 Good morning sir. Good morning ma'am. Thank you sir. How are you? I am good sir. Thank you very much. You are coming from Vellore or you are in Delhi for some time? Sir, I am in Delhi for the past 3 months. You are very far? Yes sir. Are there civil services? Yes sir. Or any other agenda? Sorry sir. Or any other agenda? Only for civil services? Yes sir. I am preparing only for civil services. See in your prizes, medals and scholarships, we have given 100% attendance in your university 2010. Do you think it is a big achievement? 100% attendance? You have mentioned in your lab. Yes sir. Do you think it is a big achievement? Everybody is supposed to attend the classes? Yes sir. I think it is a good achievement because the kind of curiosity that I have for learning new things when I entered the university and the kind of experience that I had with that, that made it more attractive for me and that is why I consider it as a good achievement sir. So you get scholarship for that? Yes sir. After one year of full attendance or? Yes sir. In my second year I got it. First year I had this attendance. Because there are some views that you need to attend the classes every day and even if you attend classes for few days and do your studies privately, you could learn more. Yes sir. Sir, even in my university the requirement is only 75% sir to attend to qualify for the exams. But I did not consider myself to attend. That is why I am asking whether you take it as a big achievement? Sir, I consider it as a good habit of mine. Okay. You have been seeing documentaries on Indian tribes. Yes sir. Tell me something about tribes, tribal populations, how many tribes we have which are most permitted, all these things. Yes sir. Sir, with respect to the scheduled tribe population in our country, it is around 104 million sir, 8.6% of our total population. Of that we have 705 scheduled tribes according to the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. Of that of 705 we have 75 primitive vulnerable tribal groups spread across 18 states and one union territory in our country sir. Smallest tribe? Sir, the smallest tribe is Andamanis whose population is 40 in number. 40 or less? Sir, according to the recent estimates it is 40 sir. Okay. And there is another tribe in Andamanis that is important. Sir, Sentinelis tribe who are most isolated compared to any other tribe in our country. And the government is doing something for them. I think in this month they are going to inaugurate something for the tribal products. You know, have any idea about that? I am sorry sir. Have you heard of Trifed? Yes sir. Sir, Trifed is an organization which works for marketing the minor forest produce of the scheduled tribes and also promoting their traditional handicrafts. Are they launching some new scheme? E-marketing they are launching. Thank you sir. Vipro, you worked in Vipro? Yes sir. How long? Sir, for 9 months. Tell me something about Vipro. What is the, what is his position in the overall setup companies in India? Yes sir. And in IT sector specifically? Sir, Vipro started its business in refinery oil business in 1945. But today it is one of the major tech companies in our country and it is in terms of its market share and its turnover. It is third in position in IT sector, sir, after TCS and Infosys. Have you heard about tax and extortion in the northeast? I am sorry sir, I did not get it. In the northeast, there are so many insurgent groups and they are extorting money even from the officers. Have you heard about that? Sir, I heard that extortion takes place but I am not very sure about whether they extort officers or not. Even chief secretary and DG police, they are paying money. I am not aware of that sir. Okay. Kashmir, have you visited Kashmir? Sir, I went to Vaishnodevi once. That is not Srinagar? No sir. What is SWOT? SWOT as WOT. Sir, it is an analysis we do on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. For whom we do? Sir, we can do for a person or for an organization or for a country. Have you done 5%? Sir, I have done for SWO but I am not aware of the threats that I am posed with. Sir, you are not aware of that? Yes. Saich, Jagat Saich, Vipro is known, especially the founder is known for philanthropy. Yes sir. Can you tell me about this? Yes sir. Sir, Azim Premji, the former chairman of the Vipro, he donated a lot for the social sector, especially he also came up with Vipro foundation, Vipro Charitable for Azim Premji foundation. And other than that for in the giving pledge initiative started by Warren Buffett and Bill Gates, he was the first Indian to contribute to that initiative wherein after his succession, some 35% of the share of his wealth goes to this foundation. And other than that he also contributed to the education sector and improving the rural infrastructure in many of the states like Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and some other states. And you talked about the giving pledge. So, in the giving pledge our major billionaires or big industrialists did not pledge anything. Do you think we lack a culture of philanthropy in Indian society? Sir, historically we have this tradition sir, right from the ancient India, the Munis and other big landlords they used to contribute. But the generosity culture in India that is in such a way that they do not show off, they do not disclose it outside and they do it silently and that is unique aspect with respect to India, sir. Today the billionaires also contribute a lot. For example, Ratan Tataji also contributed a lot to philanthropy. However, the number of billionaires that we can count are very few in number and we have a huge scope for the other billionaires to contribute a lot. So, we have heard about 3D printing. Have you heard about 4D printing? Yes sir. Can you tell me what is 4D printing? Sir, the extra dimension in 4D printing from 3D printing is time. 4D printing is a process wherein we develop a three dimensional product and we keep that product for certain amount of time under a set pressure and temperature conditions. And after that time the product itself molds into different shape, the desired shape and this is what 4D printing is all about sir. Can you tell me application of nanotechnology in mechanical engineering? Yes sir. Sir, in improving the efficiency of various systems. For example, the automobile systems itself. In the recent past, we have witnessed the evolution of nano engines sir. So, nanotechnology can also be introduced to bring efficiency in the automobiles with these kind of nano engines. You talked about automobiles. Can you tell me latest developments in suspension technology and braking technology? Sir, with respect to the braking technology, we have anti-braking, anti-relock braking system which gives a steady posture for a vehicle and it does not allow it to skid. I am not aware of the latest technologies in suspension systems sir, I am sorry. You have an interest in tribal community and watching documentary on tribes. Yes. You are aware of tribal punctures? Yes sir. Can you briefly tell me tribal punctures? Yes sir. Sir, our honourable prime minister, former prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru gave this tribal puncture in the forward to book written by Varyal Elvin in the philosophy of NIFA, North Eastern Frontier Agencies. Actually, this is an integrationist approach to give a policy to the government of India going forward to deal with scheduled tribes. These include five principles. Firstly, the first principle is not to overwarn the scheduled tribes with multiple schemes. And secondly, we need to hire and recruit more number of, I am sorry sir, more number of scheduled tribes to administer their own areas and not to include many outsiders. And the third principle is to protect and respect their land rights and on forests. And fourthly, we should not judge the development of scheduled tribes based on the quantitative parameters, rather the quality of character that is developed among them. Okay, so it's almost 70 years since tribal puncture. Yes. How do you assess its contemporary relevance? What has changed since then? Or what new aspects has to be included in tribal policy? Sir, there are a lot of changes with respect to the upliftment of scheduled tribes in our country. For example, the literacy rate has improved from 10% in 1947 to 59% in 2011. Having said that, there are many other areas where we can concentrate upon to uplift the tribes. The one major flaw that I see in our policy right from 1947 till now is that the one-size-fits-all approach that we adopt for the scheduled tribes across India. If we observe the deep social and economic parameters of scheduled tribes, they are very heterogeneous in nature. And we need to have customized approach for each and every scheduled tribe in every region and to address their problems. So, this is what I would like to incorporate in the tribal policy, sir. Sir. So, you studied in Vellore? Yes, sir. VIT Vellore? Yes, sir. So, you are familiar with Vellore? Yes, sir. Describe Vellore. Yes, sir. Sir, I consider Vellore as a very rich city which has a blend of both modernity and cultural richness. For example, we have the Vellore Fort which is very historical in nature. And also in terms of the cultural richness, we have the Golden Temple in Vellore, sir. Other than that, there is also a very famous prison in Vellore. And the modern institutions such as Christian Medical College in Vellore and other institutions like my own university, VIT University are symbols of the modernity that the city is going through. And secondly, sir, it is also one of the smart cities announced by the government of India. There is a river which is underground in nature, that river Palar that flows through, I am sorry, sir, flows through this river, flows through the city of Vellore, sir. So, this is and it is one of the major contributors of Soldiers to India. What are the historical significance of Vellore Fort? Yes, sir. Sir, in this very fort, the revolt Sipai Mutiny of 1806 has happened and it is according to some historians, it is also considered as the first war of independence because that was the first major revolt against the Britishers in the entire Indian subcontinent. What are the factors that led to that community? Sir, just before this revolt, there was a kind of insult attributed to the sons and daughters of Tipu Sultan, whose children they were jailed in this fort. And the Sipai Mutinis were also asked to remove their beard and also remove their turbans. This incited them into revolting against the Britishers, sir. So, who could emerge victorious in that mutiny and how that siege was lifted? Sir, due to the military might and the coordination and superiority of British military, they suppressed the revolt within one day, sir. And later, they have reorganized the system in which this fort is regulated and this area is regulated and they took the entire area into their control. Today marks one of the significant moments for India in global arena. Can you think why? Sir, from today, we are chairing the UN United Nations Security Council for the month of August and that is a matter of... How did UN Security Council chair is rotated? Sir, it is rotated on an alternate basis for every country, sir, for every month. I am not very clear about it, sir. I am sorry. Okay. Tomorrow, the country Prime Minister is going to launch another significant instrument. Can you think of what it is? Sir, can I take some time? Sir, I am sorry, sir. I am unable to recall anything. Okay, sir. It is in FinTech. I am giving a clue. E-rupee is going to be launched tomorrow. Are you aware of E-rupee? Sir, the Central Bank Digital Currency... Sir, I am aware of Central Bank Digital Currency, but I have not heard about E-rupee, sir. So, you are cricket captain in the university? Yes, sir. You participated in the inter-university tournaments and all? Yes, sir. How did your team pair? Sir, I was captain for nine months, sir, in my final year of graduation. We won one major tournament. Which major tournament? Sir, it was conducted in VIT itself. It is Raja Ji International Inter-College Cricket Tournament conducted in 2014. Did your university participate in the South Zone Inter-University Tournament? Sorry, sir. South Zone Inter-University Tournament, did your university team participate? No, sir. No? No, sir. Okay. Are you batsman or bowler? Sir, I am an opening batsman, sir. Opening batsman, okay. What are all the advantages and disadvantages of opening batsman? Sir, coming to the advantages, firstly, I will have... as an opening batsman, an opening batsman will have the maximum number of deliveries at his disposal to bat throughout the innings. And secondly, as an opening batsman, we will be able to assess the pitch and the kind of bowlers that the opposition have. And we can give a signal to the entire team so that the team can plan what is the optimum score that we can score if we are batting first. And coming to the disadvantages, sir, since we are the first to bat, there is a possibility that we might face the fiercest of the bowlers in the opposition. And we make sometimes... How the role of opening batsman evolved from Test Cricket to ODI to 2020? Sir, in the Test Cricket, the opening batsman used to be very patient on the first day. They used to assess the pitch, seam movement and also the bowler's ability to strike the decent line and lens. Coming to the one-day international, sir, this has reduced a bit. And batsmen started taking some kind of risk because they wanted to utilize the starting 10 hours of power play. When it comes to the T20, this risk-taking ability has increased manifold because the power play is only for 6 hours and opening batsmen are supposed to set a tone to the entire team. Okay. You are presently working in Chengal Patlu? Yes, sir. I worked in Chengal Patlu, not now. Resigned? Yes, sir. How long? How long you worked at? Sir, I worked for 9 months. 9 months. And after that, for this, you resigned and started preparing? Yes, sir. Okay. In Chengal Patlu, it is Mahindra city. Yes, sir. How many units are there? Sir, I am not aware of the total number of units. I am sorry, sir. Okay, sir. Anthropology has been your optional subject? Yes, madam. So, how does anthropology help us understand bureaucracy? I am sorry, madam. How does anthropology help us understand bureaucracy? Madam, in anthropology, we study the cultural relativism, which means that we understand every culture from their own perspective. And when it comes to bureaucracy, the working of bureaucracy on the ground level is also related to this aspect. We need to be very aware and sensitive about the kind of ground realities at every point of place. And secondly, the kind of hierarchy that we have in bureaucracy, that also needs to be respected when someone, a youngster like me enters into the bureaucracy and adapt to the new hierarchies. So, this is how studying anthropology makes us be aware and learn things very quickly and adapt very quickly. And that is how it helps us, madam. You have talked with Diplo. Yes, madam. There was a question on philanthropy. Yes, madam. How would you differentiate philanthropy from CSR, corporate social responsibility? Madam, philanthropy is completely voluntary in nature, whereas CSR is legal according to the section 135 of Companies Act 2013. And in philanthropy, there is no restriction on the areas where one wants to spend and also the amount that one has to spend. Whereas in CSR, it is mandatory to spend in specified sectors where government has enlisted in the Act. And also, the amount should be around, I am not aware of the exact number, madam, a certain percentage of the net profits in the past three years. So, this is how we can differentiate between both of them, madam. But if it is not mandatory, see before 2013, it was not mandatory and there was no difference? Sir, there is one more difference, sir. In philanthropy, it can be an individual work, whereas CSR, it is for an organization. Okay. Some of the tribes that have been practicing polyandry in India and the reason for that? Name of some of the tribes? Madam, there are tribes in Lakshadri and also in Kerala. There are some tribes names are Melachari, Thakrufan in Lakshadri. They practice polyandry, madam, because there are certain historical and cultural significance. These tribes are Islamic of origin. And secondly, during the British time, these male members of these tribes used to go for wars and also for sea expeditions. And they never used to come back. So, because of that, as a matter of security, women used to have multiple husbands, so that they would have someone to stay along with them. Okay. Are you aware of Purushad concept? Is it relevant in modern times? Yes, madam, it is very much relevant. The four concepts of Purushad, dharma at the Kama Moksha. Dharma is very important these days because of the justice that we want to establish, not only in India, but also across the world in the aspects like climate change and also in the international global affairs. And it is also obviously important, madam, but it is predominating the other three aspects today. We need to moderate a bit to bring a balance. Madam, with respect to the Kama, it is also going unregulated in nature. The lust among the people, we have witnessing many crimes against women. And Moksha, madam, it is a bit philosophical in nature, but yes, definitely it is also needed for the spiritual satisfaction of every human being.