 Rydw i'n ddechrau, yw'r hi-dog. Rydw i'n ystod y nod yn gwybod, 5-6 u-dog. Ac rwy'n fydda ni'n meddwl gynnig o'r meddwl y nod yw'r ieddog, wedi'u ei chyfnod i'r ysgrifenni. Rwy'n meddwl Ileidwyr yn Gweithio, mae'n bwysig fe yna i'r Ileidwyr. Rwy'n meddwl i'r Ileidwyr yn Gweithio, mae'r sefydlu i'r ileidwyr yn gweithio'r meddwl, had I known better that might have set some alarm bells off and she was wonderful right up until the moment that I took her to the park and she saw another dog and launched in and attacked it and put that dog in the vets that happened within 24 hours of me picking her up so it was a bit of an education the next two weeks were emotional at best and involved dog training twice a day some of which were one to one I was calling a dog expert up near Birmingham who trained police dogs for a living the complication being that I had at the time two little girls they're now bigger girls they haven't gone away somewhere and the dog would treat me as master and them as minions and that was illustrated most appropriately about a week after we got her where I told Jessica the youngest she would have been about six at the time off for doing something stupid in the garden and the dog came to my side and growled at the girl that confused me I didn't know what the hell was going on I didn't know how to explain the behaviour I just observed and it put me in a difficult position because I now had the safety of my daughter to consider as well as the training of the dog which I didn't fully understand so I spoke at length to this gentleman up at Birmingham who trained these dogs he had five acres of land he ran a farm he ran this dog training firm and he was quite happy to take her on as a project and retrain her in his environment and that's what he did we took the dog up there and among great tears I rehomed my first dog within two weeks of getting her but coming out of that I then I went on the internet and I went through every video every book my family bought me book after book after book about dog behaviour dog training and more importantly how they interact with other beings out of that I decided then that I was ready about six months later to get a puppy and you'll see her on well not on there because no one could see anything on there but hopefully on the screen you'll see Echo who's a little brown and white springer she was my first puppy I scratched trained her and eventually we will see what she does I then got a second dog diesel who you'll also see actually diesel appears in a lot of these videos and the reason being diesel is a very calm dog and he's a very easy dog to catch on video triggering behaviours in other dogs so a couple of disclaimers I'm not a dog behaviourist I'm a student a geek of dog culture I study it as a hobby I'm not a professional please don't take what I tell you as an absolute statement of fact please apply your own knowledge your own experiences and it certainly if you have a dog with behavioural issues I'm quite happy to talk to you about it quite happy to give my input but if it's a serious issue please engage professional help this is not dog training this is not the purpose of this discussion all I'm trying to show you is some of the ways dogs interact again if you want to talk to me about dog training some of you already have I see some faces that have caught me in the field I love dogs to bits I've spent a lot of time with Esther and widget down there just because I've lost my dog fix after leaving them at home for a few days I'll spend as much time with you talking about dogs as you can bear as I've just said there are exceptions to every rule don't take what I've said has read it's a general guide you'll find it's true in just about every situation but there will be exceptions there will be dogs that have learned behaviours particularly from other dogs which are different to what I'm about to show you so what I'd like to start with is something particularly unusual I want two volunteers preferably who don't know each other and preferably who don't know anything about dogs just to come up on stage just quickly for a one minute demo go on summon anyone are those a hand and there's another hand I just bear with us a minute I've got to speak to them without the mic just for a moment these guys have just seen each other over the field off you go I'm going to interrupt there because what I was after was that first second and I don't know how many of you spotted it but these two actors did it perfectly having no idea what I was trying to illustrate what I was trying to point out this gentleman didn't have a particularly high opinion of this gentleman and what you saw was him walk and he got some distance away and just stopped just to see engage what this gentleman was going to do this gentleman who's met him about a year ago and had a much higher opinion of him came in quite quickly and came in quite close quite quickly and sorry I don't know your name Mark Francis at least I've got the same name that would be confusing Mark actually took a micro step back because Francis was coming in so comfortably and we'll see that happen with dogs thank you both so what we saw there they hadn't even spoken and they'd already communicated with body language that is so important in human culture and as humans we read it all day every day we don't know we're doing it because we're so reliant on voice we make judgments based upon tone of voice and language and guess what dogs don't have that they have a bark which has got about six tones to it but they are utterly reliant on body language their approach to each other how they walk the direction they walk the speed they walk the steps they use the position of the head the position of the tail is a key part of how they communicate in that first meeting they are so good at reading dog body language that they read human body language way better than humans do so everything that you see when you speak to someone else and you think oh not sure about them you're interpreting body language but the dog you're walking with has judged even more the canine greetings generally are very respectful a well behaved dog will greet another dog with great respect they are absolutely merciless if that respect line is crossed so if we saw there where Francis approached Mark a little too much and a human step back a dog might lead with a step back but if that say a puppy's coming in and a puppy comes in fast and jumps on another dog that dog will be merciless it'll grab the puppy by the throat it will throw it on its back and quite often it will straddle it or put a paw on it to say to that dog you've crossed a line but what's wonderful about dog culture is that that is an instant forgiveness approach so the moment that the puppy's given up and said actually okay I'm sorry I crossed the line the dog will let up and usually will just play we don't really do that in human culture when we make our judgments they're generally permanent and Francis approached Mark and Mark felt a bit uncomfortable Mark probably would have held that discomfort for quite some time until he got to know Francis a little better dogs don't do that they forgive almost immediately what we've got now there's a video now I don't see the video and I don't really know if you do but there is a this dog here is diesel in the harness and then there's Bella which is the puppy the little bulldog with no harness on and what you've seen I don't know if we can play that again let me see whether we can play that again so you can watch it is that there's lots of tail wagging everyone's nice and comfortable they're sniffing each other they're looking face to face and they're touching noses they're smelling each other but there's no real fast movement there's no head above every other head there's no tail tucked between the legs or a tail up in the air they're generally pretty content one of the things that happens with dogs that's really really common it's not a myth it's real is dog dominance within a pack there is always an alpha dog and that alpha dog is exclusive to the pack there's never two alpha dogs there's never a beta dog but there is often an alpha dog that's transient so for example in a pack an alpha dog may disappear out go hunting another dog will step up that role but it's not a hierarchy in the in the sense that we understand it there is one alpha dog and then there's all the others the alpha dog gets mating rights it's the one that disciplines the other dogs it's the one that leads the packs on hunts and it's the one that's respected by other dogs and bizarrely most of the time the alpha is not the most aggressive often the alpha dog is the one that's calm and selectively dominant so it will pick dogs that have crossed a line and it will put them in their place it will not attack every dog that comes near it but it will defend the pack to generally in the control manner and only get aggressive if it truly needs to the hierarchy below the alpha dog is way more complex it's not a hierarchy where one dog is higher than the other it's a hierarchy where in some aspects maybe um in food one dog will get a shout over the food before another but that dog may not be the dog that takes on the alpha role if the alpha dog is away what you'll find um sunny in my house um i've got in essence two alpha dogs between the two canines because I'm my alpha dog in the house when I'm in the house they respect me and I make sure they respect me and I'm quite vicious not in a a physical manner but I'm absolutely merciless with their behavior if they cross a line I'm not happy with say for example stealing food from my plate they will get disciplined and we're not talking about physical discipline or hurting them I'm talking about a body language discipline we'll go in later those dogs respect me but between the two of them my female dog echo she's the boss of the house when it comes to toys there's no way that diesel will try and take a toy off echo but if diesel's got food echo will not try and take food off diesel and so even though the two of them have their own little areas where they they're dominant in the the whole pack I'm the boss and when I'm away the alpha role generally falls onto diesel the male um that's a number of reasons for that which we'll kind of touch on later um in the the dominance process um as we'll see in the videos in a moment the dogs generally demonstrate a physical prowess they will generally try to act big so you'll see a head go up you'll see a tail go up you'll see the shoulders come forward they will stand over the other dog they will make that dog try to feel small obviously if you've got two dogs doing that you can get an interesting problem because eventually one of them runs out of height um consequently it's by far the most common cause of dog fights they're not a fight like they're trying to kill each other they're a fight trying to demonstrate their physical prowess saying I'm the alpha dog so you'll get a dog approach you'll get another dog stand tall they'll stand tall and you'll either get a dog back down which is by far the most common because they don't want to fight any more than we want to see it or if they can't settle it there'll be a brief scrap and the scrap is generally very fast it'll typically last five ten seconds at most and sometimes sub-second and what you'll see is a dog snap at one of the other's muzzles um they may try and push the dog away or mount it in what looks like a mating but it's not a mating it's where they're jumping on the back to say I'm bigger than you are that's where all these uh the gay dog videos that you've heard about and seen about and I think there's been reference in some various sitcom culture where you hear about gay dogs and it's not a gay dog at all it's a male dog trying to dominate another male dog by mounting it so next up we've got a video two videos um they're my dog diesel which is the springer with a harness um and then there are two black labs now there are both black labs but they are two different dogs which is why you're seeing two different behaviours it just so happens that the two behaviours I caught were both black labs um hopefully you'll see the detail um you'll see one dog actors dominant and one dog actors just like complacent simple meeting I can't see a thing hopefully you can did you see it yep do you see there was just a nice little meeting lots of tail wagging lots of sniffing they tend to sniff each other's butts and circle around that's because the saint glands are in the butts not because they like the smell of poo um they'll circle around smell each other and the scent means a lot to them it's how they find each other in the wild it's how they'll track each other next up we've got diesel the same dog meeting a different black lab and this black lab is a lot more dominant um he's not aggressively dominant but he makes it very clear to diesel the diesel is considered lower in the pack than he is and if you can see just about the tail is very very high the head's very high he's distilled in the sniffing and circling but he's making it very clear he's bigger diesel diesel has quite a history which I won't go into today we don't have time diesel's quite happy to be the submissive dog um he has a history that makes him a little bit timid he's quite happy and we'll see later on in some of the videos that diesel does take some extreme set steps to show submission which is what we go on to next submission is the counter example of dominance it's where a dominant dog's come in and the other dog either feels threatened or wants to make it clear that it's no threat to the dog so in diesel's case um he's about to meet absolutely oh no sorry we're using echo for this example echo's about to meet two male dogs mac and doogle mac is a big golden retriever very large male and doogle is a tiny little westy westy little white westy despite the fact that echo is significantly larger than mac sorry than doogle little westy the echo will show submission to doogle um that's just because of how doogle holds himself and doogle is a very strong personality male with two strong personality males appearing on my front porch and I happen to have the camera ready echo came bounding out the house and went oh and you'll see exactly what she does hopefully um there was the westy briefly his echo just coming out and she's put a bum right down on the floor you might be able to see her tails waiting because she's quite happy she's not upset but she knows that she's submissive to these two so the mac and doogle again she's come back now mac is still showing dominance and echoes just rolled straight over on the back she's not saying meet me meet me what she's saying is don't worry i'm no threat to your dominance i'm happy for you to be alpha dog let's carry on and straight after this she jumped up and they ran around the garden and played together you'll see dogs wand around the field they will explore it's in their nature when they're in the wild in a pack they don't generally hold a territory in a fixed sense the territory will flex and roam as the dogs explore you'll see this wonderful behaviour where there's lots of tail wagging this is echo and a lovely little tail going nuts she's actually quite content there stood there but she's also trying to tell me that she wants the ball that's in my hand so she's making it very very clear that she wants something she's quite content tails wagging heads at a normal kind of height and we've got another video here of where echo and diesel have just come off lead which means unfortunately you're about to see you some urination apologies for that close your eyes if you're sensitive echoes way over the other side of the field and diesel's near me that's echo at the moment where's diesel there he is so i'm videoing diesel who's quite content he's sniffing the ground the tail's wagging a little bit of a wee going on there at this point i don't know if we've got sound no it doesn't matter what happened was there was a from echo and echoes over the other side of the field she's finished doing explore and she's bored now and i'm carrying the frisbee and you get a sharp bark separated from another sharp bark and that's the play bark and the play bark is very different to the aggressive or defensive barks it's it's very sharp it's isolated it may make you may get a few in succession but it's an isolated bark she barked at me and as the camera swung round i don't know how much you caught she's looking at me as if to say where is my frisbee i can see it it's hanging it's hanging around your neck it looked like you're playing hoopla play for dogs when they play with each other is part of their development it happens pretty much until their old age some dogs play less than others some dogs play with humans more than they do with other dogs but they all play and they play as part of their genetic upbringing as their way of playing sports just like we play sprint races to see who's the fastest 10 000 years ago when we were hunting that sprinting was what caught us game when we see how far we can throw that javelin throw is how we caught our prey dogs are doing the same thing they're teaching each other behaviors they're teaching each other sport they're teaching each other rivalry they're not being nasty about it just like if you play rugby you may be shoulder barging someone over but you're certainly not intending to hurt them and the same is true in the dog world and we've got three videos in succession here all of which you'll see the dogs actually being quite physical with the other dogs but in no way are they intending to hurt them and you'll see first of all maize and honey maize is a cockapoo she stands about yay tall she's kind of golden curly hair a bit like uh is he fast asleep down there no not quite um and then there's honey who is possibly one of the smallest long-haired dogs i've ever seen i don't actually know what breed she is but she's tiny like a chihuahua and long-haired like a golden retriever she looks like a brush uh that's maize there jumping up bouncing and just like humans when when she's playing she's quite bouncy you'll see the vertical movement even when she's running the back is raising and lowering the paws are bouncing when she's stationary she's bouncing off her paws the other paws are forward she's pushing her paws out to bounce and make it clear that she's interested i want to play and then every now and again like there maize accidentally knocks honey over she's running around and jumping over her and she's clipped her with her paws and because she's significantly larger honey the little dog's gone bowling over no one really minds if honey was truly hurt she'd squeak but she didn't and they just got up and carried on playing so even though there's quite a significant size difference in that maize who is significantly faster than this tiny little dog is quite happy to play the chase me game where if you're a human you put your hands over your shoulders and run like that where she's pretending just to be fast enough for honey to catch her all right she's giving up now so next we've got diesel my dog diesel with the harness and bella bella is the bulldog we saw briefly earlier on and they are playing in a similar manner bella is actually quite a physical dog part of that is because of her statue she's only young she's only about seven months old at this point but she's very muscular she's a very physical dog and i don't know whether you saw it there there was a point where she just got a little bit out of control and diesel picks up his paw and he bats her over the side of her head to flip her onto her side and again he's not really having a go he's just saying that's a bit much and the moment the paw has touched her and she's on her side they get up again and they carry on playing they're quite happy this one is quite entertaining lola is the kind of silver and white she's a sprudel so a sprudel cross she's absolutely insane i've never seen a keep still and even when she's on lead she doesn't keep still and she's chasing this black dog i've never seen before i think it must have been visiting but she's so excited at the presence of this dog do you want to switch that she's failing to listen to her owner and unfortunately with the sounds not working but you would hear behind me the owner going lola lola lola come back no i'm sure you can imagine if your three year old child had a radio controlled car that they were managing to chase the local cat with and the the mother or father went Jeremy can you can you leave that alone the child's going to buy about the amount of attention as lola does and lola does absolutely nothing until Kate walks over grabs by the collar and drags her across the field which is quite entertaining to watch but as it's not a great way of training the dog the point there was that lola was quite happy to play and will carry on playing until she is told that this is inappropriate one more thing i wanted to show you is what happens when a dog is uncomfortable and this is important for the human interaction an uncomfortable dog will show another dog very very quickly i don't want you to approach now this doesn't necessarily mean it's scared it might be scared it might just be i feel ill i don't want you to come near me i want my own space and we have this was echo diesel and bella again echo diesel and my two echoes got the red harness on diesel's got the black harness on diesel is quite happy playing with bella the two of them are quite playful dogs but echoes very independent echo likes to play with the frisbee she likes to play with the ball she likes to play with people she's not interested in dogs just the way she is and about that halfway through this video you will need to watch it there is a brief moment where echo makes it very clear to bella that she is not interested so this is diesel and bella here echoes off screen at the moment she's actually barking doing the playbark i referred to earlier on which bella hears about now and decides actually i'll go and see what echo's up to maybe it's a little later there we go she turns ahead now she wanders off towards echo who's running around echo warns are there the head came up the lip came up showing teeth and bella comes round to chase thinking that echo's playing and echo comes round the back of me opens her mouth nips bella on the muzzle and runs off and she's just telling bella right here right now not interested no pain she's not hurt bella she's not intending to draw blood she's not intending to even really draw any pain reaction out of us she's just saying not now yet another reaction as well you get fear fear happens quite a lot with exceedingly dominant dogs approaching exceedingly submissive dogs and we do actually have here saxon who's an enormous shepherd very very dominant personality diesel who's my dog with a black harness and furgus who's a little black i think he's a cock spaniel diesel and saxon have actually been playing together a little while at this point when furgus comes on the scene saxon demonstrates some very interesting behaviour diesel comes along but it's the saxon furgus reaction that we want to see so saxon's laid down here i can't see furgus on this screen there'll be a little black blodge there he is he's over there now furgus is actually trying to play with saxon and there's a lots of tail wag he keeps bouncing on his balls he keeps saying to saxon i want to play i want to play i want to play i want to play he's bouncing he's bouncing about but saxon's maintaining that dominant starts he's standing tall standing over the tails rigidly up in the air sometimes it wags slowly but it's quite high up in the air the um the reaction from furgus is actually quite confused he doesn't know what to do he wants to play but he keeps being told i'm dominant i'm dominant and the reaction from furgus is the tail wrapped around between his legs he puts his head on the ground that's not enough saxon won't let up and eventually furgus lays completely on his back as if to say okay i don't know what the hell's going on i don't want to play anymore i'm now scared and at that point saxon wanders off aggression is seen in dogs anyone that's seen the news and seen dogs bite and injure people will know that dogs are aggressive but it is fortunately exceedingly rare what people often see as a dogfight or a dogfighting with a human is a misunderstood battle of wits and domination or a misunderstood play the actual true aggression while it exists is fortunately exceedingly rare it occurs primarily as a result of a previous incident it's not exclusively true but often it will occur as a result of a dog being attacked by another dog when they were younger so you might get a um a shepherd puppy that was attacked by a lab who misinterpreted some behavior that um shepherd does become racist there are dogs many dogs that i know personally who have become racist and it's bizarre to see in another species but there is tilly who's a box of dain cross she stands about yay at all see if she puts her paws on my shoulders her head's up here i'm not very tall it doesn't really show with the stage but she is big um she's um a lovely dog she's quite well-natured but she's utterly racist to collies if she sees a collie she flashes back to behavior that she had when she was a puppy where she got attacked by a collie and she sees a collie she will run across the field and she will try and kill it and there is no mercy um unless that collie rolls on its back pretty quickly she's going to try and draw blood as i say it's rare but it does happen if you see it happen don't get involved the dogs are very fast the fights are fast the teeth move quickly way faster than you can get involved um if the owners want to get involved that's up to them i personally would but i would not recommend that you do similarly if there's a dominance battle don't get involved let the dogs sort it out and they will generally fight until someone backs down and that someone will usually back down before they lose blood if they don't you're probably better off out there anyway so all these behaviors we've seen how dogs interact how they help us and this is really where i'm coming from this whole course stems from me watching on the field children get terrified of dogs because of how their parents react to the dogs around them and the classic reaction which i've used many times this weekend already is where a child is walking on happily going to school talking to his friends maybe on his scooter and the parent spies the dog running towards them and they grab the child's hand and they do that and what that triggers in the dog is a whole number of things first of all the dog perceives the tension immediately and runs over to see if it can help the hands come up and we saw earlier on what happens when a dog wants to play the paws come up and they jump on each other they see the child go tense and turn side on and maybe even run away and we saw earlier on that the moment the child starts running the dog's going to think the child's playing if the dog isn't interested it's not going to run it's going to stand side on and it's not going to show any real reaction to the other dog so what we've got as a human culture showing the dog a behavior is direct contradiction to how the dogs would illustrate the same behavior to each other similarly the welcoming behavior that we have is a direct contradiction to another to the way the dogs talk to each other so if I see someone I know like this invisible gentleman here I might smile hand out I'm showing teeth I've got hand out I'm walking in quickly I'm doing an aggressive dominant behavior that a dog is used to when it sees other dogs so when we react or interact with a dog we need to behave differently to how we behave with humans and recognize the change in our behavior first rule when you speak to a dog show no threat that means you don't run up you you turn side on you're not showing any teeth you're not showing them your eyes you're not showing them any claws you're not running towards them you're not running away I'm just side on I'll usually crouch down because it brings my head down I'm much less threatening the dog is no longer perceiving me as a dominant personality in the video we've got uh diesel and bella playing again um yes these videos were all taken in one day um and my wife jo crouches to say hello to bella who's the white bull dog you'll see actually bella react negatively to begin with because when jo says hello hello when jo says hello she's actually stood up and she does this and bella even being a puppy and not being a hundred percent sure of dog bogey language knows that that's not great and you'll see jo then immediately crouches down because I have taught her a couple of things um and then bella starts becoming welcoming hopefully we can catch this so this is just diesel and bella just sniffing each other wandering around together they've had a bit of a play at this point so they're no longer really running but bella's actually trying to play with diesel we get a little bit of a scratch there from jo and bella gets a head up she's not sure what's going on jo crouches down now bella becomes welcoming it's no longer jo's no longer a threat she's quite happy to have a go to the sniff and what actually happened there was that bella started to climb on jo and jo stood up to demonstrate to bella actually I'm not happy with that I'm now dominant again let's get away from the play if you're going to start jumping up and that's a wonderful piece of education that I use on a daily basis with dogs that are already trained and dogs that aren't well trained is that I will crowd them out and stand over them if I want them to back off from what they're doing and I will crouch down and stand side on if I want to play with them or show no threat you do need to be approachable unlike in human culture where it's perfectly acceptable to walk up to another human in dog culture that can be considered quite a threatening approach if they don't know you generally what they'll do is they're walked six ten feet away from someone and they'll stop they may lay down they may sit they may just stand there but they're generally just stopping to show each other I'm not going to rush in and threaten you and then generally one of the dogs will break the stand off and they'll come in nice and slowly tails wagging and say hello don't smile it's really important it's a natural reaction in human culture but if you smile your teeth come out and in dog culture that's a bad thing you're not necessarily going to cause any truly bad reactions but you're certainly not going to show the dog the behavior that you want them to see one of the wonderful ways of introducing yourself is just put your hand out face down nice and low well below their shoulder level so that if they want to they can bring their head down and sniff it they might lick it see what you smell like see what you taste like but generally that you're showing them hey I'm no threat but no time are you going to that dog you're offering your hand and the dog can choose to come to you if the dog chooses not to come to you don't chase it the dog will either perceive it as play or a threat and you probably don't want either of those reactions this is William oh hang on let me take a step back I'll give you a quick brief here as to what's going on have we gone back to slide yes we have so William is a little boy he's quite a regular on the field he's probably three or thereabouts he's about to go to school he started out being scared of dogs and I happened to catch on the day I was doing most of this videoing he was walking with his parents and I asked them if they'd be okay to video him with diesel who kind of knows him so we can catch that behavior yes I think we can skip through that's cool um what we'll do then I'll just describe briefly what happens and we'll skip the videos um William's a little uncomfortable he's still not 100% sure of dogs but he's he's okay he stood with his parents diesel is sat there I asked him to wait while I get the camera ready and then I release him and diesel wanders over to them to say hello and he goes to the parents first because the parents are offering body language that's more favourable he just goes one by one and he ends up going to to William and William the little boy he stood there waiting for diesel to come to him and just for a fraction of a second diesel's only about this far away William has second thoughts and he takes just half a step back and the act of doing so diesel doesn't even break step he turns around and walks away he's taken that just this tiny step that we as a human probably wouldn't even notice as a I'm not comfortable and he just wanders off he's not worried he's not concerned he just thinks William's not happy I'm not going to go say hello a couple of minutes later William's chilled out again and we try and do the same diesel comes over and this time William who's a lot more comfortable again he's only three um he runs at diesel so diesel comes over just a nice little gentle tail wag he stops six feet away yeah William's comfortable as he takes that step to start closing the gap William comes hands out and diesel freaks out he's not sure what the hell's going on now last time he approached this kid he wasn't confident this time the kids come running at him with his hands in the air diesel turns around walks off quite quickly and hides behind me doesn't know what's going on doesn't understand it he's not worried as such but he doesn't want any part of it and at the same time the third video which I managed to catch we will skip over is that um there's another dog star that comes over and star has kind of seen this comes over to say hello to this kid um and William has actually learned from these two behaviours and a star comes over and stops in front of him William also stops star then progresses forward and William progresses forward and they have a wonderful sub-second momentary meat where star sniffs William William looks at the dog and goes dog and then star wanders off and that's exactly what they were trying to achieve and the dogs inadvertently have taught William how to behave around dogs just by his parents letting him play so we'll skip over those videos due to timing um we've covered this a little bit so if you want to discourage a dog approach you you can choose to uh stand tall so you're saying to the dog i'm more important i'm superior i'm dominant i'm not interested um if the dog continues to approach one of the wonderful invest yeah one of the wonderful things you can use is a simple very sharp noise quite firm quite loud quite distinct and that's exactly the sound a dog bark will make when it's trying to scare another dog off it's a couple of barks jam together and if they get really enthusiastic you'll get as they're really trying to say i'm not interested and you can use that noise to stop a dog doing something we'll skip over the videos because i'm being wound on um you want to encourage play quite simply bounce around if you don't want to encourage play stand still um i'm looking at we've got one child in the audience who's fallen asleep so i'm that interesting um but if if she takes the natural human behaviour and is discouraged by a dog and runs away the dog will take that as a play drive if she stands still the dog will be comfortable if you want to play with a dog one of the wonderful ways of triggering it bounce on your hands in front of it if you've never done this with a dog do it it's hilarious the dog goes oh my god a human that knows how to play and they will bounce all over you they will run around you they'll jump on your back the moment you're uncomfortable just stand up keep still the dog will know you've had enough and it will stop any questions i know you haven't really got time we have no time no time at all if you want to catch me catch me afterwards thank you