 Good morning sir, good morning sir, thank you sir. How you pronounce your name? Malay. Malay, yes, Malay. Malay, yes. Okay, tell me a few good qualities of a teacher. Sir, a teacher is not just someone who gives curriculum based content. A teacher is a counselor, a teacher is a mentor, a teacher is a guardian. So, while he is a single person, he plays multiple roles in someone's life. So, I feel a teacher is more than a parent at times, more than a guide at times and some total of whatever we need at some point of time. That's a different teacher. I'm asking the good qualities of a teacher. A good quality of a teacher is he or she who understands what exactly is going in the child's mind, what exactly is needed so as to better his or her prospects. Okay, best from waste. Anything done? Yes sir, actually I have done. Are you proud of? Yes sir, actually while I was working in PepsiCo, so we were given a project of biomethanation. So biomethanation basically PepsiCo deals a lot in potato chips and all. So the waste from potato peels was utilized to generate biomethane plant which in turn was used to produce electricity and the waste from electricity that is exhaust gas was used for chilling purposes in the plant. So basically we utilize waste over there. Secondly, I have done a project in college as well in this domain. That was regarding the bottle, water bottle we have and other bottles which are made of SDP. So we basically melted that SDP to convert it into a beam. That your waste thing, methane plant is still being used or it's stopped? No sir, it's being used. But enough waste is available all around? Yes sir, actually potato waste like PepsiCo, the plant that I was there, Channo plant that is in Punjab. So it is the biggest manufacturing plant for this lays and chips and all. So waste generated was huge. In fact I think the plant was like the need was more than of plant like 2-3 plants. Yesterday some bridge has been inaugurated in your place in Bihar. Read about it? Sir, it was regarding a bridge on Ganga as far as I know somewhere in Ganga river. Exact location I am unable to recall. Patna to Hajipur or something like that way. Yes sir. So what is special about that? Sir it basically connects the two parts of Bihar like North Bihar, Mithlansal basically Mithlansal part and the South Bihar that is Patna part. Largely the Ganga river basically bifurcates Bihar into two. So it creates kind of cultural divide which also gets evident in the form. Tell me something special, what is special about that bridge? Sir, anything has been in the news also. This is first time in India. Sir, I will read about it. It is a new bridge or it is a retrofitting type of thing. It is a retrofitting kind of thing. It is the longest steel bridge in the country, 5.6 kilometers. Madhma Gandhi city. Madhma Gandhi city. Yes sir. You have travelled on that? Yes sir. How far is your place from there? It is 200 kilometers. 200 kilometers. So my place is in almost the most part of Nepal border. It connects Champaran also? This bridge. This bridge? Yes sir, we can go to Champaran from this bridge. From this bridge? Yes sir. Okay. Assisted natural regeneration. You heard of this term? Yes sir, I am aware of this term. What is this term? Sir, basically in this process regeneration is carried out on itself. But we kind of supplement the process through multiple ways like maybe augmenting the requirement like maybe from seeding purpose or other type of requirements. Only that much? Not taking out the weeds? Yes sir, definitely. Protecting the area from biotic interference? Tuning and all. Everything that requires that regeneration to sustain and eventually to flourish. That is what I am asking, what all is required in this assisted natural regeneration? So basically the entire thinning purpose, weeding, tuning, tending operation, everything then time and again preventing from biotic interference, a biotic interference. Okay, okay. Okay, you heard of this VPN? Yes sir, what is your private network? Yes sir. Some big company has withdrawn from the country? Yes sir, two, three big companies have already withdrawn. Which is that big company? Express. Yes sir, today. So how this user base is affected? So basically they are saying in the new regulation brought in by certain another Indian government basically hurts them and their free internet commitment. So basically they think that that's against their ethos. So it will impact their business as well. But in last terms like we have our legitimate reason for doing that. And I think that's for internal security, cyber security purposes. But they say that users are not affected. They can work on other servers in other countries. Yes sir, servers are basically diffused kind of entire world. So like they switch off their servers from India and shift it to somewhere else. UK and Singapore or something. See this Turkey, Turkey we say, it has changed its name, Turkey or something. So whether the country can change the name, any regulations are there about the country changing the name? Country changing name of itself. Like maybe they might have to intimate UN and other organizations in advance. But definitely countries can change their names. So do they need any approval? Approval as such maybe like prior intimation to UN and maybe to other regulatory bodies in which they are part of those bodies. So no approval is required, only intimation is required? As far as I know because already Myanmar changed its name from Burma to Myanmar. So many countries have done that in the past. No, but I am asking the process. Yes, I know many countries have done, Sri Lanka has done, so many have done. As far as I will read about it, but as far as I know. Okay, changing the name of a state in our country? So a state or a district can also change its name. However the name change of a state largely falls in the domain of central government like under article 5, 6, 2, 3 basically it deals with a state. So central government has already changed the name of United, UP, Uttar Pradesh became United. So central government approval is required? Yes. Similarly changing the name of district also? As far as district is concerned like Punjab recently created a district and many places like Uttar Pradesh changed its name. So basically the scene is if like railway stations names are to be changed or somewhere else then that prior approval have to be taken from GSI and other railways authorities and other bodies. However changing only the name of district won't require any central approval. Let's continue with the topic of teaching. Both your parents are also teachers. Yes. Now the national education policy 2020 had come up with the term called SUFFLE. What is that? Sir basically SUFFLE is basically somewhere someone shifting from this place to like exchange kind of exchange program. No, no. It's a structural assessment for analyzing learning. Okay. It's an acronym for that. The important thing about this particular policy framework is that the word examination is rarely used and the word used is assessment. So is this only the word play or there is any way to it? Sir basically this thing assessment I think this is not something that is new to this. Like we had earlier CC continuous and comprehensive evaluation which was not just focusing on examination thing. It was continuous and comprehensive in the sense we had curricular and extracurricular activities involved in it. So this assessment is I think an extension of that particular thing where all around the development of child concern is. What is the difference assessment and examination? Examination happens just in like maybe a semester wise or maybe a year wise. While the assessment is and the examination is largely related to curricular activity, academic activity, whether that performance is whatsoever related to academic domain. Assessment is regarding the all through assessment maybe curricular extracurricular and what exactly he is lacking and how the way he or she can be improved. So this becomes like holistic in that sense. So it is more of holistic understanding of education is it? And the word fail is also not used. Yes. Why? Sir fail creates a psychology where like a failure like for a child of like 14 years like till 14 years like maybe smaller kid also. It creates a very psychological impact and fail is like nobody like if I may say so. Academic failure is not a failure as such. It's just key someone need some more improvement. It's not the failure of the child, the failure of the system. System. That could be the appropriate way. Yes sir. And moreover it is not a failure in that sense also because it can it is something that can be cured. So it's not a complete failure that cannot be diagnosed. There is a view that we need to have more non-evaluate evaluation space. Yes sir. What is your view on this? Sir I think evaluation should go like more non-evaluation means there should be an open system where someone can come, read, study and do whatever he or she wants and then go back to whatever domain he or she wants without any evaluation of that. Sir I am not saying we can have completely I am saying there should be more of that space. More of that space is welcome but the problem is implementation thing like how to assess whether that person has gained information. Like if someone has enrolled in a course and if someone has not been through evaluation of any kind then how to assess whether that man has gained skill knowledge regarding it. So that becomes a problem. However there should be definitely be more non-assessment kind of thing but it should be in a way that knowledge somewhere can be like continuously evaluated. At the higher level. Yes sir. Since you are also an engineer the higher level should be focused more on applied research or fundamental research. Sir I think we should be mixing both like applied research comes from fundamental research so if we don't do fundamental research as such applied research won't be of much use. Definitely India currently lacks a lot in applied research. In fact being someone from IIT I can like I have seen like there needs to be a trust more trust on applied research. But there is no fundamental research is also happening. Yes sir basically fundamental research is something like that is being done everywhere so we can get that knowledge. Like for example if I may quote CERN so there are multiple research going in CERN or ISRO or NASA. The problem is from that research we can drive many of things. However the IIT ecosystem or an IIT ecosystem or higher research currently hasn't produced that much that it should have been or that is expected from them. So maybe we currently lack more in applied research however both are required. I think more applied in terms of what is needed for the corporates. Not exactly I will say because social aspect is also there. Alright now you last question here you are in PepsiCo you had done some intern there. Now PepsiCo is one of the largest plastic polluter have they done anything in the recent time to reduce plastic? Yes sir definitely plastic what they are doing like for example in India I can say of two places one is Germany and one is in India. So in India they are like pioneer in EPR thing like they are trying to focus on this EPR responsibility thing. Secondly in Germany what they are doing is they are trying to convert this plastic thing into something of more important kind like creating something like economic value from it maybe of the form of shoes. Like currently some shoes are also manufactured using that plastic. Now since you are also into forestry have they learnt something from the tree and reduced the amount of plastic which is used in bottles? Seaweeds as far as I remember some. We will discuss that later thank you. Okay Malay you are from Bihar. Yes sir. How many district in Bihar? 38 as far as I remember. Which one is the largest district area wise and the smallest area wise? Area wise largest district is Gaya as far as I remember and smallest is Sivar as far as I remember. Okay tell me something about your own district Saharsa. Saharsa is a district which is situated on the bank of River Kosi. Secondly Saharsa is famous because of two cultural regions one it is the hub of Vajrayana Buddhism. My goddess Tara has a very shakti peak like 52 shakti peaks one is of goddess Tara. Secondly it is famous as land of modern mission the famous modern mission who had a Shastra with Shankaracharya. Thirdly it is currently famous for fox nut cultivation, Makhana cultivation is also major. Okay why your CM is so much insisting upon the caste survey? Yes sir. There are certain dimensions for it because Bihar as such has been a very caste driven society and without a proper assessment of how many like number of people in particular caste especially the downtrodens the policy making has not been that much good. For example as far as certain data are concerned if I may say so like 10 caste have like taken 25% of reservation benefits across India I am saying. So most are in Bihar so actually this caste census that he is trying to focus will deal with these challenges like maybe. It is a census or a survey? It is a survey because census cannot be taken. Because CM has not used the word census. Yes sir it is a survey but eventually it is like kind of guessing how many people belong from which caste so maybe distributing the benefits. So you are recommending that he should I mean Bihar should go in for this survey. Yes sir. Then why government of India is not very keen and other states are not also emulating all these things it is so good. Sir good is one aspect but second aspect is whether it is feasible to do so because when in 1931 last time there was class census there were multiple challenges. Like for example there are the name of certain class it doesn't become evident which category people belong from which class for example surname thing. There are multiple like similar surnames in multiple class so it becomes very difficult to assess which class should be attributed to whom. Why you want to join Indian Forest Service? So there are two three reasons for that firstly Indian Forest Service will help me in amelior like somewhat synchronizing my interest. Like for example I have like my interest in ways contributing something in ways creating base from waste and then contributing in nature and sustainability aspect. And secondly it has a very decent career opportunity since it is an all India Service. And thirdly it will give me ample opportunities to use my knowledge of mechanical engineering. But suppose you get your own cadre Bihar cadre. Yes sir. What is the percentage of forest in the Bihar? So percentage of forest is currently 7.7% with a 2% traditional tree. And what is the vision of the CM? So vision is obviously to increase it to one third. So vision, state vision is different. Yes sir. You are talking about the forest policy 33%. Yes sir. But from state you cannot go to 33%. Yes sir. So they have already recommended. Yes sir some. I want that. I do not recall the exact data I am able to recall it. But yes they have. Have you heard the term agriculture road map in Bihar? Every year they make it. Yes sir they make it but I am not aware of the specifics of it. There is JAL Jeevan Hariyali Mission. Yes sir. Tell me something about it. Sir that mission is regarding promoting agroforestry and other such aspects so as to create an ecosystem where forestry thrives in Bihar. A forestation work is done with the help of agricultural prospects so as to have a very good work. What are the seven niche of CM? I do not remember the exact. At least one. This greening thing is one such niche. What are the main species of Bihar? Tree species. Tree species. Sal is there, Shisham is there. Then Mahoba is there. Then mango is there. Decently ethanol plant has been started there with this stick. Using the grains not sugarcane. Sorry sir I never told you. No idea. So many sugar factories are closed. Sir it is largely because of certain problems like for example Bihar has seems to be the main sugarcane growing area. Secondly cooperatives who were working in that direction have incurred a very large losses through loans, large number of loans. So common time and again has tried to revive that sugarcane industry. However it has failed to do so. Have you heard about the dynamic revenue map? It is actually developed by one of the very bright principal secret revenue. My last question is what was the old name of Bihar? Sorry Patna. Patle Putra. Where from this name came? Patle Putra basically Patle trees somewhere. They are available in Patna? Have you seen that? No sir. Okay thank you. Okay alright. So you are from Bihar? Yes sir. And let's say you have given the charge of promoting aphorization in South Bihar. So what kind of species will you choose and why? So South Bihar basically a land of like hills are somewhere, hills are there. And then it is not that having that population density. However the problem is of South Bihar is water. Like water availability is somewhat less. So we can go for especially like Prosopis, Julifora and Sal Shisham obviously anywhere in Bihar and Mauwa. So these are some of the trees which can be planted there. Okay alright. How do you evaluate the prohibition policy of Bihar? Sir prohibition policy of Bihar was done so as to like deal with law and order problem and the economic losses that occurred due to wine, alcohol drinking. So the policy was very good in the sense that it promoted Article 47, the need of Article 47. However the implementation happened somewhat lagging. Like for example Hootstras, Daytime and again we come to here. So implementation is one challenge. However the government has taken enough steps and timely steps. So I think in some time like they will be having a very Some amendments were done to the prohibition. Yes sir. Like one time offending, like earlier one time offending had a very severe penal provision. So these provisions have somewhat been diluted. Okay. Would you recommend it for some other states also? Sir it depends on the people of those states whether they are willing to accept. For example Bihar acceptance was good since women of Bihar were very enthusiastic about this policy. So it depends whether people in other states for example maybe in tribal areas these cannot be implemented for example they have a very thriving culture of alcohol. So for culture regions maybe other states may not go for it. Okay. You are also interested in best to waste. Yes sir. Sir it is like waste is something that has lost value to its owner. So creating something new, something economic and ecologically productive out of it is creating waste. Any difference between upcycling and recycling? So upcycling as far as I can understand is basically utilizing in a way so as to like not that like recycling different from recycling in the sense recycling is simply utilizing it. Just take it when you go home alright. What is waste to energy? So waste to energy is basically utilizing those ways through incineration or paralysis or other ways so as to generate electricity out of it. How can waste to energy be used by the municipal corporations and do you think it is being sufficiently used? Sir currently the waste to energy can be used in multiple ways for example incineration, direct incineration which can run power plant. Secondly biometrination is one such example and thirdly gasification through paralysis. The data says that India has a potential of at least 6 gigawatt from waste to energy. Currently 66 megawatt is only being produced and plants are only selected for example in Delhi and other three locations only in country. So currently that is underutilized. You have read from Buddha public school right and you are from land of Gautam Buddha. So you must be knowing little bit about Buddhist philosophy. So tell me how can Buddhist philosophy be used for environmental protection? Sir I think Buddhist philosophy is brilliant way to go for environmental protection for example the idea of middle path. So basically currently the sustainability focuses on that aspect only. Go for middle path don't exploit it too much and don't leave full focus on preservation. Secondly the aspect of doing no harm to living beings. So basically abjuring from nonviolence. So basically this can be of help for wildlife. Similar other philosophies can be of use. Okay thank you. Thanks.