 The site I'm talking about is Bradgate Park. It's situated just about 15km northwest of Leicester City. It's a public park. It's open to the public, or much of it is. It's a historic park in that it was the seat of the Grey family. Much of the park as it exists today still has the ruins of the Grey family and country residents. It's basically been a deer park since the 12th century. It's been maintained, although it's an open park. It's maintained as a working deer park. It's got two herds, rode the herd of about 300 individuals, which are very common sites within Bradgate Park, and a smaller herd of 100 red deer, which you don't see very often, but I'll come on to that. I should have said that the site was first located by a couple of local field workers, which were archaeologists who were out one weekend taking their Nissan on a walk, and she was climbing over some rocks. There were lots of field workers walking around the Leicestershire countryside. They recognised some world friends that were coming out in a very localised area, and I was looking to be one of the first to look at this and recognise it. It's very likely. A general relief map there, and I'm showing you the East Midlands regions, a number of counties that make up the East Midlands, and also I'm showing the area of Charmwood Forest, which sounds very rural, but actually it's got the M1 running through the middle of it. But there are bits of this landscape. It's a sort of mini Auckland landscape in pretty much a flat plain in the county. Just so an arrow slide here of Bradgate Park, and you can see the modern agriculture just outside, and here's the village of Newtown-Linford, but all this area is basically the original deer park. It's been encroached upon by a reservoir, a 19th-century reservoir across from there, and I'm going to be talking about some general landscape, very local units. The story really is about this gorge, little Matlock Gorge, which is a note of Matlock Gorge in Darmyshire, which is quite an ironic note because it's smaller. Then we have the rugged uplands of Charmwood within the park. Most famously, there's a site there, which is old John, that's actually a landmark. The accessible park is gained from an entrance here, it's one of the entrances, and you can travel through the gorge on foot, and you can access all the rugged uplands to the north. There's a small area here, just on the south side of the gorge, which is called the deer sanctuary, and this is basically where the red deer hang out most of the year. There is no public access, it's a controlled herd, so there's some culling that goes on every year to maintain the herd. A typical shot, we're looking there at the top of old John. It looks rather like a beer mug, and there's a warm memorial there. You get an idea of the cracky uplands, whereas if we go into the little Matlock Gorge, it starts to look a little bit more Jurassic Park than the Bradgate Park. We've got a mixture of oak, but also you can see there's monkey puzzle trees and everything, and you can see, or not see, one of the problems is there is so much vegetation cover here that really it's quite inaccessible, and it's quite difficult to see. Anyway, we've chosen our steps. The site was originally found in 2001, and although we made some attempts to gain access and to get some funding for further work, this, for various reasons, wasn't forthcoming, until there was a change in the management of the park, and in 2013 the new manager, Peter Tillersley, was beginning to get information together to formulate a parkland management and a stewardship scheme to look after the park. That benefited from European funding at the time for the idea programme. We were brought in straight away the known of the palliative site. It was on the historic environmental record, and that was near the top of priorities, but one of the other things to do was to assess the other heritage assets of the parkland, and as well as the early evaluation work at the palliative site, running concurrently with that was also some more extensive surveys, including a lidar survey. This is a very, very cleaned up lidar image, so we've taken all the vegetation off most of the modern buildings we are. You can still see the modern village down here, but we're seeing all the relief un-vegetated, and here we are with the little mangot gorge, with the river Linn flowing through there into Cops and Respoir, originally flowing into the saw itself, a tributary at the Trent, and of course the dot is the fine spot of the fines, the initial fines, and just a little bit of playing with the lidar data to give you some idea, as well as providing a background and a cleaned up pallet of what was there. It also allows me to talk a little bit about the local topography. Lots of other things came from the lidar survey, you see the field systems and whatever that's imposed as all sorts, and at about the same time a decision was made that for Bradgate Park to be investigated by the field school from the university, a five-year programme of works mainly looking at the medieval and post-medieval remains, but as you can see, also throwing up some information on our paleolithic archaeology. So 2014, we knew where the site generally was, it seemed to be very localised, it's just above the flood plain, the slide here is on the very end of the gorge, we're looking at the final outcrop before we're on to the flood plain, and in the background is the post-medieval ruins of the Bradgate camps. We sunk some 22 pits, mainly at a five-metre interval, and these quite successfully showed that it was a very small sketch, it seemed to be sort of six to eight metres across, with a rapid fall off. A balance of tools, we were getting cheddar points, very good pieces, and we were able to provide the sedimentary context as well, we were in head deposit, the charnwood head deposit, which is quite extensive across much of charnwood, once surprisingly. This was looked at by Sam Steen for sedimentological purposes, and it seems to have had some antiquity, and it's very likely that the original scatter was on the surface and it subsequently moved down profile, I'll go into that a little bit more detail in a second. For those of a little persuasion, those two cheddar points were not damaged in this mock, after the next couple of years. So to just go back, I'm repeating what all the speakers have said here, but I'm using this familiar slide because it's very useful. Bradgate is number 35. I've loosely grouped these into some of our sites, and included the continental outliers maybe. So it seemed, even from the initial service question, it seemed to be a good, final Magdalene Creswellian collection, and it could join several of the cave sites. Again, repeating what has more or less been said, so I'll go over this quite quickly, but my main point here is when we're looking at the new age of dates, is that we're just giving a slightly longer chronology, and I think we can start seeing our final Magdalene Creswellian as something that has perhaps been there a little bit longer than we previously thought. Perhaps with a longer chronology, that would allow some developments as well. So there was enough information from the test pit evaluation, and a decision was made that we would try to, we wouldn't take a rescue excavation. From 2001 up to the present, the site has suffered rather horribly. Principally here, I'll just explain that on this site, we're looking at a parking management site. Until a few years ago, all this brown area was high-brack and made access across this bit of the landscape, this mouth of the gorge, quite restricted. So people tended to walk along this path here, and in fact this wasn't there, this gauw wasn't there in 2001. That's been exacerbated by off-road cycling, so the threats to this site were considerable. A decision was made to excavate an area roughly 80 square metres, and we agreed to take it down to a level that wouldn't be affected by the erosion of the fort wall. Straight away, we were picking up lots of flint, right at the surface, we expected that. What we didn't quite expect was the sediment mentality of the site, how quickly it changed, what we were coming down onto on this side, the southern side of the site, was a tallistic project which is coming off the outcrop, and that slows down, and the head deposits here are actually considerably deep, and we didn't get to dig all of that. We just took it down, we took 15 spits down at 20 millimetres, so we got through a bit of millimetres down across that area, and just the opposite view of the site quite early on just after a few spits. Oodles of flint. It's just about 12,000 pieces that I've looked at in terms of debatage. Things I would point out is the raw material, we've got a couple of rather lovely blade cores there. It looks to be quite dark, a couple of crotatious flint. Smaller nodules, just some of these show wind-blowing surfaces, and it's likely that meant much of the stuff that's picked up from places still, from east of England or possibly even Lincolnshire and Yorkshire coast area. We have a very high degree of fragmentation, lots and lots of pieces have broken, a lot of what's down there is fragments, 4,000 oed. Many of those are just broken blades. But this isn't to say it's a particularly troubled site. Often the blades are broken, but they have very good margins. They're not nicks, they're not worn by movements, excessive movements through the soil. I should also say, that we changed slightly our methodology. We started off wet-sipping everything, and it was far too long, took too long anyway. We've got quite a few things to get through in five minutes. So a quick look at the tools. Lots of tools, lots of broken tools, mainly points of brutally modified pieces, followed by becks, there's a lot of pierces as well, or more or less the full range of Creswellian, late Magdalenean and vinyl Magdalenean tools. Mostly broken. These are the best ones in terms of the points that I've illustrated. Where we do have complete or near complete points, they tend to be shared at points. We have a couple of confirmed Creswell points, but I should also point out we have curved back elements, including a rather strange little one by itself down here, which does look a little bit like one of the pieces from Coffs. And we have Michael Burens. We've got the Coffskey pieces, but we've also got a dozen Michael Burens, and rather like the Hamburg, I think it's deliberately, technically being deliberately used in the manufacturer of points. New respects and pierces looking at some of the large pieces there. Some of these are reused tools. This one here seems to have been used as a knife, and it's really sharpened into a beck. Most of the becks are broken. End scrapers and Burens, again quite large amounts of these. The example you can see on top left has had a little bit of preliminary use where use analysis work on showing three different areas of polish, a scraping polish where you'd expect it, cutting evidence along its margins, and some possible halftime polishing at its base. One of the first things to establish is, okay, we're in a primary context, but is it in situ? I've already mentioned the good quality of the tools, but even when they're broken, they tend not to have damaged margins. Looking at one of the squares in the middle of the scatter, the size profile is also very suggestive of an assemblage which hasn't been very, very far. It's not an assemblage. It's got a high-tall complement, and we've got many nearly all elements of blade detailage. Perhaps lacking is definite evidence of the manufacture of large blades, which another site looked at way more far. We showed that many of the large blades were made using the air boron technique with a soft organic hammer, whereas the medium-sized and small blades, many of which have been used for points, are being made with soft stone cushion. I'm just going to wrap it through some of the plots. This is a distribution plot, but I'm going to just show you some density plots. You'll see in all lithics, I hope the grey ones show up sufficiently, the red pieces, about 20% of the dematoges are burnt. So some density plots, there's four ones I'm showing you in one here. Looking at the burnt pieces, you can see that sort of fan-shaped plan form. If we drill down into that and look at the more heavy burnt pieces, the cow sign, we think it's quite localised and we were happy enough to draw a conjectured half. Now, if you look at the cores in the next one, they're quite well distributed, some distance from the bootstiff half. Distribution plot on the right-hand side of that does actually show quite convincing half, which may well be tracing the line of the tent room. Moving on to the pieces, the probably modified pieces, the points. Quite well spread, but outside the half. I'm going to run through these because I've obviously missed my tool slightly. Some of the other major pieces, tool types. Again, half focus, but showing differences. Back to the excavation. I don't want to draw a definite analogue here, or one of the interesting things. We were there in August, as you see from the vegetation. We didn't see any red deer when we first got there, but as we approached the autumn season, the red deer begins to cross. It's the crossing as an annual event. They come over from the high ground of the sanctuary onto the flood plain. This shot's taken from my outside, so it's slightly elevated above the flood plain. You'll just notice where that large herd of deer are. I'm going to point something out. In the background, the other stone outcrop and the post-medieval ruins itself, we've had students looking at each of these areas in different seasons of fieldwork. We've got Creswellian final Magdalenean material from virtually every intervention. We've got it from... We've got a Magdalenean blade just outside the ruins, the outcrop there. We have post-medieval living deposits we are finding in flintwork. There's a moated site, which is probably a lodge keeper's cottage, which was under excavation. I've only just looked at this in the last week or so. I've produced a lovely blade core and a piercer as well, which looks to be Creswellian. In terms of where I've been looking for this sort of material, I know in the park where I've been looking for it, I've been concentrating on this flood plain area and its margins, but I'm going to cook short a bit of video there for all the leads of that. All right, thanks very much.