And 50% of total enrollment in the higher secondary stage They are saying that diversify vocationalize secondary education And increase enrollment in it That means more than 20% of students were given a grade And they said that you should do this From lower secondary to 10th grade Around 20% of total enrollment Join vocational courses of 20% And join vocational courses of 50% of the 12th grade This was done by Kothari Ayod Then they talked about equalization of educational opportunities We have talked about this To achieve the objective of egalitarianism in educational scenario That in the objective of egalitarianism Equalization of education The commission said that Free lower secondary education Attempts should be made to extend free education To all needy and deserving students They said that you should try All those who are deserving Those who want to get education These students should be given free education Proper planning should be made About the location of the institutions Which institutions should be made It should be after Neogen The neighborhood school That should be in the reach The primary educational institution It was one kilometer away And the higher secondary It should be three kilometers away That's what they said Then guidance and better supervising facilities Should be made compulsory They said that Neuralization of Paramarsh And supervising facilities should be provided What will happen when you provide The child will stop there That is, it will be retained The wastage and stagnation will not happen That's why it is being improved Then comes your national education In 1986 And since we have discussed national education In totality That's why you can take the slide That what he said in the second education He talked about the NABU And about education The name of the national education Has also been made By MHRD and NCRT They made many proposals That what we will do Will bring vocationalization And why we are not able to bring vocationalization He said that there will be a reason behind it Like there is no well coordinated Management system Unemployability of vocational passouts Passing from vocational exams Pass out of it Mismatch between demand and supply Reluctance in accepting the concept By the society Provisions for professional growth and career advancement For the vocational passouts etc Urgent steps to strengthen the vocational system Are there for imperative You can see the problem of vocational education In the second education After that comes Your most innovative Most updated Most latest national education policy 2020 And what he is saying in the second education He is saying that the major change He was running for so many years He changed the structure He changed it to 5 plus 3 plus 3 plus 4 In fact 5 plus 3 plus 3 was 10 plus 2 plus 3 Last one He made a cluster of 10, 11, 12 Means 9, 10, 11, 12 He made a cluster of 4 And 3 from here 5, 3, 8, 3, 11, 4, 15 And 5, 3, 8, 3, 11, 4, 15 And it is 10 plus 2 plus 3 And it is 13 So it is two years Early childhood education The foundational stage He is saying that Make it 3 years 2 years primary school 5 years old Then in the preparatory stage You can study 3, 4, 5 Means 5 plus 3 Then in the plus 3, 6, 7, 8 And in the secondary stage 9 to 12 So it is 10 plus 2 10 plus 2 plus 3 So it is 10 plus 2 10 plus 2 means 5 plus 3 plus 3 plus 4 Means 12 He made it 5, 3, 8, 3, 4, 5 So it is 3 years old This is an additional Means in primary school The foundation is first forced Then the child is ready 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8 And 9, 10, 11, 12 He made a cluster Means earlier the course of 9, 10 More than double the course of 11, 12 So the world is changing It should not be like this He made the whole course Equally distribution in 4 parts So that much burden is on him And in the secondary stage He said it should be 4 years old He studied multidisciplinary He studied subject-oriented, pedagogical He studied based on curricular style He studied with greater depth He studied with greater critical thinking He talked about attention to life He entered in To continue to have the option of exiting After grade 10 and reinterning in the next phase To pursue vocational or another course Is available in grades 11 to 12 Including a more specialized school If you read the national education policy You know the concept of multiple entry Multiple exit Means you can enter the courses In between Means you have made it flexible You have made it student-centered You have made it student-autonomic So this is the calculation of the year From the woods Dispatch to national education policy 20-20 So in this way I have completed this very topic So thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe My channel and school education I have run from my seat