 Yes, I thank first for the opportunity on this session to tell about the pilots. In 1940, Norway was occupied by German forces. After the occupation, several persons wanted to escape from Norway. And since Sweden was neutral during the war, and they choose to cross the border in east to get to Sweden. In Tysfjord, as we see here on the map, in northern Norway, there was somewhere very short distance between the settlement inside the Fjord and the Swedish border. It was therefore considered as a good escape route. And it has been claimed that there were 3,000 persons who fled through Tysfjord during the war. And it was one of the largest escape routes in northern Norway. The German soldiers gradually became aware of this traffic, and consequently guard forces were placed in the Fjord to stop the traffic. And today, we can find traces from these center stations in the mountains. At our institution, Aran Lullsam Center, we have documented these traces after the German soldiers. And here in this lecture, the goal is to tell about the different traces from the war. And in this way, give a picture of the war memorial landscape in this area. We have also compared the known guard posts to well-known escape routes in order to see how the traces of the guards relate to these routes. And in this way, document how the German tried to stop the refugee traffic through their watch. Tysfjord municipality lies in northern Norway, as we see here, here in the west. It extends from West Fjord all the way to the border to Sweden. And the landscape is divided by fjords. And most of the fjords go eastwards for the border to Sweden, where the Helmholtz fjord lies closest to the border. And I think we see it here. And from the bottom of the fjord, it's only about six kilometers in line to the border. From the fjords, the country rise step by step to the mountains. With the highest peak is over 1,500 meters, about sea level. And this alpine landscape is somewhere very difficult to pass, with gorges and step mountains. But when crossing the border, the landscape opens up, leaving the high mountains and meeting mountain big forests. From 1940, a network was established in Tysfjord, helping people crossing the border to Sweden. And the refugees were usually met in the outer part of the fjord. In the outer part, very fast, in the outer part of the fjord, and where they could stay for the night. And then they were brought into the fjords with different poles. The last part was hiking over the mountain, or the journey of the mountains. And since they did not know the different route, they needed help from the local people. And these different helpers are later known as border pilots. And many of the border pilots were Sami living in the fjords. And from Tysfjord, as we see here on the map, there were many routes to Sweden. The routes went right up in the mountains. And in some places, the highest point was 7 to 800 meters above sea level. And some of these paths, therefore, only serve that summer route. The border pilots brought usually the refugees to Turfötts across the border. And we can see it here, these Turfötts. And there they could stay overnight. And here, on the picture, we saw one of these. And later there was a journey all the way into the Sweden. And it was wilderness and uninhabited area. And the first station was Swedish military station, 70 kilometers from the border. And this area, in winter with snow and 20 minus degree, this route could be very hard. And at risk of life, if one didn't find the right way. There were many different groups who fled through Tysfjord. Many outside the region knew about this route to Sweden. So they searched for Tysfjord. And there were also the prisoners of war. Because in the region, there were many prison camps. And some of these prisoners tried to escape. They were purely equipped and didn't know the routes to Sweden. And this group, therefore, had the most difficulty in making the trip to Sweden. So a German soldier settled in May 1941 at Rage in Tysfjord. And from 1942, they documented that there were many people crossing the border in order to stop the refugee traffic. Guards were placed along the border. And the work was given to the police force, ORPO. German authorities hit hard on people who wanted to flee or help refugees. The decree of September 1941 states that escape from the country led to death penalty. And these included people helping refugees. It could also be taken hostage from families where family members fled. In Helmhubocken here, it was first established as a small garden, which later, possibly in the autumn of 1943, was expanded, possibly to a company. Probably somewhere between 90 and 120 men at most. At this time, there were two farms in the bottom of Yul. So this must have led to a big change for the people here. And for the locals, it was impossible to avoid contact with the soldiers. When the soldiers arrived in Helmhubocken, they first settled in a cabin at the sea. But soon they built their headquarters up in the mountains where they had the sentry stations. And today we found traces of these places. And here we see a stone structure of the guard post because there were guard posts and quarters. These are mainly rectangular, built of stone and some places also combination of soil and stone. And the guard houses are usually placed all in terrain that they are difficult to detect. And from these places, there are good overview, and especially of the path through the post. And if you came here, you would probably be discovered very easily as we see here on the picture. And some of these structures had other function. This structure was, as we see here on the picture, it was a food storage. And when the soldiers left, the locals found that it was filled with rye cod. We have also six round turf foundations. And these sites are traces of tent made of plywood with the nickname finselt or finished tent. And they could be quickly set up and were very easy to transport. These sites could be occupied by 15 to 20 persons. And on the picture, we see that the soldiers are setting up such a tent. This is the headquarters, the informants told us. And one of these informants remembered that as children, they could come here to eat meat soup on Sunday together with the soldiers. The children had contact with the German soldiers and some of them even learned to speak a little bit German. At the time, the soldiers were stationed there. There were also places that tell about the prisoners of war. This is an overhang once used by locals to hide war prisoners that came to Helmoboten. Here they were placed some days before they were helped across the border. And after this happening, this site is known as the Garjelslava or the Russian overhang. And in the mountain, there is also places that is defined as grave after the prisoners of war. And here a prisoner was shot and killed but today the body was never removed. The German central stations in the mountain can be linked to several different camps in the mountains. And on the map, we see the various station marked as triangles. It can be distinguished between several main camps, which was placed in the forest regions. Here there were also accommodations. The guard posts were placed above the forest line, where they guarded the area. As we see here, here is one of these places. And it also known that the soldiers made patrols in the mountains. So when we place the known camps and guard posts in relation to the known paths, we see that the various guard posts and camps are systematically placed around the known paths. The cultural monuments document that the Uckermans made great efforts in stopping the refugee traffic. So the question is, why such a strong guard post was placed here in this area? This is uncertain, but German soldiers must have looked at the path, or the way from Harlem of June as more central. Here it was shortest to Sweden. And the occupants were also soon aware that the prisoners of war fled through this area. The construction of these guard posts in the mountains of Helmholtz led to the escape of this area was very difficult. And the border pilots who knew very well of these posts in the mountains moved the way to helping refugees to other areas. And it moved it out from Helmholtz to Norbert, as we see here. And the martyrs were therefore one of the largest route in Tysjord. And along this path, there was no guard post with the exception of an area near a lake called Gussöjavri in the mountain. And you see this lake here. And from this guard post and to the path, it was less than a kilometer. And people we interviewed say that they could see German soldiers standing around the fire when they passed the area. And it's here. And there were no refugees who got help from border pilot that was taken by German soldiers. There was a saying among the German soldiers that as soon the refugees entered the Helmholtz, they disappeared as in hell. No one could find them. No, there were any of the Army border pilots that was taken. But from other areas, there was border pilots that was taken and placed at last in Sachsnaus in Germany. And it was also some that was died during the escape. And this is from one of these places. It was a Finnish captain. In the fall of 1944, it was only a matter of time before the border pilots was discovered. And it was quite a common talk that refugees escaped to Sweden through this year. And at the end of January 1944, the organization was revealed and several key persons arrested. And a message of arrest reached the Army border pilots so that they managed to flee before German arrested them. And as a result, the entire network was dissolved. In Sweden, the border pilots got another shock because they were arrested. The Norwegian authorities that were present on the Swedish side raised several accusations against the border pilots. They had not gone far enough into Sweden with the refugees, taken payment for helping people, or had robbed the post that Swedish police put out. It went so far that they were investigated by Norwegian police authorities for treason. But the case was dismissed in 1948. And later, the Norwegian king has regretted that the border pilots have not received the recognition that they deserved for their work during the war. As a conclusion, I would like to say that the landscape that we had documented was once a landscape with traces of some reindeer husbandry, and later some fish farmers. And the mountain range was used to catch roses or pick berries. The war changed this landscape. The war remains as symbols of military strength and occupation of the landscape during the war time. For the war generations that lived in the field, these traces are a reminder of this time. The track can be seen as stories of a time when the dark shadows of war hang over the landscape. But at the same time, they document the border pilot's struggle to ensure the refugees secure route past the soldiers. Further out in Helmofjoln, it's a monument which is the memory of the border pilot's support. But it has not yet an official status as a war memorial. Thank you.